LL CC EE RROOYY VV BB AA EEHHIICCLLEE UUSS NNAALLYYZZEERR OO PP EE RR AATT OO RR ’’ SS MM AA NN UU AA LL NNOOVVEEMMBBEERR 22000055 LeCroy Corporation 700 Chestnut Ridge Road Chestnut Ridge, NY 10977-6499 Tel: (845) 578 6020 Fax: (845) 578 5985 Internet: www.lecroy.com © 2005 by LeCroy Corp. All rights reserved. LeCroy, ActiveDSO, ProBus, SMART Trigger, JitterTrack, WavePro, WaveMaster, WaveSurfer, and Waverunner are registered trademarks of LeCroy Corporation. Other product or brand names are trademarks or requested trademarks of their respective holders. Information in this publication supersedes all earlier versions. Specifications subject to change without notice. Manufactured under an ISO 9000 This electronic product is subject to Registered Quality Management System disposal and recycling regulations Visit www.lecroy.com to view the that vary by country and region. certificate. Many countries prohibit the disposal of waste electronic equipment in standard waste receptacles. For more information about proper disposal and recycling of your LeCroy product, please visit www.lecroy.com/recycle. VBA-OM-E Rev A 913671-00 Operator’s Manual INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................5 Safety Requirements........................................................................................................................5 Overview..........................................................................................................................................6 The CANbus TD Series Standard Trigger Hardware.......................................................................8 CANbus TD Series Trigger Hardware Accessories........................................................................10 CONNECTING TO A CAN BUS CIRCUIT..........................................................11 Overview........................................................................................................................................11 Connecting the Trigger Module to the Oscilloscope or Vehicle Bus Analyzer...............................11 Understanding Which Trigger Coupler is Installed in the Trigger Module......................................13 Installing or Removing a Trigger Coupler.......................................................................................14 Connecting the Trigger Module to the CAN Bus............................................................................17 Verifying Proper Trigger Module Connection to the CAN Bus.......................................................19 Viewing the CAN Bus Signal on the Oscilloscope or Vehicle Bus Analyzer..................................21 The Complete System Connection................................................................................................22 Basic Oscilloscope or Vehicle Bus Analyzer Operation.................................................................22 ACCESSING THE VEHICLE BUS ANALYZER TOOLSETS.............................23 Overview........................................................................................................................................23 Vehicle Bus Analyzer User Interface..............................................................................................23 Vehicle Bus Analyzer Main Dialog.................................................................................................24 Decode Setup Main Dialog............................................................................................................26 Decoding Algorithm Overview................................................................................................26 Decode Setup Dialog Description...........................................................................................28 Measure/Graph Setup Main Dialog................................................................................................32 Measure/Graph Setup Dialog Description..............................................................................32 CAN Symbolic Trigger Setup Main Dialog.....................................................................................33 CAN Hexadecimal & Binary Trigger Setup Main Dialog................................................................34 Alternate Ways to Access CAN Trigger Dialogs............................................................................35 Using the DBC Symbolic Message/Signal Selector.......................................................................36 Zooming on Decoded Channels....................................................................................................38 CAN TRIGGER SETUP......................................................................................42 Overview........................................................................................................................................42 Trigger Hardware...........................................................................................................................42 General CAN Trigger Setup (Symbolic and Hexadecimal)............................................................44 Creating a Symbolic Trigger Condition..........................................................................................45 Symbolic Mode Trigger Setup Detail......................................................................................45 Creating a Hexadecimal Trigger Condition....................................................................................46 Hexadecimal Mode Trigger Setup Detail................................................................................47 Setting a Trigger Condition in Binary.............................................................................................49 Using CAN as a Qualifier in a Trigger (Symbolic or Hexadecimal Mode)......................................50 Hexadecimal Mode Trigger Setup Examples.................................................................................51 Multiple Data Bytes – DLC Matches Number of Triggered Data Bytes..................................52 Multiple Data Bytes – DLC Does Not Match Number of Triggered Data Bytes.....................53 1 VBA-OM-E Rev A Vehicle Bus Analyzer Multiple Data Bytes – Data is Spread Across Bytes...............................................................55 CHARACTERIZING AND VALIDATING SYSTEM PERFORMANCE ...............58 Overview........................................................................................................................................58 Using Cursors.................................................................................................................................59 Using Measurement Parameters...................................................................................................59 Measurement