Wo rld e ne rgy statistics 2019 INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The IEA examines IEA member IEA association the full spectrum countries: countries: of energy issues including oil, gas Australia Brazil and coal supply and Austria China demand, renewable Belgium India energy technologies, Canada Indonesia electricity markets, Czech Republic Morocco energy efficiency, Denmark Singapore access to energy, Estonia South Africa demand side Finland Thailand management and France much more. Through Germany its work, the IEA Greece advocates policies Hungary that will enhance Ireland the reliability, Italy affordability and Japan sustainability of Korea energy in its 30 Luxembourg member countries, Mexico 8 association Netherlands countries and New Zealand beyond. Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States The European Commission also participates in the work of the IEA Please note that this publication is subject to specific restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available online at www.iea.org/t&c/ Source: IEA. All rights reserved. International Energy Agency Website: www.iea.org Wo rld e ne rgy statistics 2019 WORLD ENERGY STATISTICS (2019 edition) - iii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................................ v PART I: EXPLANATORY NOTES 1. Definitions of products and flows ................................I.3 3. Geographical coverage ..............................................I.19 2. Notes on data quality ................................................. I.15 PART II: STATISTICAL TABLES BY REGION AND COUNTRY WORLD AND REGIONAL TOTALS World ............................................................................... II.4 Asia................................................................................ II.13 Africa ............................................................................... II.7 Europe ........................................................................... II.16 Americas ........................................................................ II.10 Oceania ......................................................................... II.19 OTHER REGIONAL TOTALS IEA................................................................................II.24 Non-OECD Total...........................................................II.48 IEA and Accession/Association countries .....................II.28 Non-OECD Americas ....................................................II.51 OECD Total ...................................................................II.32 Non-OECD Asia (excluding China) ..............................II.54 OECD Americas ............................................................II.36 China (P.R. of China and Hong Kong, China) ..............II.57 OECD Asia Oceania ......................................................II.40 Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia ....................................II.60 OECD Europe ................................................................II.44 Middle East....................................................................II.63 OECD COUNTRIES Australia ........................................................................II.68 Korea ........................................................................... II.140 Austria ........................................................................... II.72 Latvia ........................................................................... II.144 Belgium ......................................................................... II.76 Lithuania ..................................................................... II.148 Canada ...........................................................................II.80 Luxembourg ................................................................ II.152 Chile .............................................................................. II.84 Mexico ......................................................................... II.156 Czech Republic .............................................................. II.88 Netherlands .................................................................. II.160 Denmark ........................................................................ II.92 New Zealand ................................................................ II.164 Estonia ........................................................................... II.96 Norway ........................................................................ II.168 Finland ......................................................................... II.100 Poland .......................................................................... II.172 France .......................................................................... II.104 Portugal ....................................................................... II.176 Germany ...................................................................... II.108 Slovak Republic .......................................................... II.180 Greece .......................................................................... II.112 Slovenia ....................................................................... II.184 Hungary ....................................................................... II.116 Spain ............................................................................ II.188 Iceland ......................................................................... II.120 Sweden ........................................................................ II.192 Ireland .......................................................................... II.124 Switzerland .................................................................. II.196 Israel ............................................................................ II.128 Turkey ......................................................................... II.200 Italy .............................................................................. II.132 United Kingdom .......................................................... II.204 Japan ............................................................................ II.136 United States ................................................................ II.208 ASSOCIATION COUNTRIES Brazil ........................................................................... II.214 Morocco ......................................................................II.230 China, People’s Republic of........................................II.218 Singapore .....................................................................II.234 India .............................................................................II.222 South Africa ................................................................ II.238 Indonesia......................................................................II.226 Thailand .......................................................................II.242 OTHER NON-OECD COUNTRIES d. e Albania ........................................................................II.248 Azerbaijan ...................................................................II.263 v Algeria .........................................................................II.251 Bahrain ........................................................................II.266 ser e Angola .........................................................................II.254 Bangladesh ..................................................................II.269 s r Argentina .....................................................................II.257 Belarus .........................................................................II.272 ht g Armenia .......................................................................II.260 Benin ...........................................................................II.275 All ri A. E INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY I iv - WORLD ENERGY STATISTICS (2019 edition) Bolivia .........................................................................II.278 Moldova ......................................................................II.413 Bosnia and Herzegovina ..............................................II.281 Mongolia .....................................................................II.416 Botswana ....................................................................II.284 Montenegro ................................................................. II.419 Brunei Darussalam ......................................................II.287 Mozambique ................................................................II.422 Bulgaria .......................................................................II.290 Myanmar .....................................................................II.425 Cambodia .....................................................................II.293 Namibia .......................................................................II.428 Cameroon ....................................................................II.296 Nepal ...........................................................................II.431 Colombia .....................................................................II.299 Nicaragua.....................................................................II.434 Congo ..........................................................................II.302 Niger ............................................................................II.437 Costa Rica. ...................................................................II.305 Nigeria .........................................................................II.440 Côte d’Ivoire................................................................II.308 North Macedonia, Republic of....................................II.443 Croatia .........................................................................II.311 Oman ...........................................................................II.446 Cuba .............................................................................II.314 Pakistan .......................................................................II.449 Curaçao........................................................................II.317 Panama ........................................................................II.452 Cyprus .........................................................................II.320 Paraguay ......................................................................II.455 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea......................II.323 Peru..............................................................................II.458 Democratic Republic of the Congo..............................II.326 Philippines ...................................................................II.461 Dominican Republic ....................................................II.329 Qatar............................................................................II.464 Ecuador ........................................................................II.332 Romania ......................................................................II.467 Egypt ...........................................................................II.335 Russian Federation ......................................................II.470 El Salvador ..................................................................II.338 Saudi Arabia ................................................................II.473 Eritrea ..........................................................................II.341 Senegal ........................................................................II.476 Ethiopia........................................................................II.344 Serbia ...........................................................................II.479 Gabon ..........................................................................II.347 South Sudan ................................................................. II.482 Georgia ........................................................................II.350 Sri Lanka .....................................................................II.485 Ghana ...........................................................................II.353 Sudan ...........................................................................II.488 Gibraltar .......................................................................II.356 Suriname ......................................................................II.491 Guatemala ....................................................................II.359 Syrian Arab Republic ..................................................II.494 Haiti.............................................................................II.362 Chinese Taipei .............................................................II.497 Honduras......................................................................II.365 Tajikistan .....................................................................II.500 Hong Kong, China .......................................................II.368 Tanzania ......................................................................II.503 Iran, Islamic Republic of .............................................II.371 Togo ............................................................................II.506 Iraq ...............................................................................II.374 Trinidad and Tobago ...................................................II.509 Jamaica ........................................................................II.377 Tunisia .........................................................................II.512 Jordan ..........................................................................II.380 Turkmenistan ...............................................................II.515 Kazakhstan ..................................................................II.383 Ukraine ........................................................................II.518 Kenya ...........................................................................II.386 United Arab Emirates ..................................................II.521 Kosovo .........................................................................II.389 Uruguay .......................................................................II.524 Kuwait .........................................................................II.392 Uzbekistan ...................................................................II.527 Kyrgyzstan ...................................................................II.395 Venezuela ....................................................................II.530 Lebanon .......................................................................II.398 Viet Nam .....................................................................II.533 Libya............................................................................II.401 Yemen .........................................................................II.536 Malaysia ......................................................................II.404 Zambia .........................................................................II.539 Malta ............................................................................II.407 Zimbabwe ....................................................................II.542 Mauritius......................................................................II.410 COUNTRY NOTES AND SOURCES........................................................................................................................II.545 PART III: SUMMARY TIME SERIES Production ....................................................................... III.2 Final consumption ........................................................ III.83 Refinery output of oil products ..................................... III.56 Consumption in industry ............................................ III.104 Net imports ................................................................... III.59 Consumption in transport ........................................... III.125 d. e ANNEX: ADDITIONAL STATISTICS v er s e Equatorial Guinea ............................................................ A.6 Mali ............................................................................... A.15 s r Greenland ........................................................................A.9 Palestinian Authority .....................................................A.18 ht g Lao People’s Democratic Republic...............................A.12 Uganda ..........................................................................A.21 All ri A. E INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY I WORLD ENERGY STATISTICS (2019 edition) - v INTRODUCTION World Energy Statistics provides detailed statistics on countries data are based on secondary sources, and production, trade and consumption for each source of where incomplete or unavailable, on estimates. In energy for all the world’s largest energy producing and general, data are likely to be more accurate for pro- consuming countries. It contains statistics for each duction, trade and total consumption than for individ- source of energy for all OECD countries, the eight IEA ual sectors in transformation or final consumption. Association countries, and over 100 other key energy General issues of data quality, as well as country producing and consuming countries, and main geo- notes and sources, should always be consulted when graphical regions, including the World. Non-OECD using data. In addition, limited official data are avail- countries cover developing countries in Africa, Latin able for 2018 from non-OECD countries, therefore America and Asia, Central and Eastern European coun- estimations have been used in most cases. tries, and Eurasia. The consistency and complementari- ty of OECD and non-OECD countries’ data ensure an Data were collected by the team in the Energy Data accurate picture of the global energy situation. Centre (EDC) of the IEA Secretariat, headed by Duncan Millard until February 2019 and currently by Complementing the data in energy units of the sister Nick Johnstone. publication World Energy Balances, this book includes detailed data by country for all energy sources – coal, Within the IEA, for OECD members, data were gas, oil, electricity, renewables and waste - expressed in prepared: by Beatriz Martinez and Konstantinos commodity balance format, for 2017 and provisional Theodoropoulos with the support of Laura Mari 2018 supply for OECD countries, and initial 2018 Martinez for coal, by Aidan Kennedy for electricity, estimates for non-OECD countries production and by Samantha Mead for renewables, by Angela Ortega trade of natural gas, primary coal and oil. Pastor for oil, and by Louis Chambeau and Faidon Papadimoulis for natural gas. OECD fuel data were In this release, energy statistics are displayed for the prepared under the responsibility of Julian Prime for world and the main geographic regions, then for coal, electricity and renewables, and under the OECD countries, Association countries, and finally responsibility of Erica Robin for oil and natural gas. for the other non-OECD countries OECD energy balances data and overviews were This volume has been prepared in close collaboration prepared by Rémi Gigoux, Francesco Mattion and with other international organisations, including Faidon Papadimoulis under the responsibility of Eurostat, the Economic Commission for Europe of the Roberta Quadrelli. Non-OECD countries statistics and United Nations (UNECE), the Organización Latino- overviews were prepared by Nicolas Coënt, Laila americana de Energía (OLADE), the African Energy El-Ashmawy, Musa Erdogan, Markus Fager-Pintilä, Commission (AFREC), the Asia Pacific Energy Re- Julia Guyon, Byungho Jung, Nikolaos Kordevas and search Centre (APERC), the United Nations Statistics Claire Morel, with the support of Antonio Carvalho, Division (UNSD), and the Forestry Department of the under the responsibility of Céline Rouquette. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Roberta Quadrelli and Céline Rouquette have the ed. Nations (FAO). v overall responsibility for this report. The publication er s While every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of and its statistics were produced by Musa Erdogan, s re the data, quality is not homogeneous throughout the Julia Guyon and Faidon Papadimoulis. Desktop ht g publication, reflecting the availability of data. In some publishing was carried out by Sharon Burghgraeve. All ri A. E INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY I vi - WORLD ENERGY STATISTICS (2019 edition) We would like to thank our numerous contacts world- our online data service and on USB keys. Moreover, wide in national administrations and in public and data can also be obtained on a pay-per-view basis. private companies for their helpful co-operation. Details are available at www.iea.org/statistics. Complete supply and consumption data from 1971 to Enquiries about data, methodology, or comments and 2017 and selected estimates for 2018 are available on suggestions should be addressed to: [email protected] What’s new? New OECDMember: Lithuania Lithuania became an OECD Member in July 2018. Accordingly, Lithuania appears in the list of OECD Members and is included in the OECD aggregates for data from 1990. New Association country: South Africa South Africa joined the IEA as an Association country in November 2018. Accordingly, South Africa is now included in the IEA and Accession/Association countries aggregate for data starting in 1971 and for the entire time series. d. e v er s e s r ht g All ri A. E INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY I WORLD ENERGY STATISTICS (2019 edition) - I.1 PART I EXPLANATORY NOTES d. e v er s e s r ht g All ri A. E INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY I I.2 - WORLD ENERGY STATISTICS (2019 edition) ABBREVIATIONS Btu: British thermal unit GWh: gigawatt hour kcal: kilocalorie kg: kilogramme kJ: kilojoule Mt: million tonnes m3: cubic metre t: metric ton = tonne = 1000 kg TJ: terajoule toe: tonne of oil equivalent = 107kcal CHP: combined heat and power GCV: gross calorific value GDP: gross domestic product HHV: higher heating value = GCV LHV: lower heating value = NCV NCV: net calorific value PPP: purchasing power parity TPES: total primary energy supply AfDB: African Development Bank EU-28: European Union -28 FAO: Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations IEA: International Energy Agency IPCC: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ISIC: International Standard IndustrialClassification OECD: Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development OLADE: Organización Latinoamericana de Energía UN: United Nations UNIPEDE: International Union of Producers and Distributors of Electrical Energy 0 or 0.0 negligible c confidential e estimated .. not available d. e - nil v er x not applicable es s r ht g All ri A. E INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY I