Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3140 CommencedPublicationin1973 FoundingandFormerSeriesEditors: GerhardGoos,JurisHartmanis,andJanvanLeeuwen EditorialBoard TakeoKanade CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JosefKittler UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,UK JonM.Kleinberg CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY,USA FriedemannMattern ETHZurich,Switzerland JohnC.Mitchell StanfordUniversity,CA,USA MoniNaor WeizmannInstituteofScience,Rehovot,Israel OscarNierstrasz UniversityofBern,Switzerland C.PanduRangan IndianInstituteofTechnology,Madras,India BernhardSteffen UniversityofDortmund,Germany MadhuSudan MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,MA,USA DemetriTerzopoulos NewYorkUniversity,NY,USA DougTygar UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,USA MosheY.Vardi RiceUniversity,Houston,TX,USA GerhardWeikum Max-PlanckInstituteofComputerScience,Saarbruecken,Germany Nora Koch Piero Fraternali Martin Wirsing (Eds.) Web Engineering 4th International Conference, ICWE 2004 Munich, Germany, July 26-30, 2004 Proceedings 1 3 VolumeEditors NoraKoch MartinWirsing Ludwig-Maximilians-UniversitätMünchen InstitutfürInformatik Oettingenstr.67,80538München,Germany E-mail:{nora.koch,martin.wirsing}@ifi.lmu.de PieroFraternali PolitecnicodiMilano DipartimentodiElettronicaeInformazione PiazzaLeonardoDaVinci32,20133Milan,Italy E-mail:[email protected] LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2004109140 CRSubjectClassification(1998):D.2,C.2,I.2.11,H.4,H.2,H.3,H.5,K.4,K.6 ISSN0302-9743 ISBN3-540-22511-0SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer-Verlag.Violationsare liabletoprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. SpringerisapartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia springeronline.com ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2004 PrintedinGermany Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyPTP-Berlin,Protago-TeX-ProductionGmbH Printedonacid-freepaper SPIN:11303220 06/3142 543210 Preface Webengineeringisanewdisciplinethataddressesthepressingneedforsystem- atic and tool-supported approaches for the development, maintenance and test- ing of Web applications. Web engineering builds upon well-known and success- ful software engineering principles and practices, adapting them to the special characteristics of Web applications. Even more relevant is the enrichment with methods and techniques stemming from related areas like hypertext authoring, human-computer interaction, content management, and usability engineering. Thegoalofthe4thInternationalConferenceonWebEngineering(ICWE2004), inlinewiththepreviousICWEconferences,wastoworktowardsabetterunder- standingoftheissuesrelatedtoWebapplicationdevelopment.Specialattention was paid to emerging trends, technologies and future visions, to help the aca- demic and industrial communities identify the most challenging tasks for their research and projects. Following a number of successful workshops on Web engineering since 1997 at well-known conferences, such as ICSE and WWW, the first conference on Web engineering was held in Ca´ceres, Spain in 2001. It was followed by ICWE 2002 in Santa Fe, Argentina and ICWE 2003 in Oviedo, Spain. In 2004 ICWE moved to the center of Europe and was held in Munich, Germany from July 26 to30.ICWE2004wasorganizedbytheInstituteforInformaticsoftheLudwig- Maximilians-Universita¨t (LMU) Munich. The ICWE 2004 edition received a total of 204 submissions, out of which 25 paperswereselectedbytheProgramCommitteeasfullpapers(12%acceptance). Additionally, 60 papers describing ongoing research results were included, as ei- thershortpapersorposters.Theselectedpaperscoverawidespectrumoftopics, including Web development processes, design methods, Web usability, security andperformance,Webmetrics,personalizedandadaptiveWebapplications,the Semantic Web, and more. ICWE 2004 attracted people from five continents, with a wide and uniform geographical distribution of the papers’ authors. ICWE 2004 also hosted for the first time a tool demonstration track, and featured a two-day tutorial and workshop program, consisting of five tutorials and four workshops. Workshops and tutorials gave to the conference attendees the opportunity to enjoy a more informal forum for discussing the newest Web engineering topics, from Web quality, to the development of secure Web applications, to MDA applied to the construction of Web applications. Links to the workshops and tutorials can be found at the conference Web site: www.icwe2004.org We wish to express our gratitude to all the individuals and institutions who madethisconferencepossible.WeareverygratefultoLutzHeuser,GertiKappel andRoelWieringaforpresentingtheirkeynotesattheconference.Wewouldlike toacknowledgeall workshop organizersand tutorial presentersand thelocal or- ganizing committee. Our thank goes also to the workshop and tutorial co-chairs VI Preface as well as to the demo and poster chair for their engagement. In particular, Maristella Matera did an excellent job managing the workshops organization. Our special thanks go to the program committee members and additional ref- erees for the very professional work done during the