Table Of Content

GLENCOE LANGUAGE ARTS VOCABULARY POWER GRADE 8 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Send all inquiries to: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 8787 Orion Place Columbus, Ohio 43240 ISBN 0-07-826228-3 Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 024 05 04 03 02 01 Glencoe/McGraw-Hill To the Student This Vocabulary Power workbook gives you the practice you need to expand your vocabulary and improve your ability to understand what you read. Each lesson focuses on a single vocabulary concept or on a theme that ties together the list of words in the Word Bank. You then have several opportunities to learn the words by completing exercises on definitions, context clues, and word parts. You can keep track of your own progress and achievement in vocabulary study by using the Student Progress Chart, which appears on page v. With your teacher’s help, you can score your work on any lesson or test. After you know your score, use the Scoring Scale on pages vi–vii to figure your percentage. Then mark your score (or percentage correct) on the Student Progress Chart. Share your Progress Chart with your parents or guardians as your teacher directs. Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. CONTENTS CONTENTS Student Progress Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v Scoring Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vi Unit 1 Lesson 1 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Lesson 2 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Lesson 3 Word Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Lesson 4 Word Families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Lesson 5 Using Reference Skills—Using a Dictionary Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Unit 2 Lesson 6 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Lesson 7 Recognizing Base Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Lesson 8 Prefixes That Mean “not” or “the opposite of” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Lesson 9 Using Reading Skills—Learning from Context: Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Unit 3 Lesson 10 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Lesson 11 Prefixes That Tell Where . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Lesson 12 Greek Word Roots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Lesson 13 Suffixes That Form Nouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Lesson 14 Using Reference Skills—Using a Thesaurus: Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 Unit 4 Lesson 15 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Lesson 16 Using Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Lesson 17 Prefixes That Tell When . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Lesson 18 Using Reading Skills—Learning from Context: Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 Unit 5 Lesson 19 Using Context Clues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 Lesson 20 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 Lesson 21 Latin Word Roots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 Lesson 22 Suffixes That Form Adjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 Lesson 23 Using Reading Skills—Learning from Context: Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Unit 6 Lesson 24 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 Lesson 25 Words from Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Lesson 26 Using Synonyms and Antonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61 Lesson 27 Number Prefixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 Lesson 28 Using Reading Skills—Using a Dictionary: Multiple-Meaning Words . . . . . . . .65 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67 Unit 7 Lesson 29 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69 Lesson 30 Suffixes That Form Verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71 Lesson 31 Compound Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73 Lesson 32 Using Reading Skills—Learning from Context: Comparison and Contrast . . .75 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77 Unit 8 Lesson 33 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79 Lesson 34 Homophones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81 Lesson 35 Borrowed Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83 Lesson 36 Using Test-Taking Skills—Analogies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87 Pronunciation Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Vocabulary Power Grade 8 v Fill in the chart below with your scores, using the scoring scale on the next page. Name: ____________________________ STUDENT PROGRESS CHART STUDENT PROGRESS CHART Lesson Unit Review Unit Test 1 2 3 4 5 Review Test 6 7 8 9 Review Test 10 11 12 13 14 Review Test 15 16 17 18 Review Test 19 20 21 22 Review Test 23 24 25 26 27 28 Review Test 29 30 31 32 Review Test 33 34 35 36 Review Test Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. SCORING SCALE SCORING SCALE vi Grade 8 Vocabulary Power Use this scale to find your score. Line up the number of items with the number correct. For example, if 15 out of 16 items are correct, the score is 93.7 percent (see grayed area). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1 100 2 50 100 3 33.3 66.7 100 4 25 50 75 100 5 20 40 60 80 100 6 16.7 33.3 50 66.7 83.3 100 7 14.3 28.6 42.9 57.1 71.4 85.7 100 8 12.5 25 37.5 50 62.5 75 87.5 100 9 11.1 22.2 33.3 44.4 55.6 66.7 77.8 88.9 100 10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 11 9.1 18.1 27.2 36.3 45.4 54.5 63.6 72.7 81.8 90.9 100 12 8.3 16.7 25 33.3 41.7 50 58.3 66.7 75 83.3 91.7 100 13 7.7 15.3 23.1 30.8 38.5 46.1 53.8 61.5 69.2 76.9 84.6 92.3 100 14 7.1 14.3 21.4 28.6 35.7 42.8 50 57.1 64.3 71.4 78.5 85.7 92.8 100 15 6.7 13.3 20 26.7 33.3 40 46.6 53.3 60 66.7 73.3 80 86.7 93.3 100 16 6.3 12.5 18.8 25 31.2 37.5 43.7 50 56.2 62.5 68.7 75 81.2 87.5 93.7 100 17 5.9 11.8 17.6 23.5 29.4 35.3 41.2 47 52.9 58.8 64.7 70.6 76.5 82.3 88.2 94.1 100 18 5.6 11.1 16.7 22.2 27.8 33.3 38.9 44.4 50 55.5 61.1 66.7 72.2 77.8 83.3 88.9 94.4 100 19 5.3 10.5 15.8 21.2 26.3 31.6 36.8 42.1 47.4 52.6 57.9 63.1 68.4 73.7 78.9 84.2 89.4 94.7 100 20 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 85 80 85 90 95 100 21 4.8 9.5 14.3 19 23.8 28.6 33.3 38.1 42.8 47.6 52.3 57.1 61.9 66.7 71.4 76.1 80.9 85.7 90.5 95.2 22 4.5 9.1 13.7 18.2 22.7 27.3 31.8 36.4 40.9 45.4 50 54.5 59.1 63.6 68.1 72.7 77.2 81.8 86.4 90.9 23 4.3 8.7 13.0 17.4 21.7 26.1 30.4 34.8 39.1 43.5 47.8 52.1 56.5 60.8 65.2 69.5 73.9 78.3 82.6 86.9 24 4.7 8.3 12.5 16.7 20.8 25 29.2 33.3 37.5 41.7 45.8 50 54.2 58.3 62.5 66.7 70.8 75 79.1 83.3 25 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 26 3.8 7.7 11.5 15.4 19.2 23.1 26.9 30.4 34.6 38.5 42.3 46.2 50 53.8 57.7 61.5 65.4 69.2 73.1 76.9 27 3.7 7.4 11.1 14.8 18.5 22.2 25.9 29.6 33.3 37 40.7 44.4 48.1 51.9 55.6 59.2 63 66.7 70.4 74.1 28 3.6 7.1 10.7 14.3 17.9 21.4 25 28.6 32.1 35.7 39.3 42.9 46.4 50 53.6 57.1 60.7 64.3 67.9 71.4 29 3.4 6.9 10.3 13.8 17.2 20.7 24.1 27.6 31 34.5 37.9 41.4 44.8 48.3 51.7 55.2 58.6 62.1 65.5 69 30 3.3 6.7 10 13.3 16.7 20 23.3 26.7 30 33.3 36.7 40 43.3 46.7 50 53.3 56.7 60 63.3 66.7 31 3.2 6.5 9.7 13 16.1 19.3 22.3 25.8 29.0 32.2 35.4 38.7 41.9 45.1 48.3 51.6 54.8 58 61.2 64.5 32 3.1 6.3 9.4 12.5 15.6 18.8 21.9 25 28.1 31.3 34.4 37.5 40.6 43.8 46.9 50 53.1 56.2 59.4 62.5 33 3 6 9 12 15.1 18.1 21.2 24.2 27.2 30.3 33 36.3 39.3 42.4 45.4 48.4 51.5 54.5 57.5 60.6 34 2.9 5.9 8.8 11.8 14.7 17.6 20.6 23.5 26.5 29.4 32.4 35.3 38.2 41.2 44.1 47.1 50 52.9 55.9 58.8 35 2.9 5.7 8.6 11.4 14.3 17.1 20 22.9 25.7 28.6 31.4 34.3 37.1 40 42.9 45.7 48.6 51.4 54.3 57.1 36 2.8 5.6 8.3 11.1 13.9 16.7 19.4 22.2 25 27.8 30.6 33.3 36.1 38.9 41.7 44.4 47.2 50 52.7 55.6 37 2.7 5.4 8.1 10.8 13.5 17.1 18.9 21.6 24.3 27 29.7 32.4 35.1 37.8 40 43.2 45.9 48.6 51.4 54 38 2.6 5.3 7.9 10.5 13.2 15.8 18.4 21.1 23.7 26.3 28.9 31.6 34.2 36.8 39.5 42.1 44.7 47.4 50 52.6 39 2.6 5.3 7.7 10.3 12.8 15.4 17.9 20.5 23.1 25.6 28.2 30.8 33.3 35.9 38.5 41.0 43.6 46.2 48.7 51.3 40 2.5 5 7.5 10 12.5 15 17.5 20 22.5 25 27.5 30 32.5 35 37.5 40 42.5 45 47.5 50 Number Correct Number of Items Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Vocabulary Power Grade 8 vii 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 100 22 95.4 100 23 91.3 95.6 100 24 87.5 91.6 95.8 100 25 84 88 92 96 100 26 80.8 84.6 88.5 92.3 96.2 100 27 77.8 81.5 85.2 88.9 92.6 96.3 100 28 75 78.6 82.1 85.7 89.3 92.9 96.4 100 29 72.4 75.9 79.3 82.8 86.2 89.7 93.1 96.6 100 30 70 73.3 76.7 80 83.3 86.7 90 93.3 96.7 100 31 67.7 70.9 74.2 77.4 80.6 83.9 87.1 90.3 93.5 96.7 100 32 65.6 68.8 71.9 75 78.1 81.2 84.4 87.5 90.6 93.8 96.9 100 33 63.6 66.7 69.7 72.7 75.8 78.8 81.8 84.8 87.8 90.9 93.9 96.9 100 34 61.8 64.7 67.6 70.6 73.5 76.5 79.3 82.4 85.3 88.2 91.2 94.1 97.1 100 35 60 62.9 65.7 68.9 71.4 74.3 77.1 80 82.9 85.7 88.6 91.4 94.3 97.1 100 36 58.3 61.1 63.8 66.7 69.4 72.2 75 77.8 80.6 85.7 86.1 88.9 91.7 94.9 97.2 100 37 56.8 59.5 62.2 64.9 67.6 70.3 72.9 75.7 78.4 81.1 83.8 86.5 89.2 91.9 94.6 97.3 100 38 55.3 57.9 60.5 63.2 65.8 68.4 71.2 73.7 76.3 78.9 81.6 84.2 86.8 89.5 92.1 94.7 97.3 100 39 53.8 56.4 58.9 61.5 64.1 66.7 69.2 71.8 74.4 76.9 79.5 82.1 84.6 87.2 89.7 92.3 94.9 97.4 100 40 52.5 55 57.5 60 62.5 65 67.5 70 72.5 75 77.5 80 82.5 85 87.5 90 92.5 95 97.5 100 Number Correct Number of Items Name ���������������������������������������������������������� Date ��������������������������� Class ������������������� Vocabulary Power Unit 1, Lesson 1 1 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Lesson 1 Using Synonyms Home is a place that contains many kinds of memories—some good, some painful, some humorous, some sad. Different kinds of memories help make up our idea of home. In this lesson, you’ll learn some words to use when you want to talk about what home means to you. Synonyms Synonyms are words with similar meanings. Each boldfaced word below is paired with a synonym whose meaning you probably know. Think of other words related to the synonym and write them on the line provided. Then, look up the word in a dictionary and write its meaning. 