oun fl comm — ee Acid rain, 29 Bar code generation software, 148 Acoustical properties, 11 Biotechnologies, 153-54, 221, 224 Administrators, role of, in elemen- BITNET, 146 tary setting, 50-51 Bloom’s taxonomy, 163 Affective domain, 163-64 British Aerospace, 22 learning process in, 46-48 British system of education, verbs in, 164 224-25 Airbus, 22 Business and industrial support, Allied Signal, and recycling, 29 221-22 American Association of Sciences, Business practices, modern, 23-25 Project 2061, 2, 117-18, 176 American Industry Project, 215 —C Applied science approach to study- ing technology, 2 Canada/United States Free Trade APT (Automatic Programming Agreement (FTA), 24 Tool), 32 Careers, exploration of future, 53 Assembly, 13 Carnegie Task Force, 125-26 Assessment, distinction between Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, 25 evaluation and, 167-68 Casting and molding, 13 Atlantic Richfield Company Center for Implementing Technol- (ARCO), and the environ- ogy Education (CITE), 78, ment, 23 127, 151 AT&T, and recycling, 29 Center for Robotics, 26-27 Attentional set, 160 Central laboratory, in elementary Automatic product identification setting, 49-50 (API), 148 eramic materials, 10 Automatic Programming Tool Chemical processes, 12 (APT), 32 Chemical properties, 11 Automation, 43 Chrysler Center for Technology, trends in, 32-33 137 Automation alley, 30 CITE (Center for Implementing Automation/control/computer ap- Technology Education), 78, plications experience, 142-48 127, 151 Index Climate control, in facility design, Content 198 delivering, 167 Cognitive domain, 163 selecting and organizing, 163 learning process in, 45-46 Controlling, as management func- testing procedures in assessing, tion, 14 183 Convenience, as manufacturing verbs in, 164 trend, 34-35 Compressed air and combustible Cooperative learning, 172-75 gases in facility design, advantages of, 172-73 197-98 five-stage model for, 174, 175 Computer, importance of, in the implementation of, 173 manufacturing area, 223-24 planning for, 173, 175 Computer-aided design (CAD), 5, Cotton gin, 28 32, 34, 35, 92-93, 98, 103, Counterfeit products, problem of, 117, 145, 146, 154 22 Computer-aided manufacturing Creative thinking, development of, (CAM), 104, 148 in elementary program, 51-52 Computer-assisted drafting (CAD) Critical thinking, development of, systems, 142 in elementary program, 52-53 Computer data acquisition, 147 Curriculum, facilities to support Computer-integrated manufactur- approved, 189-90 ing (CIM), 33, 34, 104, 148 Curriculum consultants, in elemen- Computer numerical control tary setting, 50-51 (CNC), 32, 34, 104, 117, 147 Curriculum guides, as resource for Computer simulation, 146 introductory manufacturing in manufacturing education, 152 curriculum, 78-79 Computer software, 152 Curriculum models, new, 224-25 in manufacturing education, 152 Conceptual Framework project, am J) ame 224 Conceptual learning, 131, 169-72 Deductive design of delivering con- definition of, 170 tent, 167 development of, in elementary Demonstration, 169 program, 47, 53 Design experience, in modern planning for, 170, 172 manufacturing technology, reasons for providing, 170 138 Conditioning, 13 Design system approach to manu- Conoco Incorporated, 23 facturing study, 5, 6-8 Consumer products, producing, Desktop publishing, 146 12-14 Developmental tasks Consumption system approach to in manufacturing educaticn, manufacturing study, 8-9 160-61 Index validity of, 160 manufacturing objectives at, Developing countries, manufactur- 51-54 ing problems in, 27 manufacturing technology at, Directing, as management function, 41-61 14 facilities and resources in, Discovery Channel, 151 57-60 Distillation, 224 implementation in, 49-51 Drinking fountains, 197 learning process of students DuPont, and recycling, 29 in, 43-48 objectives in, 51-54 value of studying manufactur- on aa ing in, 42-43 Economics, in technological devel- sample applications in, 54-57 opment, 136 Environment Education. See also Elementary in elementary program, 208-9 level; High school level; Mid- in facilities, 211-12 dle school level in secondary program, 209-11 need for improvements in, in teacher education programs, 35-36 211 Educational evaluation, in manu- in technological development, facturing technology program, 136 183-84 Environmentalism, 221 Educational reactions, to global