Lecture Notes in Computer Science 5188 CommencedPublicationin1973 FoundingandFormerSeriesEditors: GerhardGoos,JurisHartmanis,andJanvanLeeuwen EditorialBoard DavidHutchison LancasterUniversity,UK TakeoKanade CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JosefKittler UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,UK JonM.Kleinberg CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY,USA AlfredKobsa UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,CA,USA FriedemannMattern ETHZurich,Switzerland JohnC.Mitchell StanfordUniversity,CA,USA MoniNaor WeizmannInstituteofScience,Rehovot,Israel OscarNierstrasz UniversityofBern,Switzerland C.PanduRangan IndianInstituteofTechnology,Madras,India BernhardSteffen UniversityofDortmund,Germany MadhuSudan MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,MA,USA DemetriTerzopoulos UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,CA,USA DougTygar UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,USA GerhardWeikum Max-PlanckInstituteofComputerScience,Saarbruecken,Germany Monica Sebillo Giuliana Vitiello Gerald Schaefer (Eds.) Visual Information Systems Web-Based Visual Information Search and Management 10th International Conference, VISUAL 2008 Salerno, Italy, September 11-12, 2008 Proceedings 1 3 VolumeEditors MonicaSebillo GiulianaVitiello UniversitàdiSalerno DipartimentodiMatematicaeInformatica ViaPontedonMelillo,84084Fisciano(SA),Italy E-mail:{msebillo,gvitiello}@unisa.it GeraldSchaefer AstonUniversity SchoolofEngineeringandAppliedScience AstonTriangle,BirminghamB47ET,UK E-mail:[email protected] LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2008934331 CRSubjectClassification(1998):I.4,I.5,I.2.10,I.2.6-8,I.3,H.2.8,H.3,H.5 LNCSSublibrary:SL6–ImageProcessing,ComputerVision,PatternRecognition, andGraphics ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN-10 3-540-85890-3SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork ISBN-13 978-3-540-85890-4SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Violationsareliable toprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. SpringerisapartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia springer.com ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2008 PrintedinGermany Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyScientificPublishingServices,Chennai,India Printedonacid-freepaper SPIN:12522781 06/3180 543210 Preface The international conference series on Visual Information Systems (VISUAL) originatesfromtheideathattheexchangeofviews,resultsandexperienceswould allowresearchersandpractitionersworkingintheareaofvisualinformationsys- temstoaddresscommonproblemsmoreeffectively.Followingthesuccessofpre- vious editions held in Melbourne (1996), San Diego (1997), Amsterdam (1999), Lyon (2000), Taiwan (2002), Miami (2003), San Francisco (2004), Amsterdam (2005), and Shanghai (2007), the aim of the 2008 edition of the International ConferenceonVisualInformationSystemswastoprovideafruitfulforumofdis- cussioninresearchfieldsrelatedtocomputervision,databases,humancomputer interaction, image processing, information visualization, and knowledge and in- formationmanagement.The University of Salerno was honoredto celebrate the 10theditionofVISUAL,choosingaprestigioushotelsituatedontheenchanting Gulf of Salerno, located between the beautiful Coast of Amalfi and the Cilento National Park (both part of UNESCO patrimony). VISUAL 2008 received 58 submissions, which were reviewed by more than 38 international experts in the related research fields from 19 different countries. The resulting technical pro- gramcontinuedthetraditionofmixingcarefully-reviewedresearchcontributions, experience reports and other activities with plenary presentations. Papers col- lectedinthisvolumeinclude,butarenotlimitedto,topicsondatavisualization, geovisualization,imageandvideodatabases,mobile visualinformationsystems, visual data mining, machine learning and pattern recognition techniques for vi- sualinformationmanagement,andapplicationsofvisualinformationsystems.In particular,three keynotetalksweredeliveredatVISUAL 2008andsix thematic sessions were organized. The first invited talk, A Visual Analytics Approach to Explorationof Large Amounts of Movement Data, was given by Prof. Gennady AndrienkoincooperationwithNataliaAndrienko,fromtheFraunhoferInstitute Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems. Prof. Andrienko faced the issue of enhancing human interpretation of movement data and described the results of their research experience about adequate analysis methods. The second talk wasgivenbyProf.FranzLeberlfromGrazUniversityofTechnology.Theaimof his presentation, Locational Awareness on the Internet, was “to evangelize the currentcapabilitiesoftheVirtualEarthsystem,pointtosomepiecesofnewsci- ence inthe analysisof imageryofthe humanhabitat,andofVisualComputing, and set the stage for an educated speculation about the future of computing.” Finally, Prof. Shi Kuo Chang, from the University of Pittsburgh, concluded the Keynote Sessions by giving a talk on Virtual Spaces: From the Past to the Fu- ture,wherehefirstdescribedhowacomputerscientistwithresearchinterestsin visual languages may benefit from the theory and practice of architecture, and then introduced the concept of the sentient map, aimed to make an interactive map even more powerful. During the thematic sessions, the authors delivered VI Preface their contributions and the participants were incited to carry out constructive discussions on research results of great current interest. The first five sessions wereconcernedwith Informationand Data Visualization,AdvancedTechniques for Visual Information Management, Mobile Visual Information Systems, Im- age and Video Indexing and Retrieval, and Applications of Visual Information Systems, respectively. The last session was then devoted to some interesting in- dustrial experiences. Finally, let us express our gratitude to the many people who supported the realization of this event with their time and energy. First of all, we would like to thank all the authors for submitting relevant contributions for the publication of this volume. We also gratefully acknowledge the work of the Program Committee Members, as well as that of the external referees, who offered their expertise in the review process. Thanks are due to the University of Salerno, the UniCredit Banca di Roma and the Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica for their contribution to the success of the conference, as well as to the Unlimited Software, the Engineering and the Pixsta companies for their support. Finally, we would like to mention the work done by Rita Francese, in interacting with our industrial partners; Luca Paolino, in corresponding with the authors; Vincenzo Del Fatto in supporting the scientific organization, and Davide De Chiara, in designing and maintaining the conference website. September 2008 Guoping Qiu Genoveffa Tortora Monica Sebillo Giuliana Vitiello Gerald Schaefer Organization The10theditionoftheInternationalConferenceonVisualInformationSystems -VISUAL2008wasorganizedbytheDipartimentodiMatematicaeInformatica, University of Salerno, Italy. General Chairs Genoveffa Tortora Universit`a di Salerno, Italy Guoping Qiu University of Nottingham, UK Program Chairs Monica Sebillo University of Salerno, Italy Giuliana Vitiello University of Salerno, Italy Gerald Schaefer Aston University, UK Organizing Committee Rita Francese University of Salerno, Italy Luca Paolino University of Salerno, Italy Vincenzo Del Fatto University of Salerno, Italy Davide De Chiara University of Salerno, Italy Program Committee Fernando Pereira Instituto Superior Tecnico - Instituto de Telecomunicaciones, Lisboa, Portugal James Wang The Pennsylvania State University, USA Raimondo Schettini University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy Alberto Del Bimbo University of Florence, Italy Michael Lew University of Leiden, The Netherlands Stephane Marchand-Maillet University of Geneva, Switzerland Dalibor Mitrovic Vienna University of Technology, Austria Maurizio Tucci University of Salerno, Italy Robert Laurini INSA, Lyon, France Clement Leung Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia Stefano Levialdi Sapienza, Universita` di Roma, Italy Jorma Laaksonen Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Athula Ginige University of Western Sydney, Australia VIII Organization Erland Jungert Linko¨ping University, Sweden Markus Koskela Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Jean-Luc Dugelay Eurecom, France Arjen P. de Vries CWI, The Netherlands Xiangyang Xue Fudan University, China Tony Pridmore University of Nottingham, UK Bertrand Le Saux Onera, France Stefano Ricciardi University of Salerno, Italy Michela Bertolotto University College Dublin, Ireland Matthias Zeppelzauer University of Technology, Austria Heidrun Schumann University of Rostock, Germany Martin Dzbor The Open University, UK William I. Grosky University of Michigan-Dearborn,USA Lars Bodum Aalborg University, Denmark Denis Laurendeau Universit´e Laval, Canada Jose Luis Fuertes Castro Universidad Politcnica de Madrid, Spain Amit P. Sheth University of Georgia, USA Isabel F. Cruz The University of Illinois at Chicago, USA Marinos Kavouras National Technical University of Athens, Greece Borko Furht Florida Atlantic University, USA Silvia Gordillo Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina Gilberto Camara NationalInstituteforSpaceResearch(INPE), Brazil Sergei Levashkin National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico Paolo Buono University of Bari, Italy Referees Bertolotto, Michela Grosky, William Pereira, Fernando Bodum, Lars Jungert, Erland Polese, Giuseppe Buono, Paolo Kavouras,Marinos Pridmore, Tony Castro,JoseLuisFuertes Koskela, Markus Ricciardi, Stefano Cruz, Isabel Laaksonen, Jorma Schaefer, Gerald De Chiara, Davide Laurendeau, Denis Schettini, Raimondo de Vries, Arjen Laurini, Robert Schumann, Heidrun Del Bimbo, Alberto Le Saux, Bertrand Sebillo, Monica Del Fatto, Vincenzo Leung, Clement Tucci, Maurizio Dzbor, Martin Levashkin, Sergei Wang, James Furht, Borko Levialdi, Stefano Xue, Xiangyang Ginige, Athula Lew, Michael Zeppelzauer, Matthias Gordillo, Silvia Mitrovic, Dalibor Organization IX Supporting Institutions and Sponsors University of Salerno, Italy UniCredit Banca di Roma, Salerno, Italy Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica, Salerno, Italy Unlimited Software srl, Napoli, Italy Engineering SpA, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy Pixsta ltd, London, UK Table of Contents Keynote Papers A Visual Analytics Approach to Exploration of Large Amounts of Movement Data ................................................. 1 Gennady Andrienko and Natalia Andrienko Locational Awareness on the Internet............................... 5 Franz Leberl Virtual Spaces: From the Past to the Future......................... 6 Shi Kuo Chang Information and Data Visualization Better Perception of 3D-Spatial Relations by Viewport Variations...... 7 Markus Jobst and Ju¨rgen Do¨llner Effective Visual Scanning of Geographic Information ................. 19 Olivier Swienty, Mathias Jahnke, Holger Kumke, and Simone Reppermund Navigation and Search in 3D Visualizations of Large Unstructured Photo Collections: An Empirical Study ............................. 31 Olivier Christmann and No¨elle Carbonell Evaluation of Information Visualization Tools Using the NFR Approach ....................................................... 44 Pushpa Kumar, Nary Subramanian, and Kang Zhang Interactive Exploration of Large Dynamic Networks .................. 56 Mathias Pohl and Peter Birke Flood Emergency Interaction and Visualization System ............... 68 Rui N´obrega, Andr´e Sabino, Armanda Rodrigues, and Nuno Correia 3D Mesh Exploration for Smart Visual Interfaces .................... 80 Georg Fuchs, Mathias Holst, Ren´e Rosenbaum, and Heidrun Schumann Dynamic Buffer Areas Obtained by EFCM Method in GIS Environment .................................................... 92 Ferdinando Di Martino and Salvatore Sessa