SIE0069_AOU Eng Skills for Uni 1 TB cover_Layout 1 22/07/2014 09:45 Page 1 E P n i g l lis o ENGLISH SKILLS h S t k ills FOR UNIVERSITY fo r U n iv e rs ity 1 1 Teacher’s Book T ENGLISH SKILLS e a c h FOR UNIVER SIT Y e r’s English Skills for University 1 B o o k The integrated skills approach of English Skills for Universitywill help you to improve your listening, speaking, reading and writing skills, and give you the confidence to begin your university studies in English. 1 Teacher’s Book You will learn how to: • speak with good intonation and stress, and clear pronunciation • use key spelling and grammar rules T e • give confident and interesting presentations rry P h • develop your vocabulary (and knowledge) within ten useful subject areas illip s a n • d predict and identify key information in texts A n n • a write accurately, using a wide range of common sentence patterns P h • illip listen for the important points in a conversation, talk or lecture s IELTS TOEFL Exit Level Common European Level (approximate) Framework Level 2.0–3.0 250 A1–A2 English Skills for Universityis a two-level course for higher education studies in English which will take you from Beginner to Pre-intermediate. G Terry Phillips A R N ET Anna Phillips E and D U C www.garneteducation.com A T IO N SIE0069_AOU Eng Skills for Uni 1 TB Prelims_Layout 1 22/07/2014 10:18 Page 1 P i l o t ENGLISH SKILLS FOR UNIVER SIT Y 1 Teacher’s Book Terry Phillips Anna Phillips and SIE0069_AOU Eng Skills for Uni 1 TB Prelims_Layout 1 22/07/2014 10:11 Page 2 Published by Garnet Publishing Ltd. 8 Southern Court South Street Reading RG1 4QS, UK Copyright © 2014 Garnet Publishing Ltd. The right of Terry Phillips and Anna Phillips to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise,without the prior permission of the Publisher. Any person whodoes any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. Production Project Manager: Kate Kemp Editorial team: Kate Kemp, Fiona Dempsey, Nicky Platt Alan Dury Design: Mike Hinks, Neil Collier Illustration: Doug Nash, Beehive Illustration: (Colin Brown / Janos Jantner / Martin Sanders / Laszlo Veres) Photography: Banana Stock, Clipart.com, Corbis, Digital Vision, Flat Earth, Getty Images, Image Source, Istockphoto.com, Photodisc, Stockbyte Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders and we apologize in advance for any unintentional omissions. We will be happy to insert the appropriate acknowledgements in any subsequent editions. Audio: Recorded at Motivation Sound Studios, produced by EFS Television Production Ltd. Revised audio for this edition recorded by Silver Street Studios. Printed and bound in Lebanon by International Press: [email protected] SIE0069_AOU Eng Skills for Uni 1 TB Prelims_Layout 1 22/07/2014 10:34 Page 3 Contents Book map 4 Introduction 8 Unit 1: Education 14 Unit 2: Daily Life 38 Unit 3: Work and Business 61 Unit 4: Science and Nature 83 Unit 5: The Physical World 103 Review 1 122 Unit 6: Culture and Civilization 144 Unit 7: Inventions and Discoveries 167 Unit 8: Art and Literature 189 Unit 9: Sports and Leisure 214 Unit 10: Nutrition and Health 235 Review 2 259 Word list 281 Workbook answers 286 SIE0069_AOU Eng Skills for Uni 1 TB Prelims_Layout 1 22/07/2014 10:29 Page 4 Book map Unit Topic areas Listening Speaking Reading Writing 1 Education The classroom predicting next word introducing self (1): text type: identity text type: identity Personal information hearing /e/ name, nationality cards, personal cards instructions for giving a talk (1): statements spelling vowels classwork • stressing important scanning for proper spelling consonants words nouns using capitals and • using good identifying parts of full stops intonation speech using pronouns • looking up and smiling 2 Daily Life Calendars listening for days, introducing self (2): text type: invitations, text type: e-mails Timetables times, dates age, birthday notices spelling vowels: // Invitations hearing //and /a/ giving a talk (2): scanning for and /a/ Places of • pausing after a numbers replacing nouns entertainment comma / full stop with pronouns greetings telling digital time 3 Work and Jobs using information to introducing self (3): text type: job text type: personal Business Places of work complete a form job plans advertisements descriptions Careers hearing the present giving a talk (3): scanning for names job suffixes ~er, ~or, Job advertisements simple • starting a talk reading for ~ist, ~ant Biography • ending a talk established need s= plural or 3rd person sing. 4 Science and Colours understanding describing a