VOLUME INDEX FOR THE DIRECT TRANSFER COAL FACILITY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT VOLUME 1: MAIN DOCUMENT VOLUME 2: APPENDICES I TO VII Appendix I: Project Application to Port Metro Vancouver (PMV) Appendix II: Binding and Suppression Agents Appendix III: Dust Control and Anti-Idling Appendix IV: Procedures for Small and Large-Scale Coal Spills Appendix V: Standard Operating Procedures for Barge Transport Appendix VI: Environmental Management Plans Appendix VII: Community Engagement VOLUME 3: APPENDICES VIII TO IX Appendix VIII: Draft Air Quality Assessment and Draft Air Quality Management Plan Appendix IX: Health Effects Associated with Exposure to PM Appendix X: Metro Vancouver Wildlife List (HectaresBC 2013) Appendix XI: Plants with Special Status Appendix XII: Wildlife with Special Status Appendix XIII: Expert Letters Appendix XIV: VanHook Statement (Fall 2012) VOLUME 4: ATTACHMENTS Engineering Drawings APPENDIX VIII DRAFT AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND DRAFT AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN Fraser Surrey Docks Direct Coal Transfer Facility: Air Quality Assessment Prepared for: Fraser Surrey Docks LP 11060 Elevator Road Surrey, BC V3V 2R7 Prepared by: Levelton Consultants Ltd. 150 - 12791 Clarke Place Richmond, BC V6V 2H9 Date: November 15th, 2013 Levelton File #: EE12-1611-00 Pa g e (cid:1) i Table of Contents page LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................... III LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................... VI 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 1 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................... 1 2.1 Coal Operations ............................................................................................ 1 2.1.1 Coal Delivery ......................................................................................... 1 2.1.2 Land-based Operations Traffic .................................................................... 1 2.1.3 Coal Conveyance ..................................................................................... 2 2.1.4 Dust control ........................................................................................... 2 2.1.4.1 Wetting ..................................................................................................... 2 2.1.4.2 Dust Suppressing Agents ................................................................................. 2 2.1.4.3 Dust Limiting Design ...................................................................................... 3 2.1.5 Barge Loading ........................................................................................ 3 2.1.6 Water-Based Traffic Operations ................................................................... 4 2.2 Agricultural Operations .................................................................................. 4 2.3 Scope of Air Quality Assessment ........................................................................ 5 3. AMBIENT AIR QUALITY OBJECTIVES (AAQOS) ......................................................... 6 4. BACKGROUND AMBIENT AIR QUALITY ................................................................... 7 5. SOURCE EMISSIONS ESTIMATION ....................................................................... 13 5.1 Air Emission Contaminants .............................................................................. 13 5.2 Project Emission Sources ................................................................................ 13 5.3 General Quantification Approach ..................................................................... 15 5.4 Coal Handling Operations ............................................................................... 15 5.4.1 Railcar Unloading ................................................................................... 17 5.4.2 Material Transfer Points ........................................................................... 18 5.4.3 Coal Loading onto Barges .......................................................................... 19 Fraser Surrey Docks Direct Coal Transfer Facility:Air QualityAssessment EE12-1611-00 Pa g e (cid:1) ii 5.4.4 Coal Stockpiles on Railcars and Barges ......................................................... 20 5.4.5 Tugboats .............................................................................................. 21 5.4.6 Rail .................................................................................................... 25 5.5 Agricultural Goods Handling Operation ............................................................... 30 5.5.1 Baghouse Emissions ................................................................................. 32 5.5.2 Material Transfer Points ........................................................................... 34 5.5.1 Loading onto Ships .................................................................................. 