Web Services in the Enterprise Concepts, Standards, Solutions, and Management NETWORK AND SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT Series Editor: Manu Maiek Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken, New Jersey ACTIVE NETWORKS AND ACTIVE NETWORK MANAGEMENT: A Proactive Management Framework Stephen F. Bush and Amit B. Kulkarni BASIC CONCEPTS FOR MANAGING TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS: Copper to sand to Glass to Air Lawrence Bernstein and C M. Yuhas COOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISE NETWORKS Pradeep Kumar Ray INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT FROM E-BUSINESS PERSPECTIVES: Concepts, Architectures, and Methodologies Pradeep Kumar Ray MANAGING BUSINESS AND SERVICE NETWORKS Lundy Lewis WEB SERVICES IN THE ENTERPRISE: Concepts, Standards, Solutions, and Management Akhil Sahai and Sven Graupner A Continuation Order Plan is available for this series. A continuation order will bring delivery of each new volume immediately upon publication. Volumes are billed only upon actual shipment. For further information please contact the publisher. Web Services in the Enterprise Concepts, Standards, Solutions, and Management Akhil Sahai and Sven Graupner Hewlett-Packard Laboratories Palo Alto, Calilornia ^ Sprriin eer g^ Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sahai, Akhil. Web services in the enterprise : concepts, standards, solutions, and management / Akhil Sahai, Sven Graupner. p. cm. - (Network and Systems management) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-387-23374-1 (alk. Paper) 1. Web services. 2. Electronic commerce. I. Graupner, Sven. II Title. Ill Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers network and systems management. TK5105.88813.S24 2005 006.7'6—dc22 2004062645 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. New York, Boston, Dordretch, London, Moscow ISBN 0-387-23374-1 Printed on the acid-free paper. © 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. All Rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now know or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 21 SPIN 11323570 springeronline.com Dedicated to people who gave me life and who make my life worth living: my parents, Dada, my beloved wife Nina, Daddy and Mama -Akhil Dedicated to my parents, friends and colleagues who gave me inspiration to write this book -Sven PREFACE Enterprise IT infrastructure is getting increasingly complex. With the increase in complexity has arisen the need to manage it. Management in general can be seen as the process of assuring that a managed entity meets its expectations in a controlled and predictable manner. Examples of managed entities are not only components, entire systems, processes, but also people such as employees, developers, or operators, and entire organizations. Traditional management has addressed some of these issues in varied manner. The emergence of Web services has added a new complexity to the management problem and poses a new set of problems. But it also adds to the mix a set of technologies that will make the task of management simpler. Management of Web services will be critical as businesses come to rely on them as a substantial source of their revenue. The book tries to cover the broad area of web services, the concepts, implications for the enterprise, issues involved in their management and how they are being used for management themselves. The book is intended as a reference for current practice and future directions for web services and their management. The book is directed at: • Computing professionals, academicians and students to learn about the important concepts behind the web services paradigm and how it impacts the enterprise in general and how it affects traditional application, network and system management. • Business Managers and Analysts to understand the implications of web services and their management on the enterprise vn vni • System managers to understand the concepts, impact, techniques, and standards that are either available today or are emerging to manage web services • Researchers, to complement their current knowledge and expertise. • Network and System Management vendors in understanding where management capabilities are required in the domain of web services and how to go up the management stack. Acknowledgements We would like to thank the reviewers (who remained anonymous till the book went into production), Prof. Lundy Lewis, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA and Dr. Pradeep Ray, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia for the invaluable comments and suggestions that they provided. These comments and suggestions greatly improved the book. We would also like to thank researchers at HP Labs, Palo-Alto who we collaborated and researched some of the web services and management technologies with and who gave us the motivation to write the book. Thanks are due to management team, namely Vijay Machiraju, Mohammed Dekhil, Kumar Goswami and Rich Friedrich for being supportive and encouraging of the whole endeavor. My deepest gratitude are towards my parents whose immense belief, love and self-less sacrifice has made me what 1 am today. I would like to thank my wife Nina for her understanding and patience and for putting up with me during writing of the book. I also thank her for the painstaking review she undertook for the book. She has been an immense source of strength and of unconditional love throughout. Acknowledgements are also due to my brother for reviewing and giving me feedback on the book and in general providing me guidance at every step of my life and for being there for me. Akhil Sahai June 2004 I would like to acknowledge my parents, friends and colleagues who gave me inspiration to write this book Sven Graupner June 2004 CONTENTS PART I - WEB SERVICES AND MANAGEMENT Chapter 1 - Introduction 1. Introduction 3 2. Web Services: Definition 3 3. Market Trends 4 3.1 Transformations in Enterprise System Management 4 3.2 Emergence of Web Services ....5 3.3 Need for Web Service Management 8 3.4 Growing Potential for Federated Management 9 4. Management of Web Services 9 5. Service Life Cycle Management 11 6. What to Expect in the Book 13 Chapter 2 - Overview Of Web Services 1. Introduction to Web Services 15 1.1 Tightly Coupled Distributed Software Architectures 15 1.2 Loosely Coupled Distributed Software Architectures 16 1.3 Client Utility System (E-Speak) 16 1.4 T-Spaces 17 1.5 Jini 17 2. The State of the Art in Web Services 17 2.1 Web Services Description 18 2.2 Web Services Discovery 21 2.2.1 E-Marketplace 21 2.2.2 UDDI 21 2.2.3 Web Service Inspection Language 22 2.3 Web Services Choreography 23 2.3.1 Web Services Flow Language , 23 2.3.2 XLANG 24 2.3.3 BPEL4WS 24 IX X Contents 23 A ebXML 25 3. Web Services Management 26 3.1 WSRF - The Web Services Resource Framework 27 3.1.1 History .27 3.1.2 Web Services and Service Oriented Architecture 28 3.1.3 Stateful Resources and Stateless Web Services 29 3.1.4 WSRF Definitions 31 3.1.5 Summary of WSRF ...35 3.2 Web Services Distributed Management (WSDM) 36 4. Platforms for Web Services 38 4.1 First Generation: CGI and Perl 38 4.2 Second Generation: Java 39 4.3 Third Generation: Richer Development and Run-time Environments 39 4.4 Fourth Generation: Web Services Frameworks 40 5. Putting It All Together 41 Summary 45 Chapter 3 - Application Management and Web Services 1. Introduction 47 2. Application Life Cycle 48 3. Processes in Application Management 50 3.1 Generalized View on Application Management 51 3.2 Management Process Life Cycle 52 3.3 Definition of a Management Process (at Creation Stage) 53 3.4 Instrumenting the Managed Domain (at Deployment Stage) 54 3.5 Execution of a Management Process (Operation Stage) 55 3.6 Management Process Hierarchies 56 3.7 Management of Management Processes 57 4. Aspects in Application Management 57 4.1 Taxonomy 1: Management Aspects Versus Application Life Cycle 59 4.2 Taxonomy 2: Application Life Cycle Versus Management Process Steps 61 5. Management in Application Creation 62