text type: scientific text type: animal Nature Shapes descriptions drawing articles descriptions Temperature hearing /i(cid:1)/ understanding spelling /i(cid:1)/ Living creatures captions using there Living spaces interpreting figures there is/arevs finding examples it is/they are a/anvs some 5 The Physical Maps understanding describing places text type: text type: World Locations features giving a talk (4): geographical article geographical Size hearing /aυ/ • showing preparing to read: descriptions Countries enthusiasm What do I know? spelling /aυ/ Position • using stress and identifying referents subject and verb intonation agreement Review 1 4 English Skills for University 1, Teacher’s Book, Book map SIE0069_AOU Eng Skills for Uni 1 TB Prelims_Layout 1 22/07/2014 10:29 Page 5 Unit Vocabulary Pronunciation Grammar patterns 1 introducing nouns, pronouns, verbs saying /e/ Write your name. numbers 1–10 stress in two syllable words He is Chinese. regular plurals, including pronunciation final sfor plural She is a teacher. country names I’m, you’re, she’s, etc. 2 numbers 11–20 saying //and /a/ I am not a student. numbers 20, 30, etc. saying /θ/and /ð/ Are you a student? ordinals 1st–9th Yes, I am. No, I’m not. letter names How old are you? 3 usinga/an saying r Teachers have three lessons each day. time words and phrases Ellen works in a bank. numbers 21–100 Work starts at 9.00 a.m. plural rules What do you do? Do you want a job? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. at 3.00 p.m. in September 4 adjectives: attributive and predicative saying /i(cid:1)/ There is a bird on the tree. saying negatives She can’t spell the word. canand can’t Why does the colour change? The grass is green. … green grass 5 numbers: hundreds, thousands, saying /aυ/ Are there any toilets in the mall? millions linking consonants and vowels Yes, there is. No, there aren’t. anyin questions and negatives polite intonation There isn’t a river in the south. noun phrases, e.g., Tourist office There is a very large lake. giving directions The lake is very large. English Skills for University 1, Teacher’s Book, Book map 5 SIE0069_AOU Eng Skills for Uni 1 TB Prelims_Layout 1 22/07/2014 10:29 Page 6 Unit Topic areas Listening Speaking Reading Writing 6 Culture and Life stages understanding ages, asking about new text type: text type: rules and Civilization life stages words information leaflets laws Permission hearing /(cid:14)/ giving a talk (1): scanning for specific spelling with a / e / i Legal rights phrases •making notes for irregular plurals Possessions a talk introduction to • rehearsing syntax – SVO • looking up from joining sentences notes with and/ but 7 Inventions Transport methods numerical describing personal text type: article text type: data and information to table commuting with table descriptions Commuting Discoveries hearing /əυ/ giving a talk (2): preparing to read: spelling with Traffic problems headings; tables; 1st a / e / i / o predicting • speaking at the Timetables sentence information correct speed using aand the • pausing between joining sentences sentences with isand are 8 Art and Types of art understanding the giving a biography text type: biography text type: biography Literature introduction from notes Types of literature giving a talk (3): researching a guessing spelling of person’s life using zero article Famous novelists • ordering new words and the information transferring Famous painters hearing the past information to a using object Famous playwrights tense of be timeline pronouns regular and irregular past tense past tense of be noun phrase with apposition 9 Sports and Types of sports predicting the next discussing survey text type: text type: Leisure word or phrase results (1) encyclopaedia encyclopedia article Leisure activities entries from notes information to a talking about Clothes table figures –bar charts marking text (1): using love, like,etc., with gerund hearing /ɒ/ and /ɔ(cid:1)/ emphasizing • identifying key words forming the gerund making notes noun phrases with article/number information to headed notes noun phrases with adj + n / n + n 10 Nutrition and Food and drink recording numbers discussing survey text type: article text type: website Health and percentages results (2) with map article from notes Daily consumption hearing /u(cid:1)/ and /(cid:16)/ marking text (2): using count and History of hot drinks non-count nouns count/non-count: • identifying topic History of soft drinks muchvs many changes irregular plurals Calories doing research articles with Eating out count/non-count • sharing