Reu. Mus. Argenlzno Cirnc. Nat., n.s. 23-26,2000 Bueno~A cres lSSN 1514 5158 Wood anatomy of six species of Lyeiuna, with conannenls on fibrifom vessel! elements Carlos Alejandro NORVERTO Proyecto Forestal de Desarrollo (SAGPyNBIRF).A v. Paseo Coldxi 922, 1063 Buenos Aires, Argentina Abstrac* The study of wood anatomy of f3 species ofL,yciu!nL , was made. These species share an ho~nogeneous stmcturc. The essential wood characteristics are: dendritic distribution, presence of spiral thickness in the secondary wall of vascular elements and tracheids, apotracheal and paratracheal axial parenchyma, radial hezerogeneous, and libriform fibres. The presence of fihriform vessel element* is described in six species of Lyciurn for the first time. Key words: vessel tracheids, wood anatomy, Lyeiurn, Soianaceae This paper is a further contribution to a se- Santiago del Estero Prov. -Lyciumgilliesianum. ries describing the wood anatomy of Lycium Norverto (RAW7 4970); 75015), La Pampa Prov. indigenous to Argentina (Norverto, 1988; 1989). -Lycium infaustum. Lnrentz (BAw 41223), San- Lyciun comprises 75 - 80 species of shrubs and tiago del Estero Prov. -Lycium tenuispinosum. small trees widely distributed in all the world Troiani, Prina & Alfbrlso (SRFA 9617), La Pam- (Nunziker, 1979; Bernardello, 19861. From the pa Prov. 22 species of Argentina onlyL. ciliatum Schlecht., The samples in dried conditions were boiled L, elongatum Miers, L. chilense Miers, L. in water and storod in 50% aqueous ethyl alco- gilliesianum Miers, L, intaustum Miers and I,. hol. With a sliding microtome, transversal, tenuispinosum Miers wore studied, belonging to longitudinal tangential and radial sections of arid and semiarid regions (Cahrera, 1971). approximately 13 pm thick were prepared. Thicker sections were out only in order to reduce MATERIALS AND METHODS tearing. Maceration's were prepared with Boodle' - following Argentine Herbaria: made into permanent slides. All quantitative BAw: Museo Argentino de Ciencias Natura- data are based upon 25 measurements per les "B. Rivadavia". kature. Terminology follows that of the IAWA MERL: Herhario "Ruiz Leal", Mendoza. Committee on Nomenclature (1964) and IAWA SL: Universidad Nacional de San Luis. list, of microscopic features for hardwood SRFA: Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, identification (Wheeler et. al., 1989). Of the Pacultad de Agronomia de Santa Rosa. rnontioned codes for the materials, only BAw is Lycium cestroides. Cozzo (BAw 522971, C6r- included in the Stern's Index Xilariorum (1991). doha Prov.; Patridge (BAw 684401, Corrientes Prov. -Lycium ciliatum. Cozzo (BAw 522951, RESULTS Chrdoha Prov.; Troiani & Prina (SRFA 97341, La Pampa Prov. -Lycium chilense war. chilense. Wood semi-ring porous. Vessels in dendritic Troiani & Prina (SRFA 9732). La Pampa Prov. - pattern, solitary, in clusters or radial and Lycium chilense uar. minutifolium Troiani & tangential short multiples; oval or angular in Prina (SRFA 97331, 1.a Pampa Prov. -I,ycium transverse section; average tangential diameter chilense uar. glaberrinum. Del Vitto (SL 2269), 47 pm. Simple perforation plates in obliques to San Luis Prov.; Roig (MERL 124991, Mendoza lightly obliques end walls. Tails present onvessel Prov. -Lycium elongutum. Castellanos (BAw elements (Fig. 1).I ntervessel pits alternate; inner 11697), Chrdoha Prov.; Luna Ruiz (BAw 534051, apertures included. Vessel-ray and vessel- 24 Reuzstu del Museo Argentzno de Czrncras Naturales, n s 2 (I), 2000 Figs. 1-6. Graphics of cells from macerated wood of Lyciu~nc hilense. 1,Vesseis elements. 2, Tracheidids 3, Fibre - tracheids. 4, Fibriform vessel element. 5, Libriform fibres. Norverto Wood anatomy of szx speczes of Lyczum 25 DISCUSSION Certain groups of dicotyledons have fibriform vessel elements (Woodworth, 1935; Carlquist, 1988). In the present study fibriform vessel elements were found for the first time in the Solanaceae. 