ii Understanding Foucault, Understanding Modernism iiiiii Understanding Philosophy, Understanding Modernism The aim of each volume in Understanding Philosophy, Understanding Modernism is to understand a philosophical thinker more fully through literary and cultural modernism and consequently to understand literary modernism better through a key philosophical figure. In this way, the series also rethinks the limits of modernism, calling attention to lacunae in modernist studies and sometimes in the philosophical work under examination. Series Editors: Paul Ardoin, S. E. Gontarski, and Laci Mattison Volumes in the Series: Understanding Bergson, Understanding Modernism edited by Paul Ardoin, S. E. Gontarski, and Laci Mattison Understanding Deleuze, Understanding Modernism edited by Paul Ardoin, S. E. Gontarski, and Laci Mattison Understanding Wittgenstein, Understanding Modernism edited by Anat Matar Understanding Foucault, Understanding Modernism edited by David Scott Understanding Rancière, Understanding Modernism (forthcoming) edited by Patrick M. Bray Understanding James, Understanding Modernism (forthcoming) edited by David H. Evans Understanding Cavell, Understanding Modernism (forthcoming) edited by Paola Marrati Understanding Blanchot, Understanding Modernism (forthcoming) edited by Christopher Langlois Understanding Merleau-Ponty, Understanding Modernism (forthcoming) edited by Ariane Mildenberg Understanding Derrida, Understanding Modernism (forthcoming) edited by Jean-Michel Rabaté iiiiiiiii Understanding Foucault, Understanding Modernism Edited by David Scott Bloomsbury Academic An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Inc iiivvv Bloomsbury Academic An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Inc 1385 Broadway 50 Bedford Square New York London NY 10018 WC1B 3DP USA UK www.bloomsbury.com BLOOMSBURY and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published 2017 © David Scott and Contributors, 2017 The editor would especially like to thank Zach Linge for his hard work in formatting and editorial assistance. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. No responsibility for loss caused to any individual or organization acting on or refraining from action as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by Bloomsbury or the editor. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Scott, David (David Michael Ryan Davis), editor. Title: Understanding Foucault, understanding modernism / edited by David Scott. Description: New York : Bloomsbury Academic, 2017. | Series: Understanding philosophy, understanding modernism | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2016034476 (print) | LCCN 2016038139 (ebook) | ISBN 9781628927702 (hardback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781628927719 (ePub) | ISBN 9781628927726 (ePDF) Subjects: LCSH: Foucault, Michel, 1926–1984. | Modernism (Literature) Classification: LCC B2430.F724 U53 2017 (print) | LCC B2430.F724 (ebook) | DDC 194--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016034476 ISBN: HB: 978- 1- 6289- 2770- 2 ePub: 978- 1- 6289- 2771- 9 ePDF: 978- 1- 6289- 2772- 6 Series: Understanding Philosophy, Understanding Modernism Cover image © Getty Images/Ralph Crane Typeset by Newgen Knowledge Works Pvt Ltd, Chennai, India vvv Contents Series Preface vii Abbreviations viii Introduction: Foucault’s Modernisms David Scott 1 Part 1 Conceptualizing Foucault 1 The Origin of Parrēsia in Foucault’s Thinking: Truth and Freedom in the History of Madness Leonard Lawlor and Daniel J. Palumbo 21 2 The Secret of the Corpse- Language Machine: The Birth of the Clinic and Raymond Roussel David Scott 39 3 Intersections of the Concept and Literature in The Order of Things: Foucault and Canguilhem Samuel Talcott 61 4 Archaeology of Knowledge: Foucault and the Time of Discourse Heath Massey 79 5 Carceral, Capital, Power: The “Dark Side” of the Enlightenment in Discipline and Punish Christopher Penfield 95 6 Foucault’s The History of Sexuality Chloë Taylor 113 Part 2 Foucault and Aesthetics 7 Technologies of Modernism: Historicism in Foucault and Dos Passos Christopher Breu 137 8 Thought as Spirituality in Raymond Roussel Ann Burlein 157 vi vi Contents 9 Life Escaping: Foucault, Vitalism, and Gertrude Stein’s Life- Writing Sarah Posman 177 10 The Specter of Manet: A Contribution to the Archaeology of Painting Joseph J. Tanke 195 11 The Hermaphroditic Image: Modern Art, Thought, and Expérience in Michel Foucault Nicole Ridgway 213 Part 3 Glossary Essays Archaeology Heath Massey 233 The “Author- Function” Seth Forrest 235 Biopower Chloë Taylor 237 Discipline Steve Tammelleo 239 Episteme Samuel Talcott 241 Genealogy Brad Elliott Stone 244 Power Brad Elliott Stone 246 Problematization Daniele Lorenzini 248 Transgression Janae Sholtz 250 Truth Marc De Kesel 252 Subjectivation Mark Murphy 254 Notes on Contributors 256 Index 259 Name Index 264 vvviiiiii Series Preface Sometime in the late twentieth century, modernism, like philosophy itself, underwent something of an unmooring from (at least) linear literary history in favor of the multi- perspectival history implicit in “new historicism” or, say, varieties of “presentism.” Amid current reassessments of modernism and modernity, critics have posited various “new” or alternative