inninCgh ess assSeeri rawa F/ il/ lI r....... ..... EVERYMANC HESS Contents Acknowledgments v Introduction vii CHAPTERO NE BasiMca tes 1 CHAPTETRW O Kinagn dP awnE ndings 21 CHAPTERT HREE Queena ndP awnE ndings 49 CHAPTERF OUR RookE ndin gs 65 CHAPTER FIVE BishoEpn dings 131 CHAPTERS IX KnighEtn dings 151 CHAPTERS EVEN Bishovps .K night 175 CHAPTERE IGHT Rookv s.M inoPri eces 199 CHAPTERN INE TheR araen dt he" Perfect" 219 Resources 231 Index 233 Introduction S tudyitngh een diisn lgi kceh eatThiinsgi s.w haMti chaJe.lF r anethrtet,e ­ timeW ashingSttaotnCe h ampianodn editoorfI nsiCdhesesM agaiznoen,c e tolmde .It rathesrtu cki nm y mindan,d I'ldi kiett os ticikn y oumri nda s your eathdi sb ook. Noo neli ketso s tudye ndinOgftse.n th e worki ss olitarayn do verwhelming. Whered o yboeug inW?h icbho okssh ouylodu s tudyE?v enth em osdte termined and enthusiapsltiacy ecrans bder ivneena rtloty e awirths the tediumo ftr ying to studye ndingWhsy.? Becaumsoes tb ookosn e ndingasr ei nsipdiudl,hl o,r ribly dryt omeThse.y seemd esignteowrind g outal lth ej ooyn ec ouldh ave cfhoers s. The worsotfe fnderarse thosew orkthsa ta rewr ittenw ithoumtu che xplana­ torpyr osbeu,tth atf orce-ftheeep do or reardeeamrso sfv ariatiloenasvi,nth ge m­ intellpilgaeynetr s-befuadsdlt eowd h ya s erioefms o vehsa dt ob ep layiendth e firstp lace. Then therea reth osew orkwsi tehx planatporroys Ger.u elinegxp lanatory prosIfe i.ti snth'et r eamosf a nalysipsu tting ust os leeipti, ss urelthye pedantic wayth ev ariatioanrsed escritbheaddto th ej obTh!e philosoopfah thlye te"sN,o painn,o g ain,"h asb eeand optbeydth ese pedoafnc thse sasn dtak en toth elimi t, eacpha goef feruinsga n ewan d painful agony. The bad booksa l hoattvo ae n swer for. Then therear e the endingbso okthsa ta reg oodG.e nuinegloyo dIt! w as GrandmastYeurir A verbacchl'ass Rsuiscs ian sonee rnideisn thgast I l ikebeds t Thiss ericeosn tainejdu sthte righbtal anceo fv ariatiaonndes xp lanayt porrose thatm adea s atisfyianngde difying mix. Althoughs till baid try ,i tw asm eatyan d readabBlyeth .e timeI f ounthde A verbascehr iIew sa sal readayna ccomplished Experptl ayaenrd,th ats erieusn doubtehdellypm eedo vethre h umpfr omE xpert toM asteprl ay.Se orh owd idIb ecomae" masteirnth" e endingRse?a do n. Despithtee t enosf t housaonfdb so okosn c hesasn,d h undreifdn so,t th ou­ sandsth,a ta red evotteodth e endgameb,o okosn e ndifnogr begiarnen feersw and far betweenTh.e reasofnor th isi sp artleyc onomiBco.o kosn e ndingsi,n genersalim,p ldyo n'setl alsw ellto awi dea udiencaesth osed evotteood p enings, becaubseginenin g playejrussw tan tt og eitn th erea ndg of othre g ustThoe.y are likek idsw hothink theyk noww hat'gso odf orth em.Th ey wanstu gaLort!s o f vii WINNCIHNEGES NSD INGS sug,ar ainll k indosfs hapeasn ds izesB.egin ning playewranst t oj ump rigihntt o the heaotf b attleh,a cakw ayc,o mbinwie th a tactiocrtw o,a ndth eng rafulcley resisgno th atth eyc and oi ta lolv earg aiEnx.c itintigtl ethsa tp romisthee moon, likSec intillSahtoirVngti