Environmental Protection Agency changes, 219-21 (EPA), 21, 22, 29 Education for All Handicapped European Economic Community Children Act (PL 94-142), (ECC), 24 199-200 formation of, 20 Electrical kill switches, 197 Evaluation, distinction between as- Electrical/magnetic properties, 11 sessment and, 167-68 Electricity in facility design, 197 Exhaustible resources, 11 Electrochemical processing, 12 Elementary level a environmental considerations in, 208-9 Facilities facilities and resources at, characteristics of, 190-91 57-60, 193, 208-9 accessibility for special needs implementing manufacturing at, students, 199-200, 201 49-51 climate control, 198 interdisciplinary approach to, compressed air and combusti- 208 ble gases, 197-98 learning process in students at, design and resource area, 43-48 191-92 Index Facilities (cont.) Finances, in development of educa- characteristics of (cont.) tional facilities, 206 electricity, 197 Financial affairs, 15 formal instructional area, Fire safety, 200-1 192-93 Flexible manufacturing systems material and product storage (FMS), 32, 33, 34, 104, 148 area, 193-94 Flow process charts, 103 material processing area, Forming, 13 194-95 Free trade, problems presented by, noise reduction, 198-99 24-25 office area, 196 safety considerations, 200-1 ame (5 encom satellite, video, and interactive video, 199 G-Codes, 147, 154 security, 201 Global changes, educational reac- telephone, 199 tions to, 219-21 utility systems, 196-98 Global society, role of manufactur- water, 197 ing in, 20-23, 226-27 elementary level, 57-60 Government policies and regula- environmental considerations, tions, 21-23 208 Greenhouse effect, 30 elementary program, 208-9 Green Peace, 21 manufacturing facilities and public relations, 211 SS ee secondary program, 209-11 teacher education programs, High school level 211 environmental considerations at, in supporting approved curricu- 209-11 lum, 189-90 manufacturing technology at, planning improvements, 201-2 81-121 analyzing resources, 205-6 manufacturing enterprise in, determining facility needs, 105-11 202-5 manufacturing materials and establishing a schedule, processes in, 86-92 206-7 manufacturing system implementation and follow- design and engineering in, up, 207-8 99-105 presenting developed plans objectives of, 83 for approval, 207 potential course structures in, Factory (Sunburst 86-111 Communications), 146 potential curriculum model Fermentation, 224 for, 84-86 236 product design and engineer- Inspection program, 105 ing in, 92-99 Instructional materials, in prepara- recommended structures for tion of manufacturing teach- implementing, 112-16 ers, 150-51 technological systems model Instructional objectives in, 81, 82 behavioral terms in, 172 trends and directions in, writing, 165-66 116-20 Instructional resources, 60 Holmes Group, 126, 129, 130 definition of, 55, 57 “Hour glass” model, 130-31, 133 Instructional strategies, 168-69 Human growth and development, conceptual learning, 169-72 160-61 cooperative learning, 172-75 Human-productive activity interdisciplinary approach, approach to studying technol- 176-78 ogy, 3, 84-85 selecting, 166-67 Instructional system development, — 161-62 delivering content, 167 IBM, and recycling, 29 evaluating and assessing, Implementation of manufacturing 167-68 technology identifying types of learning, at the elementary level, 49-51 163-65 at the middle school level, selecting an instructional strat- 76-79 egy, 166-67 in planning facility selecting and organizing content, improvements, 207-8 163 India, manufacturing problems in, writing objectives, 165-66 27 Integrated curriculum, 149-50 Inductive design of delivering con- approaches to, 177-78 tent, 167 at the elementary level, 54 Industrial Arts Curriculum Project developing instructional team, (IACP), 131, 134, 215 178-79 World of Manufacturing pro- machine-centered versus, in high gram, 151, 215 school, 116-17 Industrial materials, producing, 12 rationale for, 176-77 Indusirial products, producing, Intelligent Manufacturing Systems 12-14 (IMS) project, 24 Industrial relations, 15 Interdisciplinary approach, 176-78 Information age, teaching manu- approaches to, 177-78 facturing in, 223-24 in elementary level, 208 In-service program, in high school, in high school, 117-19 119-20 rationale for, 176-77 Index — International Technology Educa- tion Association, 152-53 Machine-centered