35 6. CALMET AND CALPUFF MODELLING METHODOLOGY .............................................. 37 6.1 Domain and Receptors ................................................................................... 37 6.2 CALPUFF Modelling Options ............................................................................ 38 6.3 Deposition (Wet Removal and Dry Deposition) ...................................................... 39 6.3.1 Deposition Methodology ........................................................................... 39 6.4 Source Parameters ....................................................................................... 40 6.5 Conversion from NO to NO ............................................................................ 53 x 2 7. AIR DISPERSION MODELLING RESULTS ................................................................ 54 7.1 Project Emission Sources (FSD) ........................................................................ 54 7.2 Agricultural Emission Sources .......................................................................... 64 7.3 Project (FSD) + Agricultural Emission Sources ...................................................... 73 7.4 Rail and Barge (In Transit) .............................................................................. 82 8. CONCLUSION ................................................................................................ 88 APPENDIX A: CALMET QA/QC .................................................................................. 89 A-1. Local Climate and Meteorology ........................................................................ 90 A-1.1 Temperature ......................................................................................... 90 A-1.2 Wind ................................................................................................... 93 A-1.3 Conclusion from Comparison of Meteorological Data to Climate Normals ................ 98 A-2. Modelling Methodology .................................................................................. 99 A-2.1 Model Selection ..................................................................................... 99 A-2.2 CALMET ............................................................................................... 99 Fraser Surrey Docks Direct Coal Transfer Facility:Air QualityAssessment EE12-1611-00 Pa g e (cid:1) iii List of Figures Figure 4-1 Lower Fraser Valley Air Quality Monitoring Network ....................................... 8 Figure 5-1 Current Fraser Surrey Docks Site Plan ....................................................... 14 Figure 5-2 Coal Handling Operation Process ............................................................. 16 Figure 5-3 Agricultural Goods Handling Operation Process ............................................ 31 Figure 6-1 CALMET and CALPUFF Modelling Domain with Receptor Locations ..................... 38 Figure 6-2 Sources Modelled - FSD Large Area Sources ................................................ 42 Figure 6-3 Sources Modelled - FSD Area and Volume Sources (Zoomed View) ..................... 43 Figure 6-4 Sources Modelled – FSD Cumulative Sources ................................................ 44 Figure 6-5 NO /NO Ratio versus 1-hour Average NO Observations from Metro Vancouver 2 x x Station T18 (Burnaby South) ................................................................... 53 Figure 7-1 Contour Plot of NO Maximum 1-hour Predicted Concentrations with 2 Background ....................................................................................... 56 Figure 7-2 Contour Plot of NO Annual Predicted Concentrations with Background .............. 57 2 Figure 7-3 Contour Plot of PM Maximum 24-hour Predicted Concentrations with 2.5 Background ....................................................................................... 58 Figure 7-4 Contour Plot of PM Annual Predicted Concentrations with Background ............ 59 2.5 Figure 7-5 Contour Plot of PM Maximum 24-hour Predicted Concentrations with 10 Background ....................................................................................... 60 Figure 7-6 Contour Plot of PM Annual Predicted Concentrations with Background ............. 61 10 Figure 7-7 Location of Sensitive Receptors near FSD ................................................... 62 Figure 7-8 Contour Plot of NO Maximum 1-hour Predicted Concentrations with 2 Background ....................................................................................... 66 Figure 7-9 Contour Plot of NO Annual Predicted Concentrations with Background .............. 67 2 Figure 7-10 Contour Plot of PM Maximum 24-hour Predicted Concentrations with 2.5 Background ....................................................................................... 68 Figure 7-11 Contour Plot of PM Annual Predicted Concentrations with Background ............ 69 2.5 Figure 7-12 Contour Plot of PM Maximum 24-hour Predicted Concentrations with 10 Background ....................................................................................... 70 Figure 7-13 Contour Plot of PM Annual Predicted Concentrations with Background ............. 71 10 Figure 7-14 Contour Plot of NO Maximum 1-hour Predicted Concentrations with 2 Background ....................................................................................... 75 Figure 7-15 Contour Plot of NO Annual Predicted Concentrations with Background .............. 76 2 Fraser Surrey Docks Direct Coal Transfer Facility:Air QualityAssessment EE12-1611-00 Pa g e (cid:1) iv Figure 7-16 Contour Plot of PM Maximum 24-hour Predicted Concentrations with 2.5 Background ....................................................................................... 77 Figure 7-17 Contour Plot of PM Annual Predicted Concentrations with Background ............ 78 2.5 Figure 7-18 Contour Plot of PM Maximum 24-hour Predicted Concentrations with 10 Background ....................................................................................... 79 Figure 7-19 Contour Plot of PM Annual Predicted Concentrations with Background ............. 80 10 Figure 7-20 BNSF Lower Mainland Operating Area ....................................................... 83 Figure 7-21 Individual CALPUFF Domains used for the Screening-Level Analysis ................... 84 Figure 7-22 Receptor Layout for the Barge 1 Screening Analysis ...................................... 85 Figure 7-23 Maximum Predicted Concentrations of 24-hour TPM, PM and PM versus 2.5, 10 Distance from Barge 1 .......................................................................... 87 Figure A-1 Temperature Normals for T13 North Delta (1992-2011) .................................. 91 Figure A-2 2000-2001 Temperature Observations for T13 North Delta .............................. 92 Figure A-3 2000-2001 Temperatures Near the FSD Site (Extracted from CALMET Output) ...... 93 Figure A-4 1987- 2011 Wind Rose for T13 North Delta ................................................. 94 Figure A-5 2002 - 2011 Wind Rose for T38 Annacis Island ............................................. 95 Figure A-6 2000-2001 Wind Rose Near the T13 North Delta Station (Extracted from CALMET Output) ................................................................................. 96 Figure A-7 2000-2001 Wind Rose Near the T38 Annacis Island Station (Extracted from CALMET Output) ................................................................................. 97 Figure A-8 2000-2001 Wind Rose Near FSD Site (Extracted from CALMET Output) ................ 98 Figure A-9 Map Displaying the CALMET and CALPUFF Modelling Domain. ......................... 100 Figure A-10 Example wind field generated by CALMET for the 10 m level for the hour ending at 11:00 on November 10, 2000. (The wind speed is denoted by the length of the arrows). ........................................................................ 104 Figure A-11 Frequency distribution of surface (10 m level) winds for surface stations and the near the FSD site (CALMET). ............................................................ 105 Figure A-12 Average monthly wind speeds at surface (10 m level) for surface stations and the FSD site (CALMET). ....................................................................... 106 Figure A-13 Diurnal wind speed distribution of surface (10 m level) winds for surface stations and the FSD site (CALMET). ....................................................... 107 Figure A-14 Monthly temperatures at surface stations and FSD site (CALMET). .................. 108 Figure A-15 Hourly temperatures at surface stations and the FSD site (CALMET). ............... 109 Figure A-16 Frequency distribution of stability classes calculated for Vancouver Airport (YVR) and the FSD site (CALMET) for the modelling period. ........................... 110 Figure A-17 Hourly predicted mixing heights for the FSD site (CALMET). .......................... 111 Fraser Surrey Docks Direct Coal Transfer Facility:Air QualityAssessment EE12-1611-00 Pa g e (cid:1) v Figure A-18 Monthly predicted precipitation totals for the FSD site (CALMET) versus observational data. ........................................................................... 112 Fraser Surrey Docks Direct Coal Transfer Facility:Air QualityAssessment EE12-1611-00 Pa g e (cid:1) vi List of Tables Table 2-1 Estimated Annual Train Movement Resulting from the Direct Coal Transfer Project ............................................................................................. 2 Table 2-2 Estimated Annual Barge Movement Along The Transfer Route ........................... 4 Table 3-1 Metro Vancouver’s Ambient Air Quality Objectives........................................6 Table 3-2 British Columbia Air Quality Objectives for Total Suspended Particulate Matter and Dustfall............................................................................... 