information Review 2 6 English Skills for University 1, Teacher’s Book, Book map SIE0069_AOU Eng Skills for Uni 1 TB Prelims_Layout 1 22/07/2014 10:29 Page 7 Unit Vocabulary Pronunciation Grammar patterns 6 personal possessions saying the letter a Most adults go to work by car. using a few, many, most, all stress within words Children can leave school at 14. stressing important words Can teenagers vote in your country? What can people do at 16? How do you say this word? 7 airport and station destination boards final s= /s/ or /z/ How long does it take? bus timetables talking about times on a timetable I go by car. usingnearly, about, over He catches the underground. A tram is a kind of bus. I want to drive to college. Over a hundred people … 8 subjective adjectives contraction of do you Naguib Mahfouz was Egyptian. object pronouns regular past tense ending Was Monet French? possessives with ‘s Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t. What was Gaudi’s real name? Mahfouz lived in Cairo all his life. In 1895, … 9 using wantwith object / second verb saying /ɒ/ and /ɔ(cid:1)/ I want to buy a jacket everyday items Do you want to get an iPod? I love reading novels. What do you like doing at the weekend? 10 identifying uncountable nouns saying /u(cid:1)/ and /υ/ I hate eggs/milk. in a restaurant/café, etc. avs some There are some eggs on the table. There is some milk on the table. Are there any eggs on the table? Is there any milk on the table? How many eggs do you eat every day? How much water do you drink every day? Butter is made from milk. English Skills for University 1, Teacher’s Book, Book map 7 SIE0069_AOU Eng Skills for Uni 1 TB Prelims_Layout 1 14/07/2014 15:08 Page 8 Introduction Introduction • False beginners, in many cases, are notinductive learners. They have struggled to learn with the English Skills for Universityis unique for two reasons. methodology of example to rule. They need to be Firstly, it is designed exclusively for teenage and young given the opportunity to learn deductively as well, adult false beginners. Secondly, it is aimed at students from rule – or perhaps we should say, pattern – to who will go on to study wholly or partly in English. example. English Skills for University often gives These two points make English Skills for University a students two routes – an inductive and a deductive very different course from other EFL or ESL products. way – with the use of overt Skills Check and Pronunciation Checkboxes for the deductive learner, and activities for the inductive. Meeting the needs of false • False beginners, in the main, have no desire to go beginners ‘right back to the beginning’. They may have low motivation to study English anyway, given their Many courses claim to be suitable for this target group, history of failure, but they will certainly not be but do not consider the real profile of their target students. motivated by things that even they find too easy or, • False beginners are nottrue beginners. They are at least, too familiar. English Skills for University people with a great deal of passive knowledge, aims to teach old points in a new way. especially of vocabulary, for whom later learning • As mentioned above, false beginners have, to some has driven out earlier basic points. English Skills extent, failed previous learning. They have sat in for Universitysystematizes this previous learning classes for, perhaps, nine years, but they are still so it can become genuinely useful. not able to pass a formal test of English at more • False beginners are not effective language learners than beginners level. This means they need to be who have simply forgotten previous learning. In convinced that they can succeed this time. English most cases, they have failed to learn correctly the Skills for University aims to give success right from information which they have been given, for the start, on materials which are interesting and whatever reason – poor prior teaching, poor challenging for students, but within their grasp. materials, etc. Therefore, they will not benefit, in the • False beginners in a class are nota homogenous main, from a revision course with a very fast syllabus group. For any given item of beginner/elementary progression. They need a course which lock-steps level vocabulary or grammar, there will be them through each point, to ensure that they someone in the group who knows the item and understand it before moving on. English Skills for many others who do not. But the ‘knower’ will Universitytakes students step-by-step through the change from item to item. English Skills for basic points they should have learnt before and University acknowledges previous successful demonstrates the communicative value of lexical, learning and, at the same time, enables the teacher grammatical, orthographic and phonological points. to see which students are struggling on a particular • False beginners, in many cases, are notread-write point so he/she can direct those students to the learners. They have struggled with the text-heavy additional remedial work provided. materials in many school course books. They may • False beginners can do very little with the be visual learners, who need colour and pictures, or language, even in areas where they have some aural learners, who need sounds and repetition. knowledge. In other words, they have some They may even be kinaesthetic learners who need to competence, but few or no specific performance touch things and move them around to make sense skills in listening, speaking, reading or writing of them. English Skills for University recognizes which they will need for further study in English. different learning styles and gives students different English Skills for University introduces students to ways of learning the same information. key points in the four skills. 8 English Skills for University 1, Teacher’s Book, Introduction SIE0069_AOU Eng Skills for Uni 1 TB Prelims_Layout 1 14/07/2014 15:08 Page 9 Meeting the needs of English for should be confident in using words in written or Academic Purposes (EAP) students spoken form and proficient at recognizing the word in both forms. They will often also know some common English Skills for Universityis not designed for collocations of words and important grammatical students living in an English-speaking environment. It points about words, such as plural formation. does not, therefore, deal with survival English, or attempt to meet the needs of the ESL learner. English Skills for Universitydoes not assume that graduates The structure of the course from the course are going to become world travellers, using English as a lingua franca. Instead, it assumes English Skills for University is divided into two levels: they are going on to further study in English, perhaps 1 and 2. Students can enter the course at Level 1 or 2. in their own country. Therefore, the units covered Each part provides at least 100 hours tuition. The build knowledge and skills which will assist in further whole course therefore provides at least 200 hours English-medium study. tuition. Each level contains ten units, with two reviews, based on the Encyclopaedia Britannica organization of In each level, there are ten units and two review units. human knowledge. This means that students learn Each unit provides six hours of tuition as follows: useful, transferable content as well as useful Lesson 1: Listening transferable vocabulary and skills as they work Lesson 2: Speaking through the course. Lesson 3: Vocabulary and Pronunciation Both levels are organized by unit, as follows: Lesson 4: Reading Lesson 5: Writing and Grammar 1 Education Lesson 6: Writing and Grammar 2 Daily Life 3 Work and Business Each review unit also contains six hours of tuition, but 4 Science and Nature the second Writing and Grammar lesson is replaced 5 The Physical World with a Portfolio lesson, which integrates skills points 6 Culture and Civilization from the preceding units. 7 Inventions and Discoveries 8 Art and Literature In the Workbook, there are two lessons for each unit, 9 Sports and Leisure which provide further practice of the four skills. 10 Nutrition and Health The approach of the course Work within each unit is therefore constrained by a lexical set, which is based on the Waystage vocabulary list from the Council of Europe Framework. The English Skills for Universityadopts a recurrent course aims to ensure that students gain confidence in structure within each unit. This is broadly a TEST – using a limited set of lexical items as they work TEACH – TEST approach, which appears to be the through the unit, rather than constantly having to cope best to accommodate all the needs of false beginners as with new words which happen to appear in detailed above. Most lessons begin by giving the presentation texts. students an opportunity to show what they know, before they are presented with a specific skill or set of English Skills for Universityrecognizes that there is vocabulary to learn. more to knowing a word than knowing its base meaning and so, by the end of each unit, students English Skills for University 1, Teacher’s Book, Introduction 9