versus Internet, 146 integrated courses in high Interview, as self-report technique, school, 116-17 183 Management, of manufacturing en- Intra-program activities, in manu- terprise, 14-15 facturing education, 149-50 Managerial technology, 5 Introduction to manufacturing Manufactured products, using, technology course, contents 8-9 of, 68-76 Manufacturing, 20 Introductory courses, 113 as a technology, 4 consumption system approach — sn in, 5, 8-9 definition of, 4-5, 41 Jackson’s Mill Curricuium Project, design system approach in, 5, 3, 222 6-8 Japan, import problems of, 27-28 global trends in, 31-36 Junior high level. See Middle immediate and delayed conse- school level quences of, 28-30 Just-in-time (JIT) manufacturing, in multinational companies, 30, 20, 148 31-36 in today’s global society, 20-25 phases in, 9, 10 —K planned and unplanned impacts Kodak Corporation, 29 of, 25-28 production system approach in, 5, 8 —L rationale and structures for Landfills, problems of, 28-29 studying, 1-16 Language arts, in integrated manu- scope of content in, 4-15 facturing program, 55 societal context of, 5 Learners. See also Students synthesis of systems/approaches needs of, 160-61 for the study of, 215-29 Learning, identifying types of, systems approach in, 217 163-65 teaching, in an information age, Learning readiness, 160 223-24 Learning strategies, 160 value of studying, 42-43 Learning theory and styles, 159-60 Manufacturing educators. See needs of learners in, 160-61 Teacher Lecture, 169 Manufacturing enterprises, 14-15, Local area networks (LANs), 199 139-42 Index study of, at high school level, facilities and resources in, 105-11 57-60 Manufacturing facilities. See also impact of virtual reality on, Facilities 155 and public relations, 211 implementation in, 49-51 Manufacturing materials and pro- interdisciplinary approach at, cesses, study of, at high 208 school level, 86-92 learning process of students Manufacturing system design and in, 43-48 engineering, study of, at high objectives in, 51-54 school level, 99-105 sample applications in, 54-57 Manufacturing teachers, instruc- value of studying manufac- tional materials and the prep- turing in, 42-43, 217-22 aration of, 150-51 at the high school level, 81-121 Manufacturing teaching/learning facilities at, 206, 209-11 environment, 159-85 interdisciplinary approach at, developing instructional system, 117-19 161-62 manufacturing enterprise in, delivering content, 167 105-11 evaluating and assessing, manufacturing materials and 167-68 processes in, 86-92 identifying types of learning, manufacturing system design 163-65 and engineering in, 99-105 selecting and organizing con- objectives of, 83 tent, 163 potential course structures selecting an instructional and content in, 86-111 strategy, 166-67 potential curriculum model writing objectives, 165-66 for, 84-86 instructional strategies, 168-69 product design and engineer- conceptual learning, 169-72 ing in, 92-99 cooperative learning, 172-75 recommended structures for interdisciplinary approach, implementing study, 112-16 176-78 technological systems model problem solving, 179-82 in, 81, 82 learning theory and styies, trends and directions in, 159-60 116-20 needs of learners, 160-61 at the middle school level, strategies for evaluation, 182-84 65-79 Manufacturing technology educa- benefits of program, 67-68 tion elective course model in, at the elementary level, 41-61 65-66 Index Manufacturing technology educa- securing, 11 tion (cont.) types of, 9-11 at the middle school level (cont.) Mathematics facilities at, 205, 209-11 in high schools, 118 implementation strategies in, in integrated manufacturing pro- 76-79 gram, 56, 176-77 middle school exploratory Mechanical processes, 12 course model in, 66-67 Mechanical properties, 11 sample manufacturing course Metallic materials, 10 in, 68-76 Metric system, U.S. reluctance in teacher education programs, adapting, 23-24 125-56 Middle school level conventional model, 129 design and resource area in, 192 diversity of teacher education environmental considerations, programs, 125-27 209-11 facilities at, 211 manufacturing technology at, general component, 128 65-79 Holmes Group model, 126, benefits of program in, 67-68 129, 130 elective course model in, “hour glass” model, 130-31 65-66 in the future, 153-55 exploratory course model in, manufacturing education and 66-67 the