ctoorireA st,t ackLiinkage G randmasotreT rac,t ics, CombinaatnidBo rnisl,l i/oanrGc eineisuOsnelsfy e,ea db eginneegr'oss,tim ulate thats ugacrr avinOgn. the othehra ndm,u ndantietl esli k�K ing Paanwdn EndinogrLe sa rningE ntdghaem( eal thle sear efi ctiontiatlle s) thteen llo vice one thing utteranldy completReulnyTh!:i sb ooki sb oring! Ins horbto,o kosn c hesesn dinsgusf fae bra dr eputatiNoant.ur allsyu,c ah reputatimoank epsu blisrhaethresnr e rvouBsu.tth anktso r eadelrisky eo uan,d the succeosfms y lasbto okW,i nniCnhge sOpse ninmgys p,u blishefre'asrw se re assuagaendd,I w asg iveann e nthusiastic gtoo-m aakhee aab do oko ne ndings thatw eh opwei lbleu sebdy g eneratioofnp sl ayetrocs o me. Howevefurlfil,lin g sucaht aswka sne'ats y beceanudisnegh sa vtrea ditional­ lyb eepnr esenitnes du cahn u npalatambalnen ethre, b eautyth ati sin hereinnt thisp arotfth e game ist ooo ftenl ost. Butth e beauwtyo n'btel osttoy oui nth isb ookb ecausine ,ac ertains ense, Iv'ew ony outrru sfrto m the otherb ookisn th e seriTeosk .e epy outrru stI,' ve trietdo m aketh e matereinatle rtaining and easidilgye stible. wThhaetr'Ies' ve hadt ob ea b ictr afty byt aking anu nusuaaplp roathcahtr esonawteelwislth me, asI th ink iwilt lwi th youM.u chlik e inW inniCnhgeO ssp eninIgs',mg ointgow alk youth rougthhe exacsta mea pproathcahtw asta ughtto m ew henIs tarted learn­ ing endinAftgesr. g ettingthr ougha n umbeorfb asipco intyso,u lblec hallenged toth ink througthhe strategfioeyrso urseYlofu.l" lt akes ideisn"s omec lassical endings-juasstI d idTh.e challengwilelsb eh ard,b utIg uarantifey eo,ua pply yoursyeolfug,ram e willi mprodrvaem atical.l y Worriaebdo uthte tasakh eaGdo?o dS!o wIa.Ifs a nyo fy oua rbee in"gf orced" tor eathdi sb ookb yy ourc hestse achceora,c ohr,p arentIf, e eflo yr ou. Thaat 's badb reakTh.e onlthyi ngth atI c ans ayi sl,e ttri'csk th em.I nsteoafsd l ogging ourw ayth rougahb oribnogo ko ne ndingsl,e td'est erminteo e njoy ourselves! Studyingth e endgamewil l teacyho uh owt ol anthdo se' 'wopno's'i tioannds toa voithde bado nesAl.th oughs omem iddlegaomroe pse ningse ndin ad ecisive checkmaotrpe e rpetucahle cmko,s gta mecso med ownt oa ne ndining w hicthhe game isw elblal anceandd endins adr aw,o ro nein whicthhe strongseird trei es tof orcthee advantanadg eg aivni ct.oY royuwi llh avaed ecidaeddv antaifgy eo u havaeg oodg rasopn e ndinsgtr ategies. Introduction Furthermoyroeu,sr kil lsin alfla ceotfths e game will imprBoyvl ee.a rninign advancalel th osep ositiothnasta rew ono rdr awn, you'blelb ettearb lteo s teer yourw aythr oughth e middlegaThmee m.o ree xperienycoeuh avien th ee nding, the bettyeoru orwn middlegapmleab ye comeThse.n ,a sy oug etb ettine rth e middlegamyeo,ul eartnoc hoosoep eningsth ats uiyto urmi ddlegamtea stIne s. shoritm,p rovyinogu ern dgamiem provyeosu wrh olgeam e. Learninthge endingwsi llal soa llowy out ob ecommeu chm oref amilwiithar the poweorfth e piecInes e.n dingsb,o arardesu suallwiyd eo penTh.e Rookasn d Bishocpasns woodpo wnth e