McGRAW-HILL 5 Steps to a 5 Writing the AP English Essay Other books in McGraw-Hill’s 5 Steps to a 5 Series include: AP Biology AP Calculus AB AP Chemistry AP English Language AP English Literature AP Psychology AP Spanish Language AP Statistics AP U.S. Government and Politics AP U.S. History McGRAW-HILL 5 Steps to a 5 Writing the AP English Essay A Personal Trainer for the AP English Student Barbara L. Murphy Estelle M. Rankin M G -H C RAW ILL New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2004 by Barbara L. Murphy, Estelle M. Rankin. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. 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Contents Preface / ix Acknowledgments / xi PART I INTRODUCTION TO THE TRAINING PROGRAM / 1 Chapter 1 Get with the Program / 3 Meet Your Trainers / 3 Questions About the AP English Essay / 4 My Personal Writing Profile / 12 About the Basic Training Program / 13 PART II KNOW THE BASICS: WRITING AEROBICS / 17 Chapter 2 The First Set of Basic Exercises for Your Writing Routine: The Four Modes of Discourse / 19 The Basics / 19 Chapter 3 “Stretching” and “Aerobic” Exercises for Your Writing Routine: Rhetorical Strategies / 27 Rhetorical Strategies / 27 Exemplification / 29 Contrast/Comparison / 34 Cause and Effect / 39 Classification and Division / 44 Process / 47 Definition / 51 Description / 55 Narration / 60 Argument / 64 A Total Workout / 71 Chapter 4 “Stretching” and “Aerobic” Exercises for Your Writing Routine: Rhetorical Devices, Techniques, and Writing Style / 73 Rhetorical Devices / 73 Self-Test / 91 v vi • Contents Rhetorical Techniques / 92 Organization / 101 Point of View / 101 Style / 102 Total Workout / 106 • Your Rhetorical Keystone / 110 PART III WRITING EXERCISE PROGRAM AND ROUTINE / 111 Chapter 5 Reading and Working Different Types of AP English Prompts / 113 Key Words and Phrases / 113 What Constitutes an AP English Prompt or Question? / 114 English Language and Composition / 119 English Literature and Composition / 120 Chapter 6 Prewriting and Planning / 121 Prewriting / 121 Notating the Text / 122 • Our Two Sample Texts / 125 Chapter 7 Introducing the Essay / 134 The Professionals Do It / 136 • Our Sample Writers / 141 • Student Samples / 143 Total Workout / 145 Chapter 8 Writing the Body of the Essay and Supporting Syntax / 148 • Our Body Samples / 150 • Student Samples / 156 • Supporting Syntax / 163 Chapter 9 Writing the Conclusion of the Essay and Revising / 167 • Our Sample Conclusions / 168 • Student Samples / 169 Revision / 171 • Our Writers’ Sample Essays / 175 PART IV EVALUATIONS AND ADJUSTMENTS / 179 Chapter 10 Practice with Sample AP English Language Exam Essays / 181 • Sample AP English Language Prompts / 181 • Student Essays / 183 Contents • vii • Student Essays / 188 • Student Essays / 193 Chapter 11 Practice with Sample AP English Literature Exam Essays / 198 • Sample AP English Literature Essay Exam Questions / 199 • Student Essays / 202 • Student Essays / 210 • Student Essays / 216 PART V TRAINING SUPPLEMENTS / 221 Chapter 12 The College Application Essay / 223 • A Sampling of Some Typical College Essay Questions / 224 • Your Own Personal Interview / 233 • Working the Material / 235 • A Few Notes about Writing the College Application Essay / 236 • Sample Student Essays / 238 Appendix / 259 • Bibliography of Recommended Authors and Texts / 259 • Answers to Questions on Practice Activities / 265 • Glossary of Terms / 268 • Websites of Interest to the AP English Student / 270 This page intentionally left blank.