Gating......................................................................................................................61 Using Statistics and Graphing........................................................................................................61 Pass/Fail Analysis with Measurement Parameters........................................................................62 MEASURING CAN BUS PERFORMANCE........................................................63 Overview........................................................................................................................................63 Measurement Parameters..............................................................................................................64 CANbus TDM Graphing & Statistical Analysis...............................................................................65 General Setup of CAN Measurement Parameters.........................................................................66 CAN-to-Analog or Analog-to-CAN Measurement Parameter.........................................................69 CANtoAnalog Measurement Parameter Setup Detail............................................................70 CAN Message-to-CAN Message Measurement Parameter..........................................................71 CANtoCAN Measurement Parameter Setup Detail................................................................72 Extract CAN Message Data to a Decimal Value............................................................................73 CANtoValue Measurement Parameter Setup Detail..............................................................73 CAN Bus Message Load % Measurement Parameter..................................................................74 CANLoad Measurement Parameter Setup Detail...................................................................74 Time from Trigger Point to CAN Message Measurement Parameter............................................75 t@CAN Measurement Parameter Setup Detail......................................................................75 CAN Bus Message Bit Rate Parameter.........................................................................................76 CANMsgBR Measurement Parameter Setup Detail...............................................................76 CAN Bus Number of Messages Parameter...................................................................................77 CANMsgNum Measurement Parameter Setup Detail............................................................77 STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF PARAMETER MEASUREMENTS ...............78 Overview........................................................................................................................................78 Statistical Evaluation Tools.............................................................................................................78 Setting Up Histograms...................................................................................................................79 Histogram Example........................................................................................................................81 GRAPHING AND PLOTTING OF MEASUREMENT DATA...............................82 Overview........................................................................................................................................82 Setting Up Tracks and Trends........................................................................................................83 Track Example – Extract Data from CAN Messages and Plot.......................................................83 HISTOGRAM AND TREND CALCULATION.....................................................85 Overview........................................................................................................................................85 Acquisition Sequence.....................................................................................................................85 Parameter Buffer............................................................................................................................85 Parameter Events Capture.............................................................................................................86 2 VBA-OM-E Rev A Operator’s Manual Zoom Traces and Segmented Waveforms.....................................................................................86 Histogram Peaks............................................................................................................................86 Example..................................................................................................................................86 Binning and Measurement Accuracy.............................................................................................87 ISOLATE AND ANALYZE CAN BUS ACTIVITY ...............................................90 Capture Long Pre-Trigger Time.....................................................................................................90 Trigger Repeatedly, Save Data to a Hard Drive.............................................................................91 Trigger Repeatedly, Store all Triggers (Sequence Mode)..............................................................92 EXPORTING CAN BUS DECODED DATA........................................................97 Overview........................................................................................................................................97 Exporting Decoded Data................................................................................................................99 Model for accessing Decoded Data table in LeCroy oscilloscopes...............................................99 Model for accessing Cell Values in table......................................................................................100 Embedding an Automation Command in a GPIB Command Program........................................101 APPENDIX A – SCHEMATICS OF OPTIONAL CABLES................................102 902329-00 CAN Bus ISO 11898-2 Cable Set..............................................................................102 902330-00 CAN Bus ISO 11519 Cable Set.................................................................................103 APPENDIX B – CAN HEXADECIMAL TRIGGER FLOWCHART....................104 APPENDIX C – SPECIFICATIONS..................................................................105 APPENDIX D – HISTOGRAM PARAMETERSHISTOGRAM PARAMETERS.109 APPENDIX E – ADVANCED BIT RATE SETUP..............................................123 Overview......................................................................................................................................123 General Operation........................................................................................................................123 More Information..........................................................................................................................124 List of bit rates supported in the CANbus TD Series Trigger Module..........................................124 3 VBA-OM-E Rev A Vehicle Bus Analyzer BLANK PAGE 4 VBA-OM-E Rev A Operator’s Manual INTRODUCTION Safety Requirements WARNING To avoid personal injury and to prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it, review the following safety precautions. To avoid potential hazards, use this product only as specified. Before using the CANbus TD, ensure that its operating environment will be maintained within these parameters: Operation: In-door Use Temperature: 5 to 40 oC Humidity: ≤ 80% RH (non-condensing) WARNING To avoid fire or personal injury, comply with the following: • Do not use the CANbus TD Series hardware in wet or explosive atmospheres. • Do not use the CANbus TD Series hardware if any part is damaged. All maintenance should be referred to qualified service personnel. • Use of the CANbus TD Series hardware and/or the Instrument it is connected to in a manner other than specified may impair the protection mechanisms. Refer to the WaveRunner 6000A Operator’s Manual for additional safety information. 5 VBA-OM-E Rev A Vehicle Bus Analyzer Overview The Vehicle Bus Analyzer is a unique tool from LeCroy that will greatly increase your ability to debug and analyze embedded controllers that use serial data communications, or entire systems consisting of multiple embedded controllers that communicate between each other with serial data. Since the Vehicle Bus Analyzer is, at its core, an oscilloscope, you can use it for a wide variety of tasks in which a stand-alone protocol analyzer is not suitable. Currently, the Vehicle Bus Analyzer supports Protocol (Hex) and Symbolic (Application) layer decode of CAN waveforms. The Vehicle Bus Analyzer can decode up to four serial data waveforms at one time, and is structured to allow additional options for decoding of other standards. The Vehicle Bus Analyzer uses the CANbus TD Series hardware for triggering on CAN signals. It also uses proprietary software to decode serial data waveforms to either the Protocol (hex) or Symbolic (application layer) levels, perform automated timing and other measurements, statistically analyze and graph measurements, and extract data and plot it in a graphical format. The advantages of using the Vehicle Bus Analyzer include the following: • You can view all OSI levels (Physical, Protocol, and Symbolic/Application) of serial data streams on one tool • You can decode up to four buses at one time, in a mix of modes. • You can view additional sensor, actuator, or other embedded controller signals time coincident with your decoded serial data signals. • You can use the long memory of the Vehicle Bus Analyzer to capture several seconds of serial data and other signals, or use Sequence Mode to capture many different, intermittent events. 6 VBA-OM-E Rev A Operator’s Manual • You can use automatic parameter measurements to calculate timing values. These parameter measurements can then be statistically analyzed or graphed on the Vehicle Bus Analyzer screen so that you can understand variations in the timing, or visualize trends in the data. The Vehicle Bus Analyzer consists of a CANbus TD Series Hardware CAN Trigger kit, and specialized software that runs on a LeCroy WaveRunner class oscilloscope. The Hardware kit contains the necessary components to connect to most CAN controllers, with accessories available to customize the hardware to your specific requirements. Probes will also be required to input the CAN signal to the Vehicle Bus Analyzer for signal viewing. The standard single-ended passive probes supplied with the Vehicle Bus Analyzer can be used; or, more appropriately, an optional differential probe can be purchased. There are a number of public domain documents that describe CAN physical layer and protocol layer signals. These documents include: • ISO 11519 • ISO 11898 • CAN Specification 2.0A • CAN Specification 2.0B Since the Vehicle Bus Analyzer is based on a LeCroy WaveRunner class oscilloscope, the Getting Started Manual for the WaveRunner oscilloscope is also provided. The Vehicle Bus Analyzer Getting Started Manual will assume that you have a basic understanding of the operation of the WaveRunner oscilloscope, a basic understanding of CAN physical layer and protocol layer specifications, and knowledge of how CAN controllers interconnect to each other. Where practical or necessary, details on specific oscilloscope features are also included in this manual. Note: LeCroy has a policy of frequently updating software. It is possible that screen images in this manual may not exactly match what you see on your Vehicle Bus Analyzer display. However, functionality will be nearly identical. 7 VBA-OM-E Rev A Vehicle Bus Analyzer The CANbus TD Series Standard Trigger Hardware The Standard Hardware consists of the following items: • Qty. 1 Trigger Module – The Trigger Module is basically a CAN Node that is set to filter (and provide a triggering signal) when certain conditions are met. It contains a 32-bit 64 MHz microcontroller and two Philips SJA1000 CAN controllers. A Trigger Coupler (CAN transceiver) must be installed in the trigger module to connect to the appropriate bus. A 251 Trigger Coupler is provided standard on input 1, and a second can be installed on input 2. As necessary, the trigger couplers can be interchanged to suit your specific needs. The Trigger Module receives triggering instructions, as defined in the CAN Trigger dialog, through the USB2.0 cable (connected to the LeCroy oscilloscope or Vehicle Bus Analyzer), and outputs a trigger pulse through the 3-pin connector when the CAN trigger condition is met. The trigger pulse is a negative going edge from 5 V to 0 V. • Qty. 1 Oscilloscope Interface Module – This module connects to the Trigger Module via the 3-pin connector. The module is LeCroy ProBus® compatible. When plugged into a LeCroy Oscilloscope or Vehicle Bus Analyzer, it is automatically recognized and proceeds with appropriate setup for CAN triggering. The OIM can be connected to any channel, but is more commonly connected to the EXT input (to reserve a channel for an analog signal). Once connected, it does the following: a. sets the Oscilloscope or Vehicle Bus Analyzer trigger to a negative going Edge with a trigger level of 3 V (to trigger on the output pulse when the CAN trigger condition is met) and no trigger holdoff condition. b. displays the CAN trigger dialog c. applies a skew correction to all channels (to ensure that the trigger point aligns with the EOF point of the triggered CAN message. d. sets the horizontal settings to real-time sample mode using 4 channels. e. if connected to a channel, it also resets various 8 VBA-OM-E Rev A