boarda,n dKi ngso ftene mergfreo mth eirp rotec­ tive lair tob ecompeo werfupli ecThees .c oncepotfcs e ntralizatioanc,ti vpei eces, andp asspeadwn sa ren ol ongperinrc ipltheesy;b ecomree alt,a ngisbtrlaet egies. Questiosnusc ahs w hya R ooki sw orth 5p ointasn da B ishoipsw orth3 p oints getan swer(Iendo .p eningsB,i shoaprseo ftenm orep owerfuthlan Rookwshi,c h are cluImnths ey m.i ddlegathmeer ,e lativvaleu eb etweenR othoek ansd Bishops hase veneudp wi,th the Rooksf,oth re mostp artb,e inga b imto rep owerfuInl . endingsth,e rei sn oc onteasstR ,o okdso minaBties hoapnsdK nights.) After you'bveec omae b imto ref amiliar withth e poweorf th e piecessu,d ­ denlyyo u'finldl y ougram e isg ettingab ibte tteWhry.? Becauthseen y ou'klnlo w withc omplecteer tainty thatth e endingy ou'hreea dingf oris a win. Or,y o'lul know itd'esa ldo sIftth. a t'thse caseg,u eswsh atY?o uwil l struggmlieg htiltyo avoithdo sel osetn dingansd peddlliek hee ctko warthdo sewin ning ones. Mucho fm y succeins lse arneinngd incgasnb etr acetdo th esek eyh abits: • Ih adm any chescso aches. • Is tudibeeds t-gcamoell ectiownhisc,hal lf eaturwee ll-plaeyneddin gs. • Ip layoeftde na gainssttr onogp ponewnhtosp ointeodu tm y mistakes. Thisb ooki sb yn om eansin tendetdob ey ouro nea ndo nlye ndgameb ook. No,n ota tal l.s hIu ddwehre nI thin k thatth erear e bookosn e ndindgesv oted soletloyc ertaeinn dings!F ore xamplew,h enI w asi nRi ga,La tvia,i nth e old SoviUenti oinn 1 97a9 kin,d lyw hite-hairegde ntlemacnam e forwaradn dp re­ sentmeedw itha s pecgiialft I tw asa 2 00-pagveo lumeex clusiavdedlrye ssthien g positioofthn e Rooka ndB ishovpsth .e RookS.a dlthyi,str easuinr eR ussihaans beelno sint th e interveyneiarnsyg,e It srtilelc althle gisotfth e authorp'asr ting thoughts-in esse"nMcuec,rh e maitnosb ew ritten thaibseo nudintg . ". . A hugeam ounto fp ublisinfhoerdm atiohna sb eend evotteodth e endgame, and youa ree ncouragteodt akey ousrt udiaesfs ar a sy ou'ldi kThei.s b ookwil l teacyho uth e ending basoifwc hsa etv ersye riopulsa yaebrs olunteeeldyts ok now. ix WINNCIHNEGES NSD INGS Therewil l beg uidelineasn dp rincipelsepso usfeodr neaarllelyn dingbsu,t therei so neth ingth aty ous houklndo wan d steyeolu rselrifg hfatow ra yE:n dings involvcea lculaItinotuni.ti otna keasb acske aatn dy oullb ef orcetdo th inkh ard tod iscothvee rs ecreotfms an y positioItn issh. e rine the endingth aty ouarb ili­ ty toa ccurately cmaolvceuwilsl la bteem osts everetleys teOdn.eth ingI c an promisThies: b ookwi llp oint iyntho eu d irectioonfc alculatinthge rigmhotv es ands peedinugp th osec alculations. Ify oua reo neo fth e fewp rogressfievmeal emsak ingy ourw ayin toth istr a­ ditionamlallye -dominsaptoter,dI hopey ouw on'mti ndc hespsl ayebresin g reefrretdoa s" heth"r oughothuitsa nda,sf aars I kn ow,al lc hesbso okIse .n cour­ agey out om astethre endgamaen dtak e younre ws kililnstc oo mpetitioInn f.ac t, 11m1ak e a pledgWeh:e nth e World Championstihtliep (oapsp osetdoth e Women'Wso rlCdh ampionship-uwsheyd iefrfensttan