1,ycium has fibrirorm vessel elements of fusiform shape, the tips of witch extend well beyond perforation plates. It also has been reported the presence or fibriform vessel elements in other families of l'ubiflorales (Melchior, 1964); Convolvulaceae (Meanega, 1969); I-Iydrophyllaceae (Carlquist et al., 1983; Carlquist andEckhart, 1984); andPolemoniaceae (Carlquist et al., 1984). Since the present,.Tuhiflorales is the group with major number of species characterised by the presence of fihriform vessel elements. Vessels in dendritic pattern and helical thickenings in the walls of vessel elements, tracheids and fibre-tracheids are indicative features of wood xeromorphy (Norverto, 1989; Carlquist, 1992). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Figs. 67.P hotomicrographs olZycium cestl-oides: fibriform vessel elements, lateral perforation I thank Dr. Sherwin Carlquist for his critical ulates. reading of the manuscript. I thank also the curators for the herbarium samples received. BIBLIOGRAPHY parenchyma pits with distinct borders, similar Bernardello, L.M. 1986. Revisidn taxondmica de las in size and shape. Walls with hclical thickenings espeeies sudamerieanas dc Lycium (Solanaccae. (Fig. 1). Tyloses and gummy deposits absent. Bol. Acad. Nac. Ci. Cdrdoba 67 (3-4): 173-366. Boodle, I,. A. 1916. Amethod ofmaceratingfibres.Kew Tracheids with helical thickenings in the walls Bull. M~scI.n fi 4: 108-110. and bordered pits (Fig. 2). Fibre-tracheids with Cabrera, A.L. 1971. Fitogeograffa de la Repiiblica Ar- distinctly bordered pits in tangential and radial gentina. Bol. Soe. Argent. Bot. 14 (1-2): 1-42. walls, inner apertures included; on average 344 Carlquist, S. 1988. Corr~pnrntiuew ood anatomy. pm long; spiral thickenings present (Fig. 3). Springer - Verlag. Berlin & Heidelberg. - Libriform fibres with simple pits; on average 583 1992. Wood anatomy of Saianaceae: a survey. i.lm long (Fig 5). Fibrirorm vessel elements Allertutria, 6 (4): 279--326. present (Fig. 4), perforation plates arelateral and Carlquist, S., V. M. Eckhart & D. C. Michener. 1983. Waod anatomy of Hydrophyllaceac. I Eriodictyon. tend to be vertically oriented (Figs. 6, 7), they Aliso 11:317-335. may very much like fibres; tend to be longer than - 1'384. Waod anatomy of Polemoniaceae. Aliso 102: the ordinary vessel elements that they 547-572. accompany, on average 430 pm long. Axial Carlquist, S. & V. M. Eckhart. 1984. Wood anatomy of parenchyma scanty parairacheal and diffuse Hydrophyllaceae 11. Genera other than apotracheal. L. gilliesianum also with axial Eriodictyon, with comments on parenchyma bands containing vessels with large pits. Aliso 10: 397- parenchyma in marginal bands. Rays uniseriate 412. or partially biseriate; homocellular and Hunziker, A.T. 1979. South American Solanaceae: a heteroceliular; ray cells square, upright and synoptic survey. In J. C. Hawkes, R. N. Lester a A. procumbent. Disjunctive parenchyma present. D. Skelding (eds.). the Biology and Taxonomy of Calcium oxalate crystals in axial parenchyma the Solanaceae. Linriean Suc. Symp. Ser. 7: 49- and sometimes in radial parenchyma. 85. 26 Rev~stade Z Museo Argentzno de Czenc~asN aturales, n s 2 ilj,2000 IAWA Committee on Nomenclature. 1964. (Soianaeeae). Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 26 (1-2): 45- Multilingual glossary of terms used in wood 52. anatomy. Konkordia. Winterthur. Stem, W. L. 1991. IndexXylariorum,i?sttutionalwood Melchior, H. 1964. Engler's Syllabus der collections of world. Addendum IAWA Bull. 12 (1): P/lanzer~familien.1 2. Ed. Berlin, Nikoiasse. 99. Mennega A. M. W. 1969. The wood structu1.e of Wheeler, E. A., P. Baas and P. F .: Gasson. 1989. IAWA Uicra,iostyles (Convolvulaceae).ActnR ot. Neerl. 18 list of microscopic features for hardwood 173-179. identlrieation (new series) 10 (3): 219-332. Leiden Norverto, C. A. 1988. Nota prelirninar sobre la estruc- The Netherlands. tura de la madera dc Lvciurr~s illius~anurnM iers Woodworth, R.11. 1935. Fibrlforni vessel members in (Solanaceae). Re". Cs. Agrarius y Tecr~ulogiad e 10s Pas.~ifloraT. ropical Woods 41: 8-16. Alimentos !UCA) 9 (1-4): 63-67. - 1989. Fstudio comparstivo de la estructura de ia Recibido: 15-XI-1998 madera de Lyeiurn eei-troides y L. rhi~gbiatutn Aceptado: 27-XII-1999