review process. The Online Conference System (OCS) was used during the review process for bidding and gathering submitted papers and reviews. We would like to thank the technical support team (Martin Karusseit and Markus Bajohr) at the University of Dort- mund,whichprovidedinvaluableassistanceontheuseoftheOnlineConference ServiceofMETAFrameTechnologies.WearealsogratefultoSpringer-Verlagfor theirhelpfulcollaborationandquickpublicationschedule.Ourdeeprecognition is due to Florian Hacklinger for his contribution in setting up and updating the conference Web site. Last but not least, we want to thank the more than 450 authors from over 35 countries who contributed to this book and the conference. We thank them for their submissions and presentations and for providing us with the material in time. We count on them for the next conference edition, ICWE 2005, to be held in Sydney, Australia. Munich and Milan, May 2004 Nora Koch Piero Fraternali Martin Wirsing Organization Executive Committee Conference Chair Nora Koch LMU Munich and FAST GmbH, Germany Program Chair Piero Fraternali Politecnico di Milano, Italy Organizing Chair Martin Wirsing LMU Munich, Germany Organizing Committee Workshop Co-chairs Maristella Matera Politecnico di Milano, Italy Sara Comai Politecnico di Milano, Italy Tutorial Co-chairs Klaus Turowski Universita¨t Augsburg, Germany Jose Emilio Labra Universidad de Oviedo, Spain Demo and Poster Chair Alexander Knapp LMU Munich, Germany Local Organization Michael Barth LMU Munich, Germany Hubert Baumeister Anton Fasching Florian Hacklinger Axel Rauschmayer Gefei Zhang Steering Committee Juan Manuel Cueva Universidad de Oviedo, Spain Lovelle Martin Gaedke Universita¨t Karlsruhe, Germany Luis Joyanes Aguilar Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Spain San Murugesan Southern Cross University, Australia Luis Olsina Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Argentina Oscar Pastor Universidad Polit´ecnica de Valencia, Spain Gustavo Rossi Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina Daniel Schwabe PUC Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Bebo White Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, USA VIII Organization International Endorsement IW3C2 Program Committee Paolo Atzeni (Italy) Stephen W. Liddle (USA) Luciano Baresi (Italy) Tok Wang Ling (Singapore) Philip A. Bernstein (USA) David Lowe (Australia) Michael Bieber (USA) Luis Mandel (Germany) Alex Buchmann (Germany) Massimo Marchiori (USA) Christoph Bussler (USA) Heinrich Mayr (Austria) Leslie Carr (UK) Giansalvatore Mecca (Italy) Fabio Casati (USA) Emilia Mendes (New Zealand) Vassilis Christophides (Greece) Sandro Morasca (Italy) Ernesto Damiani (Italy) Moira Norrie (Switzerland) Paul Dantzig (USA) Vicente Pelechano (Spain) Olga De Troyer (Belgium) Mario Piattini (Spain) Yogesh Deshpande (Australia) Arthur Ryman (Canada) Klaus R. Dittrich (Switzerland) Arno Scharl (Australia) Asuman Dogac (Turkey) Klaus-Dieter Schewe (New Zealand) Juliana Freire (USA) Michel Scholl (France) Athula Ginige (Australia) Wieland Schwinger (Austria) Jaime G´omez (Spain) David Stotts (USA) Martin B. Gonzalez Rodriguez (Spain) Jianwen Su (USA) Manfred Hauswirth (Switzerland) Bernhard Thalheim (Germany) Geert-Jan Houben (The Netherlands) Antonio Vallecillo (Spain) Martti Jeenicke (Germany) Jean Vanderdonckt (Belgium) Gerti Kappel (Austria) James Whitehead (USA) Nick Kushmerick (Ireland) Carlo Zaniolo (USA) Frank Leymann (Germany) Yanchun Zhang (Australia) Xiaoming Li (China) Additional Referees Bugrahan Akcay Alejandro Bia Cristina Cachero Claudio Ardagna A. Binemann-Zdanowicz Coral Calero Simi Bajaj Daniele Braga Alessandro Campi Hubert Baumeister Marco Brambilla Sven Casteleyn Per Bendsen Timo Bretschneider Paolo Ceravolo Organization IX Sara Comai Florian Hacklinger Pierluigi Plebani Graham Cooper Yildiray Kabak Rachel Pottinger Marco Cremonini Roland Kaschek Giuseppe Pozzi Valter Crescenzi Sunghun Kim Maya Purushotaman S. De C. di Vimercati Markus Klemen Axel Rauschmayer A. De la Puente Sala´n Alexander Knapp Werner Retschitzegger Lois Delcambre Reinhard Kronsteiner Daniel Riesco Astrid Dickinger Alexander Kuckelberg Alessandro Rizzi Cedric Du Mouza Gokce Banu Laleci Francesca Rizzo Mehmet Erkanar Pier Luca Lanzi Francisco Ruiz M.J. Escalona Cuaresma Changqing Li Petra Schubert E. Fernandez-Medina Beate List Imen Sebei Gunar Fiedler Sergio Luja´n Mora Aida Seifi Joan Fons Mauro Madravio R. Sembacuttiaratchy Flavius Frasincar Ioakim Marmaridis Siyamed Seyhmus Sinir Chris Freyberg M.delosAngelesMart´ın Mark Slater Xiang Fu Andrea Maurino Giovanni Toffetti Cristiano Fugazza Lorraine McGinty Horst Treiblmaier Irene Garrigo´s Johannes Meinecke Seda Unal Guozheng Ge Paolo Merialdo Bhuvan Unhelkar Cagdas Gerede Elke Michlmayr Richard Vdovjak Marcela Genero T. Daniel Midgley Aurora Vizcaino Gabriele Gianini Eva Millan Dan Vodislav J. Anupama Ginige Peter Mork Albert Weichselbraun J.A. Go´mez Rodr´ıguez Gaston Mousques Gao Xiangzhu M. Gonza´lez Gallego Martin Nussbaumer Qingqing Yuan Sabine Graf S. Ocio Barriales Ali Yildiz Thomas Grill J. Angel Olivas Murat Yukselen Ozgur Gulduren Kai Pan Gefei Zhang Yavuz Gurcan Janaka Pitadeniya X Organization Sponsoring Institutions