dardwsh enth e medium isb rainno,tb rawni?s)w onb ya woman( ora precocigoiurs,l !wil)Il offialcliy breaktr aditiaonnd m ake whatevbeoro kIa mw ritinga tth e time perhathpes fi rst chesbso oki nh istowirthy inclusive laThneg ucahgael.l einsgy eo urwso,m en and girltsoc, h anghei stoornty w ofr onts! Throughouthte bookI,' vgei vetnh ea dvanttaogth ee Whitsei dfeo srim plic­ ity.In somec asewsh enI 'vues epdo sitiofrnosm tournamegnamte s,I 'vree versed the coloThrast.i st os ayif,th e winn ingp layheard th e Blacpki eciensth e game, I'vtuer nedthe boarda rounadn ds eutp th e winning positiaosnW hiteD.o n'bte troublebdythi s-in real gamewisn,s hi Bsls ahcarkeo fe ndintgoso, ! I'vales ou sed some chess teinr imtalisc sth(p el firasctetim de theyar e intro­ ducedth)a ty ouar e probabflaym ilwiithar alreadbyu,t nifot th,e rea reg oodg los­ sariiensW inniCnhegss O penianndg alss oin WinniCnhges Sst rateSgtraiteesg.i c principalnedsr uleosfth umb,al soin italicfso era srye efrencpee,p pethre book, and youwil l find solutiotnoths e quizzaetths e endo fe acchh aptYeoru.h avalel the toolJsu.sa td da l itmtleet tlaen dy ouar e ony ouwra y. Studyingth e endingi sli kec heatingI.t' sl ikken owing the answetrosa test thaty ouk nowy ou'groei ntgoh avteo tak e.Th e silvleirn inThge? oppositiiosn usuallsyo -ilplrepared. YassSeeri rawan SeattleW,a shington x CHAPTER ONE ...� .�5lSl'.�.�.�� . ••• • � II •• •• •• • •• BasiMca tes! Youmi ghtb et emptteosd ki pth isfi rscth aptoenbr a siecn dinMgysa .d vicies d,o n't In fact,w oIu ledn couryagoeut oal sop icukp m yb ooPk laWyi nniCnhesgs w,h ere youc an reviae gwo odd iscussoifbo ans imca tes trategyG.e ttingth esee ndings downp ati sa bsoluvtietallyE. v ery strpolnagy kenro wthse m wellWh.i lem emo­ rizingth em isn otn ecessayroyus, h oulkdn owh owt owin them quicklanyd effi­ cientlIyth. e lptsor emembethra t ywilolu beg ainithneg k nowledthgaete very WorldC hampiohna s! The hardesbta simca ties Ki ng,B ishoapn,dKn ightIt.t oomke a ne ntirew eek tofu llmya stethri so peratiWhoinl.e I m ustc onfethsast I 'vnee vehra dt ou seth is particeunldairni gnm y tournampernatc tice-moyp ponehnatvsale w aypso litely resigned-kthniosw ledhgaesn onetherleeaspseu dn torledw ards. The Easy RookE ndinBgo:x itnhge King The princifpolrthe i so peratiiosnth e same asw itha lbla sic maThtees st:r on­ gesri de dmriuvsteth oepp osiKnign g to thsei doeft heb oad-rnotn ecessarily a corneorfth e boardal,th oughth ati s usalulyth e caseO.n em ethodth atw orks welli sth e "boxm"e thodi,n w hicthh e opposinKign gi sp lacbeydth e Rooki n ab oxth atj usgte tssm allera nds maller untithle King isc heckmatTheed .b ox methoidss howni nD iagra1m. Asy ouc ans eeWh,i tei s auR po ok, andh eh ast op resBsl ackKi'nsg t oth e DIAGRA1M. sideof t heb oardN.o teh ow many 1 CHAPTERO NE squarBelsa cKikn'gsc amno vteo. Wh itep'lsa winll b et or eduthceen umbeorf thosseq uarWheist.es houalldsb oea ctivahtiinKigsn ga,n ds oh e bewgiinths: 1K.d3+ This discovcehreecmdke ansth atB lamcuks mto voef thfe e -filaned d eciwdhei ch filteo m ovteo , theo rdth -effi fil-leeA. s th eraree m orseq uaroens thde- file, the besrte spoinss:e 1 Kd5 ••• Whawto ulhda vhea ppeaftneerd1 ...Kf4 ?Whi te woulbde gbionxin g Bilna cKikn'gs becau2sR.eei 3slik e ltyo f olloNwo.ti cthea tB lacKikn'gsw ould bthece no nfined byth eR ootkoth eb oxo fs quarefs4-:f8- 8-hh4-Pfl4a.my i ghptr ocwiethe d2. Kf5. . 