7 Table 4-1 Summary of CO Ambient Air Quality Data ................................................... 9 Table 4-2 Summary of NO Ambient Air Quality Data .................................................. 9 2 Table 4-3 Summary of SO Ambient Air Quality Data .................................................. 10 2 Table 4-4 Summary of PM Ambient Air Quality Data ................................................. 10 10 Table 4-5 Summary of PM Ambient Air Quality Data ................................................ 11 2.5 Table 4-6 Summary of the Background Ambient Air Quality Concentrations ...................... 12 Table 5-1 Railcar Unloading – Modelling Parameters and Emission Rates .......................... 17 Table 5-2 Material Transfer Points - Modeling Parameters and Emission Rates .................. 18 Table 5-3 Coal Loading Onto Barges - Modelling Parameters and Emission Rates ................ 19 Table 5-4 Coal Stockpiles on Railcars and Barges – Modelling Parameters and Emission Rates ............................................................................................... 21 Table 5-5 Tugboat Diesel Engine Data ................................................................... 22 Table 5-6 SO and PM Emission Factors for Harbour Tugboats ....................................... 22 x Table 5-7 Emission Factors for Tugboats ................................................................ 23 Table 5-8 Tugboats - Modeling Parameters and Emission Rates ..................................... 24 Table 5-9 Available SW900 Yard Locomotive HP and Fuel Consumption Data .................... 25 Table 5-10 HP Distribution for the SW900, MP15DC and EMD GP9 Yard Locomotives ............. 26 Table 5-11 Yard Switching Locomotive Diesel Engine Data ............................................ 27 Table 5-12 Locomotive Emission Factors .................................................................. 28 Table 5-13 Rail - Modeling Parameters and Emission Rates ............................................ 29 Table 5-14 Baghouse #1 - Modelling Parameters and Emission Rates ................................ 32 Table 5-15 Baghouse #2 - Modelling Parameters and Emission Rates ................................ 33 Table 5-16 Front End Loader Emission Rates ............................................................. 34 Table 5-17 Modeling Parameters and Fugitive Emissions from the Transfer Points ............... 35 Table 5-18 Emissions Associated with Agricultural Good Unloading .................................. 36 Fraser Surrey Docks Direct Coal Transfer Facility:Air QualityAssessment EE12-1611-00 Pa g e (cid:1) vii Table 6-1 Selected Dispersion Options used in CALPUFF Modelling ................................. 39 Table 6-2 Summary of Modelling Parameters and Emission Rates (Project) ....................... 45 Table 6-3 Summary of Modelling Parameters and Emission Rates (Agricultural Scenario #2 for 1-hour and 24-hour, Scenario #1+2 for Annual) .................................... 47 Table 6-4 Assumptions Used to Establish Realistic Worst-Case Scenario Emission Rates for Each Averaging Period (Project) ......................................................... 49 Table 6-5 Assumptions Used to Establish Realistic Worst-Case Scenario Emission Rates for Each Averaging Period (Agricultural) .................................................... 51 Table 7-1 Predicted Air Contaminant Concentrations from All Sources without and with Background Concentrations .................................................................... 55 Table 7-2 Predicted Air Contaminant Concentrations at Sensitive Receptors near FSD with Background (Project) ..................................................................... 63 Table 7-3 Predicted Air Contaminant Concentrations from Agricultural Sources without and with Background Concentrations ........................................................ 65 Table 7-4 Predicted Air Contaminant Concentrations at Sensitive Receptors near FSD with Background (Agricultural Goods Operation) .......................................... 72 Table 7-5 Predicted Air Contaminant Concentrations from All Sources without and with Background Concentrations .................................................................... 74 Table 7-6 Predicted Air Contaminant Concentrations at Sensitive Receptors near FSD with Background (Project + Agricultural) ................................................... 81 Table 7-7 Predicted Air Contaminant Concentrations from the Rail / Barge Screening Analysis without and with Background Concentrations ................................... 86 Table A–1 Heights of CALMET Model Layers ........................................................... 101 Table A–2 Surface Meteorological Stations Used for CALMET Input ............................... 102 Table A–3 Selected CALMET Wind Field Model Options .............................................. 103 Fraser Surrey Docks Direct Coal Transfer Facility:Air QualityAssessment EE12-1611-00