1. perish : die Dictionary definition 2. woe : sadness Dictionary definition 3. tranquillity : peacefulness Dictionary definition 4. lurch : stagger Dictionary definition 5. hysteria : uncontrollable emotion Dictionary definition 6. humility : lack of pride Dictionary definition 7. anonymous : unknown Dictionary definition 8. awed : admiring Dictionary definition EXERCISE A Word List anonymous hysteria tranquillity wholesome awed lurch valid woe humility perish continued 2 Unit 1, Lesson 1 Vocabulary Power Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 9. wholesome : healthy Dictionary definition 10. valid : proper Dictionary definition Sentence Completion Write the vocabulary word that best completes each sentence. 1. Despite her impressive accomplishments, the scientist kept her attitude of ________________. 2. We were definitely ________________ the first time we visited the Capitol Building in Washington, D.C. 3. “My heart is broken,” sighed the heroine of the drama, “and I know I shall ________________ before the sun rises.” 4. Anyone who wishes to try out for the soccer team must have a(n) ________________ certificate of good health from a doctor. 5. The Bosnian people suffered much ________________ in the brutal war. 6. As the asteroid approached Earth, the people’s ________________ grew. 7. The engine started at last and the moped began to ________________ forward. 8. The person who donated $10,000 wished to remain ________________. 9. It’s important that the food you eat is ________________ and fresh. 10. After an especially busy day, I enjoy the ________________ of lying on my bed listening to some quiet music. EXERCISE B Name ���������������������������������������������������������� Date ��������������������������� Class ������������������� Name ���������������������������������������������������������� Date ��������������������������� Class ������������������� Vocabulary Power Unit 1, Lesson 2 3 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Lesson 2 Using Synonyms As Dorothy learned in The Wizard of Oz, there really is no place like home. One of the reasons each home is unique is that each person who helps create a home is unique. The words in this lesson relate to the special place we call home. Synonyms Each boldfaced word below is paired with a synonym whose meaning you probably know. Think of other words related to the synonym and write them on the line provided. Then, look up the word in a dictionary and write its meaning. 1. taunt : tease Dictionary definition 2. indifference : lack of preference Dictionary definition 3. commence : begin Dictionary definition 4. meager : thin Dictionary definition 5. simultaneous : at the same time Dictionary definition 6. urban : city Dictionary definition 7. varied : different Dictionary definition 8. alliance : association Dictionary definition EXERCISE A Word List alliance indifference simultaneous urban alternative meager taunt varied commence portray continued 4 Unit 1, Lesson 2 Vocabulary Power Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 9. alternative : choice Dictionary definition 10. portray : picture Dictionary definition Sentence Completion Write the vocabulary word that best completes the sentence. 1. Because the two soccer games were ________________, we could not watch them both. 2. “What time does the movie ________________?” Jason asked, worried about being late. 3. Whether Shawna comes to the party is a matter of complete ________________ to most of the club members. 4. The two countries formed a secret ________________ to defend each other in case of military attack. 5. The menu choices were extremely ________________. I found several things I wanted to order. Usage Answer the questions based on your understanding of the boldfaced word. 1. Do you think a meager meal would satisfy you if you were very hungry? Why or why not? 2. What are some advantages to living in an urban setting? What are some disadvantages? 3. How would you respond if someone were to taunt you at school? 4. Name a film, TV show, or book that you feel accurately portrays teenage life. Why did you choose this particular film, TV show, or book? 5. What do you feel is a good alternative to settling disputes with violence? Explain your answer. EXERCISE C EXERCISE B Name ���������������������������������������������������������� Date ��������������������������� Class ������������������� Name ���������������������������������������������������������� Date ��������������������������� Class ������������������� Vocabulary Power Unit 1, Lesson 3 5 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Lesson 3 Word Parts The main meaning of a word is contained in its root or base word. Base words are roots that are com- plete words. Prefixes can be affixed to the beginning and suffixes to the end of the root to change its meaning. Knowing the meanings of word roots, prefixes, and suffixes can help you make an educated guess about the meaning of a new word. In this lesson, you’ll identify some common roots, prefixes, and suffixes and learn how they work together to give meaning to words. Word Association Read the clues. Then, answer the question. 1. The root of mutation comes from mutare, the Latin word for “change.” If you add the noun suffix -ion to this root, what might be the word’s meaning? 2. Certain suffixes can change the part of speech of a word root. For example, -ate placed at the end of a root forms a verb. How would you define mutate? 3. The suffix -ion makes a root a noun. To perceive is “to observe.” If you add the suffix -ion, what might perception mean? 4. Prefixes can be affixed to the beginning of roots to change their meanings. The root jour/journ means “day.” Adding the Latin prefix ad-, meaning “to” or “toward,” creates the word adjourn, which probably means 5. Some words are formed without prefixes or suffixes by combining two roots. The Greek root anthrop/anthropo means “human being.” The root logy comes from the Greek word for “word” and now means “study” or “science.” What is anthropology? EXERCISE A Word List adjourn dramatize mutation precedence anthropology monotonous perception secluded circumnavigate mutate continued 6 Unit 1, Lesson 3 Vocabulary Power Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 6. The prefix mono- means “one.” The Greek root ton means “tone” or “sound.” The suffix -ous forms an adjective. If someone’s speech is monotonous, how might you describe it? 7. The Latin word for boat is navis. Adding a verb suffix to this root forms the word navigate. If the Latin prefix circum- means “around,” what might you be doing if you circumnavigate the world? 8. Some words have both prefixes and suffixes added to roots. The root cede/cess comes from the Latin for “go.” Pre- is a prefix meaning “before,” while -ence is a noun suffix. What might the word precedence mean? 9. Another verb suffix is -ize. Our word root drama means the same as the Greek word drama, which comes from the word for “do” or “act.” What would you do if you were to dramatize a story? 10. The root clude comes from the Latin word for “close.” The prefix se- means “apart” or “away from.” If a cabin is secluded, what other words could you use to describe it? Word Webs Choose a root, prefix, and suffix from those you learned about in this lesson. On a separate sheet of paper, draw three word webs like the one shown below. In the first, write the root. In the next two webs, write the prefix and suffix. Fill in the “rays” with as many words as you can that contain that root, prefix, or suffix. Then, exchange webs with a partner and discuss the meanings of the words you have listed. EXERCISE B Name ���������������������������������������������������������� Date ��������������������������� Class ������������������� Name ���������������������������������������������������������� Date ��������������������������� Class ������������������� Vocabulary Power Unit 1, Lesson 4 7 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Lesson 4 Word Families Word families are groups of words that contain the same roots or base words. Base words are roots that are complete words. The root or base word gives a word its main meaning. A prefix or suffix com- bined with the root or base word gives it a different meaning. In this lesson, you’ll learn words in the same word families. Base Words and Word Roots Look up each boldfaced word in a dictionary and write its meaning. Then, use the information in the dictionary entry to underline the root or base word. 1. rebellious 2. belligerent 3. doctrine 4. document 5. levity 6. levitate 7. initiative 8. itinerary 9. impulsive 10. compel Sentence Completion Write the vocabulary word that best completes the sentence. 1. Ms. Jackson said she was proud of the class for taking the ________________ in solving the problem of litter around the school building and sports fields. 2. The clowns’ performance ended the evening on a note of ________________, very different from the show’s sober beginning. EXERCISE B EXERCISE A Word List belligerent document itinerary levity compel impulsive levitate rebellious doctrine initiative

ebook img

Vocabulary Power Workbook, Grade 8 - Glencoe PDF

100 Pages·2002·0.96 MB·English
by  
#glencoe #vocabulary power
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download
Upgrade Premium
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.

Preview Vocabulary Power Workbook, Grade 8 - Glencoe

GLENCOE LANGUAGE ARTS VOCABULARY POWER GRADE 8 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Send all inquiries to: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 8787 Orion Place Columbus, Ohio 43240 ISBN 0-07-826228-3 Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 024 05 04 03 02 01 Glencoe/McGraw-Hill To the Student This Vocabulary Power workbook gives you the practice you need to expand your vocabulary and improve your ability to understand what you read. Each lesson focuses on a single vocabulary concept or on a theme that ties together the list of words in the Word Bank. You then have several opportunities to learn the words by completing exercises on definitions, context clues, and word parts. You can keep track of your own progress and achievement in vocabulary study by using the Student Progress Chart, which appears on page v. With your teacher’s help, you can score your work on any lesson or test. After you know your score, use the Scoring Scale on pages vi–vii to figure your percentage. Then mark your score (or percentage correct) on the Student Progress Chart. Share your Progress Chart with your parents or guardians as your teacher directs. Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. CONTENTS CONTENTS Student Progress Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v Scoring Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vi Unit 1 Lesson 1 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Lesson 2 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Lesson 3 Word Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Lesson 4 Word Families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Lesson 5 Using Reference Skills—Using a Dictionary Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Unit 2 Lesson 6 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Lesson 7 Recognizing Base Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Lesson 8 Prefixes That Mean “not” or “the opposite of” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Lesson 9 Using Reading Skills—Learning from Context: Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Unit 3 Lesson 10 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Lesson 11 Prefixes That Tell Where . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Lesson 12 Greek Word Roots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Lesson 13 Suffixes That Form Nouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Lesson 14 Using Reference Skills—Using a Thesaurus: Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 Unit 4 Lesson 15 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Lesson 16 Using Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Lesson 17 Prefixes That Tell When . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Lesson 18 Using Reading Skills—Learning from Context: Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 Unit 5 Lesson 19 Using Context Clues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 Lesson 20 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 Lesson 21 Latin Word Roots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 Lesson 22 Suffixes That Form Adjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 Lesson 23 Using Reading Skills—Learning from Context: Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Unit 6 Lesson 24 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 Lesson 25 Words from Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Lesson 26 Using Synonyms and Antonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61 Lesson 27 Number Prefixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 Lesson 28 Using Reading Skills—Using a Dictionary: Multiple-Meaning Words . . . . . . . .65 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67 Unit 7 Lesson 29 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69 Lesson 30 Suffixes That Form Verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71 Lesson 31 Compound Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73 Lesson 32 Using Reading Skills—Learning from Context: Comparison and Contrast . . .75 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77 Unit 8 Lesson 33 Using Synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79 Lesson 34 Homophones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81 Lesson 35 Borrowed Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83 Lesson 36 Using Test-Taking Skills—Analogies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87 Pronunciation Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Vocabulary Power Grade 8 v Fill in the chart below with your scores, using the scoring scale on the next page. Name: ____________________________ STUDENT PROGRESS CHART STUDENT PROGRESS CHART Lesson Unit Review Unit Test 1 2 3 4 5 Review Test 6 7 8 9 Review Test 10 11 12 13 14 Review Test 15 16 17 18 Review Test 19 20 21 22 Review Test 23 24 25 26 27 28 Review Test 29 30 31 32 Review Test 33 34 35 36 Review Test Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. SCORING SCALE SCORING SCALE vi Grade 8 Vocabulary Power Use this scale to find your score. Line up the number of items with the number correct. For example, if 15 out of 16 items are correct, the score is 93.7 percent (see grayed area). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1 100 2 50 100 3 33.3 66.7 100 4 25 50 75 100 5 20 40 60 80 100 6 16.7 33.3 50 66.7 83.3 100 7 14.3 28.6 42.9 57.1 71.4 85.7 100 8 12.5 25 37.5 50 62.5 75 87.5 100 9 11.1 22.2 33.3 44.4 55.6 66.7 77.8 88.9 100 10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 11 9.1 18.1 27.2 36.3 45.4 54.5 63.6 72.7 81.8 90.9 100 12 8.3 16.7 25 33.3 41.7 50 58.3 66.7 75 83.3 91.7 100 13 7.7 15.3 23.1 30.8 38.5 46.1 53.8 61.5 69.2 76.9 84.6 92.3 100 14 7.1 14.3 21.4 28.6 35.7 42.8 50 57.1 64.3 71.4 78.5 85.7 92.8 100 15 6.7 13.3 20 26.7 33.3 40 46.6 53.3 60 66.7 73.3 80 86.7 93.3 100 16 6.3 12.5 18.8 25 31.2 37.5 43.7 50 56.2 62.5 68.7 75 81.2 87.5 93.7 100 17 5.9 11.8 17.6 23.5 29.4 35.3 41.2 47 52.9 58.8 64.7 70.6 76.5 82.3 88.2 94.1 100 18 5.6 11.1 16.7 22.2 27.8 33.3 38.9 44.4 50 55.5 61.1 66.7 72.2 77.8 83.3 88.9 94.4 100 19 5.3 10.5 15.8 21.2 26.3 31.6 36.8 42.1 47.4 52.6 57.9 63.1 68.4 73.7 78.9 84.2 89.4 94.7 100 20 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 85 80 85 90 95 100 21 4.8 9.5 14.3 19 23.8 28.6 33.3 38.1 42.8 47.6 52.3 57.1 61.9 66.7 71.4 76.1 80.9 85.7 90.5 95.2 22 4.5 9.1 13.7 18.2 22.7 27.3 31.8 36.4 40.9 45.4 50 54.5 59.1 63.6 68.1 72.7 77.2 81.8 86.4 90.9 23 4.3 8.7 13.0 17.4 21.7 26.1 30.4 34.8 39.1 43.5 47.8 52.1 56.5 60.8 65.2 69.5 73.9 78.3 82.6 86.9 24 4.7 8.3 12.5 16.7 20.8 25 29.2 33.3 37.5 41.7 45.8 50 54.2 58.3 62.5 66.7 70.8 75 79.1 83.3 25 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 26 3.8 7.7 11.5 15.4 19.2 23.1 26.9 30.4 34.6 38.5 42.3 46.2 50 53.8 57.7 61.5 65.4 69.2 73.1 76.9 27 3.7 7.4 11.1 14.8 18.5 22.2 25.9 29.6 33.3 37 40.7 44.4 48.1 51.9 55.6 59.2 63 66.7 70.4 74.1 28 3.6 7.1 10.7 14.3 17.9 21.4 25 28.6 32.1 35.7 39.3 42.9 46.4 50 53.6 57.1 60.7 64.3 67.9 71.4 29 3.4 6.9 10.3 13.8 17.2 20.7 24.1 27.6 31 34.5 37.9 41.4 44.8 48.3 51.7 55.2 58.6 62.1 65.5 69 30 3.3 6.7 10 13.3 16.7 20 23.3 26.7 30 33.3 36.7 40 43.3 46.7 50 53.3 56.7 60 63.3 66.7 31 3.2 6.5 9.7 13 16.1 19.3 22.3 25.8 29.0 32.2 35.4 38.7 41.9 45.1 48.3 51.6 54.8 58 61.2 64.5 32 3.1 6.3 9.4 12.5 15.6 18.8 21.9 25 28.1 31.3 34.4 37.5 40.6 43.8 46.9 50 53.1 56.2 59.4 62.5 33 3 6 9 12 15.1 18.1 21.2 24.2 27.2 30.3 33 36.3 39.3 42.4 45.4 48.4 51.5 54.5 57.5 60.6 34 2.9 5.9 8.8 11.8 14.7 17.6 20.6 23.5 26.5 29.4 32.4 35.3 38.2 41.2 44.1 47.1 50 52.9 55.9 58.8 35 2.9 5.7 8.6 11.4 14.3 17.1 20 22.9 25.7 28.6 31.4 34.3 37.1 40 42.9 45.7 48.6 51.4 54.3 57.1 36 2.8 5.6 8.3 11.1 13.9 16.7 19.4 22.2 25 27.8 30.6 33.3 36.1 38.9 41.7 44.4 47.2 50 52.7 55.6 37 2.7 5.4 8.1 10.8 13.5 17.1 18.9 21.6 24.3 27 29.7 32.4 35.1 37.8 40 43.2 45.9 48.6 51.4 54 38 2.6 5.3 7.9 10.5 13.2 15.8 18.4 21.1 23.7 26.3 28.9 31.6 34.2 36.8 39.5 42.1 44.7 47.4 50 52.6 39 2.6 5.3 7.7 10.3 12.8 15.4 17.9 20.5 23.1 25.6 28.2 30.8 33.3 35.9 38.5 41.0 43.6 46.2 48.7 51.3 40 2.5 5 7.5 10 12.5 15 17.5 20 22.5 25 27.5 30 32.5 35 37.5 40 42.5 45 47.5 50 Number Correct Number of Items Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Vocabulary Power Grade 8 vii 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 100 22 95.4 100 23 91.3 95.6 100 24 87.5 91.6 95.8 100 25 84 88 92 96 100 26 80.8 84.6 88.5 92.3 96.2 100 27 77.8 81.5 85.2 88.9 92.6 96.3 100 28 75 78.6 82.1 85.7 89.3 92.9 96.4 100 29 72.4 75.9 79.3 82.8 86.2 89.7 93.1 96.6 100 30 70 73.3 76.7 80 83.3 86.7 90 93.3 96.7 100 31 67.7 70.9 74.2 77.4 80.6 83.9 87.1 90.3 93.5 96.7 100 32 65.6 68.8 71.9 75 78.1 81.2 84.4 87.5 90.6 93.8 96.9 100 33 63.6 66.7 69.7 72.7 75.8 78.8 81.8 84.8 87.8 90.9 93.9 96.9 100 34 61.8 64.7 67.6 70.6 73.5 76.5 79.3 82.4 85.3 88.2 91.2 94.1 97.1 100 35 60 62.9 65.7 68.9 71.4 74.3 77.1 80 82.9 85.7 88.6 91.4 94.3 97.1 100 36 58.3 61.1 63.8 66.7 69.4 72.2 75 77.8 80.6 85.7 86.1 88.9 91.7 94.9 97.2 100 37 56.8 59.5 62.2 64.9 67.6 70.3 72.9 75.7 78.4 81.1 83.8 86.5 89.2 91.9 94.6 97.3 100 38 55.3 57.9 60.5 63.2 65.8 68.4 71.2 73.7 76.3 78.9 81.6 84.2 86.8 89.5 92.1 94.7 97.3 100 39 53.8 56.4 58.9 61.5 64.1 66.7 69.2 71.8 74.4 76.9 79.5 82.1 84.6 87.2 89.7 92.3 94.9 97.4 100 40 52.5 55 57.5 60 62.5 65 67.5 70 72.5 75 77.5 80 82.5 85 87.5 90 92.5 95 97.5 100 Number Correct Number of Items Name ���������������������������������������������������������� Date ��������������������������� Class ������������������� Vocabulary Power Unit 1, Lesson 1 1 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Lesson 1 Using Synonyms Home is a place that contains many kinds of memories—some good, some painful, some humorous, some sad. Different kinds of memories help make up our idea of home. In this lesson, you’ll learn some words to use when you want to talk about what home means to you. Synonyms Synonyms are words with similar meanings. Each boldfaced word below is paired with a synonym whose meaning you probably know. Think of other words related to the synonym and write them on the line provided. Then, look up the word in a dictionary and write its meaning. 1. perish : die Dictionary definition 2. woe : sadness Dictionary definition 3. tranquillity : peacefulness Dictionary definition 4. lurch : stagger Dictionary definition 5. hysteria : uncontrollable emotion Dictionary definition 6. humility : lack of pride Dictionary definition 7. anonymous : unknown Dictionary definition 8. awed : admiring Dictionary definition EXERCISE A Word List anonymous hysteria tranquillity wholesome awed lurch valid woe humility perish continued 2 Unit 1, Lesson 1 Vocabulary Power Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 9. wholesome : healthy Dictionary definition 10. valid : proper Dictionary definition Sentence Completion Write the vocabulary word that best completes each sentence. 1. Despite her impressive accomplishments, the scientist kept her attitude of ________________. 2. We were definitely ________________ the first time we visited the Capitol Building in Washington, D.C. 3. “My heart is broken,” sighed the heroine of the drama, “and I know I shall ________________ before the sun rises.” 4. Anyone who wishes to try out for the soccer team must have a(n) ________________ certificate of good health from a doctor. 5. The Bosnian people suffered much ________________ in the brutal war. 6. As the asteroid approached Earth, the people’s ________________ grew. 7. The engine started at last and the moped began to ________________ forward. 8. The person who donated $10,000 wished to remain ________________. 9. It’s important that the food you eat is ________________ and fresh. 10. After an especially busy day, I enjoy the ________________ of lying on my bed listening to some quiet music. EXERCISE B Name ���������������������������������������������������������� Date ��������������������������� Class ������������������� Name ���������������������������������������������������������� Date ��������������������������� Class ������������������� Vocabulary Power Unit 1, Lesson 2 3 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Lesson 2 Using Synonyms As Dorothy learned in The Wizard of Oz, there really is no place like home. One of the reasons each home is unique is that each person who helps create a home is unique. The words in this lesson relate to the special place we call home. Synonyms Each boldfaced word below is paired with a synonym whose meaning you probably know. Think of other words related to the synonym and write them on the line provided. Then, look up the word in a dictionary and write its meaning. 1. taunt : tease Dictionary definition 2. indifference : lack of preference Dictionary definition 3. commence : begin Dictionary definition 4. meager : thin Dictionary definition 5. simultaneous : at the same time Dictionary definition 6. urban : city Dictionary definition 7. varied : different Dictionary definition 8. alliance : association Dictionary definition EXERCISE A Word List alliance indifference simultaneous urban alternative meager taunt varied commence portray continued 4 Unit 1, Lesson 2 Vocabulary Power Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 9. alternative : choice Dictionary definition 10. portray : picture Dictionary definition Sentence Completion Write the vocabulary word that best completes the sentence. 1. Because the two soccer games were ________________, we could not watch them both. 2. “What time does the movie ________________?” Jason asked, worried about being late. 3. Whether Shawna comes to the party is a matter of complete ________________ to most of the club members. 4. The two countries formed a secret ________________ to defend each other in case of military attack. 5. The menu choices were extremely ________________. I found several things I wanted to order. Usage Answer the questions based on your understanding of the boldfaced word. 1. Do you think a meager meal would satisfy you if you were very hungry? Why or why not? 2. What are some advantages to living in an urban setting? What are some disadvantages? 3. How would you respond if someone were to taunt you at school? 4. Name a film, TV show, or book that you feel accurately portrays teenage life. Why did you choose this particular film, TV show, or book? 5. What do you feel is a good alternative to settling disputes with violence? Explain your answer. EXERCISE C EXERCISE B Name ���������������������������������������������������������� Date ��������������������������� Class ������������������� Name ���������������������������������������������������������� Date ��������������������������� Class ������������������� Vocabulary Power Unit 1, Lesson 3 5 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Lesson 3 Word Parts The main meaning of a word is contained in its root or base word. Base words are roots that are com- plete words. Prefixes can be affixed to the beginning and suffixes to the end of the root to change its meaning. Knowing the meanings of word roots, prefixes, and suffixes can help you make an educated guess about the meaning of a new word. In this lesson, you’ll identify some common roots, prefixes, and suffixes and learn how they work together to give meaning to words. Word Association Read the clues. Then, answer the question. 1. The root of mutation comes from mutare, the Latin word for “change.” If you add the noun suffix -ion to this root, what might be the word’s meaning? 2. Certain suffixes can change the part of speech of a word root. For example, -ate placed at the end of a root forms a verb. How would you define mutate? 3. The suffix -ion makes a root a noun. To perceive is “to observe.” If you add the suffix -ion, what might perception mean? 4. Prefixes can be affixed to the beginning of roots to change their meanings. The root jour/journ means “day.” Adding the Latin prefix ad-, meaning “to” or “toward,” creates the word adjourn, which probably means 5. Some words are formed without prefixes or suffixes by combining two roots. The Greek root anthrop/anthropo means “human being.” The root logy comes from the Greek word for “word” and now means “study” or “science.” What is anthropology? EXERCISE A Word List adjourn dramatize mutation precedence anthropology monotonous perception secluded circumnavigate mutate continued 6 Unit 1, Lesson 3 Vocabulary Power Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 6. The prefix mono- means “one.” The Greek root ton means “tone” or “sound.” The suffix -ous forms an adjective. If someone’s speech is monotonous, how might you describe it? 7. The Latin word for boat is navis. Adding a verb suffix to this root forms the word navigate. If the Latin prefix circum- means “around,” what might you be doing if you circumnavigate the world? 8. Some words have both prefixes and suffixes added to roots. The root cede/cess comes from the Latin for “go.” Pre- is a prefix meaning “before,” while -ence is a noun suffix. What might the word precedence mean? 9. Another verb suffix is -ize. Our word root drama means the same as the Greek word drama, which comes from the word for “do” or “act.” What would you do if you were to dramatize a story? 10. The root clude comes from the Latin word for “close.” The prefix se- means “apart” or “away from.” If a cabin is secluded, what other words could you use to describe it? Word Webs Choose a root, prefix, and suffix from those you learned about in this lesson. On a separate sheet of paper, draw three word webs like the one shown below. In the first, write the root. In the next two webs, write the prefix and suffix. Fill in the “rays” with as many words as you can that contain that root, prefix, or suffix. Then, exchange webs with a partner and discuss the meanings of the words you have listed. EXERCISE B Name ���������������������������������������������������������� Date ��������������������������� Class ������������������� Name ���������������������������������������������������������� Date ��������������������������� Class ������������������� Vocabulary Power Unit 1, Lesson 4 7 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Lesson 4 Word Families Word families are groups of words that contain the same roots or base words. Base words are roots that are complete words. The root or base word gives a word its main meaning. A prefix or suffix com- bined with the root or base word gives it a different meaning. In this lesson, you’ll learn words in the same word families. Base Words and Word Roots Look up each boldfaced word in a dictionary and write its meaning. Then, use the information in the dictionary entry to underline the root or base word. 1. rebellious 2. belligerent 3. doctrine 4. document 5. levity 6. levitate 7. initiative 8. itinerary 9. impulsive 10. compel Sentence Completion Write the vocabulary word that best completes the sentence. 1. Ms. Jackson said she was proud of the class for taking the ________________ in solving the problem of litter around the school building and sports fields. 2. The clowns’ performance ended the evening on a note of ________________, very different from the show’s sober beginning. EXERCISE B EXERCISE A Word List belligerent document itinerary levity compel impulsive levitate rebellious doctrine initiative

See more

The list of books you might like

Upgrade Premium
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.
DMCA & Copyright: Dear all, most of the website is community built, users are uploading hundred of books everyday, which makes really hard for us to identify copyrighted material, please contact us if you want any material removed.
Copyright @ PDFdrive.to, 2022 | We love our users