3.eR4m,a kingb othxoe fs quajruesslt i ttlase mal lerB.l acKikn'gsw oulthde nb e confinteothd e s quarfe5s8- -fh8-h5-f5. 2R.e4 Whites etusph ifisr sbto xB.l acKikn'gsi sn owc onfinetdoth ed 5-d8-ab8-oax5.- d5 2 Kd6 ••• Blaicskn h'atpp ayb o2u. tKc5. 3R.dK4b 54 R.c4b,e cauhsere e alizethse b owxo uld . shrink. 3.cK4! The Kingh atso c omuep th eb oaradn dp laayr olienf orcinogp pthoes Kiinngg backwarDdoy. o us eheo wB lacKikn'gsh afse wserq uarteogs o t oaft erthi sm ove? 3. K.c.6 The two Kingsar en owi no popsittiooo nnae n othethra;ti sth,e y'inr e"a f aocffe. " (Opposwililtib oedn i scuisns emddo ertaieil nC hapTtweor. Wh)e n theKi ngsar e ino pposittiooo nne anoththeeR ro,oc ka cnh ecthkeK inagn fdo ricbtea ckward. IfB lack apd lifaefyrse thnitr mdo ve-feoxram pl3e. ,K. d.7 4?. cK5!-Whitjeo'bs iso nlmya deea siaesBr l,a ciksq uickly thothe ers diedodef th eb oard. 4R.e6+ Anothere xcellmeonvteB .l acKinkg' si sd rivebna cdkej,e cted. 4 Kc7 ••. Thisi sc leathrelb ye srte sistThanec beo.xw o ulcdl oesvee mno rqeu icaftkelry 4. K.d.75 .KKdc57 6 R.d6Kb 7 7R.c6W.e cans eteh athte s quarienth se b oxa re nowb 7-a7-a8-bS. 5.cK5 The Kingsa rneo w oinp positioifni ,wt e arWhinetd e 'mso veh,ew oulqdu ickly pounwicthe Re�7aft+e rth eKin g hadb eednr ivteothn e e dgoefth eb oard. 5 Kd7 ••• 2 BasiMca tes The box becomaec so ffina,n dB lacrke cofrilosm 5 . Kb.7. 6 .RKac76 7.Rb6. 6.dKs White protethcetR so oankd l eavBelsa cwikth a b ledaekc ision. 6. K.c.7 Stepping backwbarycd h oos6i. nK.gd. S7 .cK6K cSS .eRSc heckmwaotuelo dn ly have lightWheintee'dts a sk. 7.Rd6 The box shrinks. 7 Kb7 ••• HBlacKikn'gss tebpasc wki th7 . K.c.Sth ,e nS .cK6W,h itKineg' ss tefposrw ard. 8.cR6 Justas Bladciktd oW hitienh ifso urmtho ve, Whhaifsto er ced BKinlg aicnkt'os a small boxTh.e nexstt eipst of orthceeB lacKinkg toth es ide. 8 Ka7 ••• The alternmaotveeS ., Kb. S., w oulhda vbee ennod iefrfenwth,e rethaesw eaker 8 .Ka8 ? woulhda vlee tod 9 .RcKb7S! l O.Kancd6B lacdko'wnfsa ll. .. 9.cKS Also stronwgo ulhda vbee e9n. dK6Kb 7 lO.dK7K bSl .lRb6+Ka 7l2c.7Kl,eading to am atnee xmto ve,th ebm uotv see lecbteesdt democnlsotrsaoitfthne egsb ox. 9. K.b.7 1 0.bKsK a71 .1bR6 AhhougBhl cakh arse sisthteeb do,xi s DOW shuBtl.a ccka ns huttlhei Ksi ng only betweent wos quareassa, n da 7. 11• .•K a8 The positiionsno wa ss howni nD iagram 2.Wh en wec omparDei agr1ama sn d2 , it's apptahraWhetin tteh as mtraed­e mendoupsr ogreasnsdwi, th Black's King confinedt oo nltyw soq uarethse,r e is a dangoefrs talematem.u sWhti te avoidl 2.a6Kw,h icwho ulcdh angae wonp ositiionnta od raawto ncNeo.w wouldn'thta tb etr agic? 1.2cK6K a71 .3KcK7a 8 DIARGAM2 . 1.4aR6C heckmate 3