THE mACmillAH OF illGliSi"! • HANDBOOK KEY GRAMMAR AND USAGE 4 Case 1 Sentence Fragment Pronouns: Agreement ^ Run-together Sentence D Adjectives & Adverbs O O Subject and Yerii Verb Forms MECHANICS V w Manuscript: Form & Revision Abbreviations & Numbers O 10 Capitals Italics II Syllabication & Hyphens PUNCTUATION 12 End Punctuation 16 Quotation Marks IO Comma 1/ Colon & Dash 14 Semicolon 18 Parentheses & Brackets 15 Apostrophe 19 Too Much Punctuation SPELLING 20 Spelling Ust & Rules 21 Similar Forms HANDBOOK KEY [WORDS AND PHRASES 22 Exactness jLD Concreteness OA 23 ZO ^ Wordiness Appropriateness: Usage Conciseness: Repetition 07 24 Z/ w. .J Metaphors Idioms Vividness: triteness EFFECTIVE SENTENCES 28 3^ Sentence Unity: ^®^ Mu^ch^*^ ^'^''* "" ''®'"* *^'^*®^ 3d i£7 Subordination Parallel Structure OU 36 Reference of Pronouns Comparisons O 37 I ProperArrangement Words Left Out 32 38 Dangling Modifiers Variety OQ OO Ecmph.asis.: APcostiitvieonor Passive 39 Awkwardness & Obscurity PHS XO 40 4Z ^ Arrangement Adequate Development Coh.erence: Transitions 43 41 Unityin Paragraph Point of View 44 GLOSSARY' Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 http://www.archive.org/details/macmillanhandboOOkier L THE MACMILLAN HANDBOOK OF ENGLISH FOURTH EDITION JOHN M. KIERZEK and WALKER GIBSON ! THE MACMILLAN HANDBOOK OF ENGLISH THE MACMILLAN COMPANY New York Fourth Edition © The Macmillan Company 1960 — All rights reserved no part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who wishes to quote brief passages in connection with a review written for inclusion in magazine or newspaper. Fifth Printing 1964 Library of Congress catalog card number: 60-5258 The Macmillan Company, New York Brctt-Macmillan Ltd., Gait, Ontario Printed in the United States of America Previous editions by John M. Kierzek copyright 1939, 1947 and 1954 by The Macmillan Company ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The following British and Canadian publishers and authors' agents have kindly granted permission to reproduce material from the publications cited. All quotations granted by American pub- lishers are credited in the places of their occurrence in the text. George Allen & Unwin Ltd. On Education by Bertrand Russell. : Edward Arnold Publishers Ltd. Two Cheers for Democracy by : E. M. Forster. Jonathan Cape Ltd.: In Our Time by Ernest Hemingway, and The Enormous Room by E. E. Cummings. Cassell & Company Ltd. Into Battle by Winston Churchill. : Wm. Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. The Houses in Between by Howard : Spring. M. Dent & Sons Ltd.: Scenes and Portraits by Van Wyck J. Brooks. Eyre & Spottiswoode Ltd. Autumn Across America by Edwin Way : Teale. Hamish Hamilton Ltd. The Big Change by Frederick Lewis Allen, : and The Second Tree from the Corner by E. B. White. George G. Harrap & Co. Ltd. Mirror for Man by Clyde Kluck- : hohn. William Heinemann Ltd.: Of Time and the River by Thomas Wolfe, Cannery Row by John Steinbeck. The Hogarth Press Ltd.: The Death of a Moth and Other Essays and Between the Acts by Virginia Woolf. McClelland and Stewart Ltd. Blood, Sweat and Tears by Winston : Churchill. Methuen & Co. Ltd. Hills and the Sea by Hilaire Belloc. : WiUiam Morris Agency: The Houses in Between by Howard Spring. Paul Reynolds & Son: The Wind and the Rain by Thomas Burke. Ann Walkins, Inc. Up Front by Bill Mauldin. : vii i9i