professional sequence, implementation strategies in, 148-53 76-79 manufacturing education and sample manufacturing course, the technical/technological 68-76 sequence, 132-48 MIT Commission on Industrial professional component, 128 Productivity, 217 technical/technological Monsanto, and recycling, 29 component, 128 Motivation, of the student, 160 opportunities for, 228 Motivational programs, 105 significant developments in, Multimedia presentations in manu- 216 facturing education, 151-52 societal perspective of, 19-37 Multinational companies, manufac- Market research, integration of, in turing in, 30, 31-36 manufacturing technology, Multinational research initiative, 24 140-41 Marketing, 15 —N Maryland Plan, 215 Materials National Council for the Accredi- at elementary level, 60 tation of Teacher Education, properties of, 11 127 240 Index National Council of Teachers of Proctor and Gamble, and recycling, Mathematics, 176 29 Noise reduction, in facility design, Product design and engineering, 198-99 study of, at high school level, Numerical control (NC), 32-33 92-99 Production, 15 ~ Production system approach to manufacturing study, 5, 8 Observational techniques, 183 Products, producing, 8 Occupational Safety and Health Professionalism, and the aspiring Administration (OSHA) teacher, 152-53 regulations, 21 Project 2061, 2, 117-18, 176 Operation process charts, 103 Psychomotor domain, 164 Optical properties, 11 learning process in, 48 Organizing, as management func- verbs in, 165 tion, 14 Public Broadcasting System (PBS), 151 Public relations am DP ome and manufacturing facilities, 211 Parke System, as resource for ac- in high schools, 120 tivities in manufacturing cur- Public schools, comparison with riculum, 77 teacher education, 127 People’s Republic of China, un- planned consequences of onan Q ones manufacturing in, 27 Physical properties, 11 Quality, 33-34, 111 Planning, as management function, Quality Assurance program, 104-5 14 Questionnaire, as self-report PLC (programmable logic control- technique, 183 ler), 33 Polymeric materials, 10 —R Problem determining good, 181 Rapid prototyping, 154-55 identifying, 180-81 Renewable resources, 11 Problem solving Research and development (R & definition of, 180 D) 15, 22 development of skills in, in ele- Rest rooms, 201 mentary program, 51-52 Resources approach to studying in the manufacturing technology technology, 2-3 curriculum, 179-82 Robotic technology, 26-27, 104, process of, 181-82 117 Process technology, 5 Rust belt, 30 learning readiness of, 160 motivation of, 160 in facilities, 200-1 Synthesis courses, 113 in technological development, Systems approach to manufactur- 136-37 ing educational, 217 Satellite, video, and interactive video in facility design, 199 am | Schedule, establishment of, in planning facility Task mastery, 160 improvements, 206-7 Teacher School specialist, in elementary and need for lifelong learning, setting, 49 228 School year, lengthening, 220 future emphasis for, 222-26 Science, in integrated manufactur- professionalism and the aspiring, ing program, 57, 176-77 152-53 Security, in facility design, 201 program issues for, 226-28 Self-report techniques, 183 role of technology, 49-50 Separating, 13 Teachez centered, in elementary Simultaneous engineering, 102 setting, 50 Sinks, 201 Teacher-directed strategies, 169 Social motivation, 160 Teacher education, comparison Social studies, in integrated manu- with public schools, 127 facturing program, 56 Teacher education programs Society of Manufacturing Engi- environmental considerations in, neers, 151, 152 211-12 development of curriculum ma- manufacturing technology in, terials for, 85 125-56 Space technology, 25-26 conventional model in, 129 Special needs students, accessibility diversity of teacher education for, 199-200, 201 programs in, 125-27 Specialization courses, 113 general component in, 128 Stanley Tools Mass Production Holmes Group model in, 126, Contest, 215 129, 130 Statistical quality control (SQC) “hour glass” model in, techniques, 33-34 130-31 Stereo lithography, 154-55 in the future, 153-55 Storage cabinets, at elementary manufacturing education and level, 59-60, 194 the professional sequence, Students. See also Learners 148-53 focus on, in technology educa- manufacturing education and tion, 225-26 the technical/technological learning process in young, 43-48 sequence, 132-48 242