Historic, Archive Document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. WATER QUALITY RESEARCH-THE PRESIDENT'S INITIATIVE PROGRAM REVIEW AND EVALUATION 1992 PRIORITY COMPONENTS COMPREHENSIVE REPORT SOUTH REGION Agricultural Research Service Cooperative State Research Service U.S. Department of Agriculture in Cooperation with State Agricultural Experiment Stations and other Collaborators at Baton Rouge, Louisiana National Agricultural Library ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Many people contributed to the success of the 1992 evaluation and review of the water quality research program supported largely by FY 1990 and 1991 funds from the President's Initiative on Water Quality, awarded through the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and Cooperative State Research Service (CSRS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Baton Rouge, Louisiana and Tucson, Arizona were selected as sites for the southern and western regions, respectively. Planning was largely through efforts of administrators and scientists of the State agricultural experiment stations (SAES), ARS and CSRS. We appreciated guidance from SAES administrative advisors for water quality V. V. Volk, Oregon and J. M. Davidson, Florida. Significant assistance was provided by C. B. Rumburg, J. M. Horton, and B. L. Schmidt of CSRS, D. A. Bucks, ARS, H. Mattraw, U.S. Geological Survey, and others. In addition to the above, effectiveness of the meetings was enhanced through participation by representatives of the Extension Service, Soil Conservation Service, Economic Research Service and the fertilizer and chemical industries. Members of the Evaluation Panels for the two meetings are the following. They are also listed as Work Shop Participants at the end of each Research Problem Area (RPA) work group report. D. E. Albrecht H.H.Cheng Texas A&M University University of Minnesota L L /* Boersma C.T. Haan Oregon State University /c ' Oklahoma State University B. G. Ellis J. F. Power Michigan State University ARS-USDA, Lincoln, NE R. S. Rauschkolb University of Arizona H. D. Scott University of Arkansas R. J. Suppalla University of Kentucky University of Nebraska Appreciation is extended to these panelists for many hours of study and evaluation of the large number of abstracts and progress reports prepared by the researchers. Their analysis reports at the beginning of the meetings were a stimulus for discussions that followed in the respective RPA Work Groups. Their final reports, contained herein, show many important accomplishments of this young research program. And, the recommendations from the work groups provided guidance for emphasis in the forthcoming request for proposals of research for the fiscal year 1993 competition. A special thanks is extended to the hosts and local organizers, whose efforts were largely responsible for efficiency of program operations and a very warm welcome. Some of those for Baton Rouge were.H. R. Caffey, Chancellor, Louisiana State University (LSU) Agricultural Center and K. W. Tipton, Vice Chancellor/Director, and arrangements organizers H. M. Selim, LSU, and J. L Fouss and G. H. Willis, ARS. University of Arizona (UA) hosts were E. G. Sander, Dean and P. J. Wierenga, Soil and Water Science-Head, arrangements organizer was A. W. Warrick, UA, with assistance by L J. Lane, ARS and others. The evaluation and review process and the Comprehensive Reports and Summary were coordinated and edited by C. M. Smith, Visiting Professor, Pennsylvania State University. CONTENTS, South Region FOREWORD .... ii BACKGROUND . . 1 WATER QUALITY RESEARCH OBJECTIVES 1 PRIORITY COMPONENTS 2 INTRODUCTION 2 EVALUATION and WORKSHOP OBJECTIVES 2 ... PLAN and PROCESS 3 Evaluation Panel and Work Group Guidelines. 3 EVALUATION and WORKSHOP RESULTS 3 ...... STATE OF COMPONENTS RESEARCH 4 ..... CHEMICAL FATE AND TRANSPORT 5 .... State of Current Research 5 Research Needs and Opportunities 6 Program Management Recommendations 8 Work Group Participants ... .. .. ... 8 ..... TRANSFORMATION AND REMEDIATION—Pesticides, Other Organics and Microbes 8 State of Current Research 9 Research Needs and Opportunities 9 Program Management Recommendations 10 . . Work Group Participants 11 . . NITROGEN, OTHER NUTRIENTS, WASTES, METALS 11 . . State of Current Research 11 . . . . . Research Needs and Opportunities 13 . . . . Work Group Participants 14 . PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS 14 State of Current Research 15 . . . Research Needs and Opportunities 16 . . . . Program Management Recommendations 17 . . . Work Group Participants 17 . . . . . SOCIAL SCIENCES 17 State of Current Research 17 . . . . . Research Needs and Opportunities 18 . . Program Management Recommendations 19 . . . Work Group Participants 20 . . . . . EDUCATION AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER 20 State of Current Research 20 . . . . . . Research Needs and Opportunities 20 . . . . Increased Emphasis Required 22 . . . Program Management Recommendations 23 . Work Group Participants 23 . . . APPENDIX Abstracts of Research Progress, 1 992 Report A1 - A39 i FOREWORD The use of pesticides, fertilizers, manures and wastes contributes substantially to the productivity and efficiency of agriculture and to the well-being of rural and urban communities. There are concerns, however, about contaminant risk to human health, water quality, and an ecologically stable environment. The President's Initiative on Water Quality was initiated in 1990 to provide new and expanded emphasis on the protection and enhancement of ourwater resources. This action provided major impetus to the USDA Water Quality Research Plan developed jointly and implemented in 1989 by the Agricultural Research Service (ARS), the Cooperative State Research Service (CSRS), the State agricultural experiment stations and other agencies. The need for a far- reaching research effort on water quality problems related to agriculture was recognized, fostering an effective partnership accomplished through collaborative administrative and research efforts among USDA, U.S. Geological Survey, the Environmental Protection Agency, and State experiment stations. This report is the result of formal water quality research program evaluations and reviews in 1992 at Baton Rouge, Louisiana and Tucson, Arizona for the South and West regions, respectively. It portrays high priority problems needing research along with recommendations of changes in program emphasis. The recommendations reflect concerns from a broad spectrum of participants including researchers in areas of expertise relevant to water quality, technologists and specialists from the Soil Conservation Service and the Extension Service (Federal and State), and representatives of the fertilizer and pesticide industries. Similar evaluations for the North Central and Northeast projects given in the 1991 report provided guidance for this year's activities. Abstracts for the two types of research projects of the water quality program, the Priority Components and the Selected Geographic Systems-Management Systems Evaluation Areas (MSEA) are included in the appendices of the comprehensive reports. These concise abstracts report progress of research inspired and funded in part by the President's Initiative program of ARS and CSRS. It is apparent that several of the awards "bought into" ongoing research projects yielding quicker results for use by agricultural producers. Outstanding research is underway in both programs. Onsite reviews of the MSEA projects in 1991 produced recommended changes implemented in 1991 and 1992. Adoption of results from the five major MSEA projects in the Midwest is essential. Researchers are working with education and technology transfer specialists to achieve this goal. Interactions among meeting participants were useful from a program management view, as well as to communicate research progress and roadblocks. The significant accomplishments achieved during the past two years, and the knowledge developed through future research, will greatly enhance our understanding of fate and transport of potential contaminants in soils and water. And, these accomplishments will facilitate the adoption of economical and environmentally acceptable agricultural production systems to avoid or reduce pollution and enhance surface and groundwater quality. Dale A. Bucks National Program Staff Natural Resources, Food and Social Sciences National Program Leader, Water Quality Cooperative State Research Service Agricultural Research Service Co-Chairs, Water Quality Research and Development Committee USDA Working Group on Water Quality li