modernisms— postcolonial, cosmopolitan, transatlantic, transnational, geomodernism, or even “bad” modernisms. In doing so, they have not only reassessed modernism as a category, but also, more broadly, rethought epistemology and ontology, aesthetics, metaphysics, materialism, history, and being itself, opening possibilities of rethinking not only which texts we read as modernist, but also how we read those texts. Much of this new conversation constitutes something of a critique of the periodization of modernism or modernist studies in favor of modernism as mode (or mode of production) or concept. Understanding Philosophy, Understanding Modernism situates itself amid the plurality of discourses, offering collections focused on key philosophical thinkers influential both to the moment of modernism and to our current understanding of that moment’s geneology, archeology, and becomings. Such critiques of modernism(s) and modernity afford opportunities to rethink and reassess the overlaps, folds, interrelationships, interleavings, or cross- pollinations of modernism and philosophy. Our goal in each volume of the series is to understand literary modernism better through philosophy as we also better understand a philosopher through literary modernism. The first two volumes of the series, those on Henri Bergson and Gilles Deleuze, have established a tripartite structure that serves to offer both accessibility to the philosopher’s principle texts and to current new research. Each volume opens with a section focused on “conceptualizing” the philosopher through close readings of seminal texts in the thinker’s oeuvre. A second section, on aesthetics, maps connections between modernist works and the philosophical figure, often surveying key modernist trends and shedding new light on authors and texts. The final section of each volume serves as an extended glossary of principal terms in the philosopher’s work, each treated at length, allowing a fuller engagement with and examination of the many, sometimes contradictory ways terms are deployed. The series is thus designed both to introduce philosophers and to rethink their relationship to modernist studies, revising our understandings of both modernism and philosophy, and offering resources that will be of use across disciplines, from philosophy, theory, and literature, to religion, the visual and performing arts, and often to the sciences as well. vvviiiiiiiii Abbreviations Texts by Michel Foucault in English Translation EAK The Archeology of Knowledge and the Discourse on Language. Trans. A. M. Sheridan Smith. New York: Pantheon Books, 1971. EBC The Birth of the Clinic: An Archeology of Medical Perception. Trans. A. M. Sheridan Smith. New York: Vintage Books, 1994. ECF- AB Abnormal: Lectures at the Collège de France 1974– 1975. Trans. Graham Burchell. New York: Picador, 2003. ECF- COT The Courage of Truth: The Government of Self and Others II. Lectures at the Collège de France 1983–1 984. Trans. Graham Burchell. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. ECF- GSO The Government of Self and Others. Lectures at the Collège de France 1982– 1983. Trans. Graham Burchell. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. ECF- HOS The Hermeneutics of the Subject: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1981– 1982. Trans. Graham Burchell. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005. ECF- PP Psychiatric Power: Lectures at the Collège de France 1973– 1974. Trans. Graham Burchell. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ECF- SMD “Society Must Be Defended.” Lectures at the Collège de France 1975–1 976. Trans. David Macey. New York: Picador, 2003. ECF- STP Security, Territory, Population. Lectures at the Collège de France 1977– 1978. Trans. Graham Burchell. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. EDL Death and the Labyrinth: The World of Raymond Roussel. Trans. Charles Ruas. New York: Continuum, 2007. EDP Discipline and Punish. Trans. Alan Sheridan. New York: Vintage, 1995. EEF The Essential Foucault. Ed. Paul Rabinow and Nikolas Rose. New York: The New Press, 2003. EEW1 Ethics, Subjectivity, and Truth: Essential Works of Foucault, 1954– 1984. Ed. James D. Faubion. New York: The New Press, 1997. EEW2 Aesthetics, Method, and Epistemology: Essential Works of Foucault, 1954– 1984. Ed. James D. Faubion. New York: The New Press, 1998. ix Abbreviations ix EEW3 Power: Essential Works of Foucault, 1954– 1984. Ed. James D. Faubion. New York: The New Press, 2000. EFB Foucault/ Blanchot. Maurice Blanchot: The Thought from Outside, by Michel Foucault, and Michel Foucault as I Imagine Him, by Maurice Blanchot. Trans. Jeffrey Mehlman and Brian Massumi. New York: Zone Books, 1987. EFL Foucault Live: Collected Interviews, 1961– 1984. Ed. Sylvère Lotringer. New York: Semiotexte, 1996. EFR The Foucault Reader. Ed. Paul Rabinow. New York: Pantheon Books, 1984. EFS Fearless Speech. Ed. Joseph Pearson. Los Angeles, Semiotexte, 2001. EHM History of Madness. Trans. Jonathan Murphy and Jean Khalfa. London: Routledge, 2006. EHS1 The History of Sexuality: An Introduction, Volume 1. Trans. Robert Hurley. New York: Vintage, 1990. EHS2 The Use of Pleasure. The History of Sexuality, Volume 2. Trans. Robert Hurley. New York: Random House, 1985. EHS3 The Care of the Self. The History of Sexuality, Volume 3. Trans. Robert Hurley. New York: Vintage, 1988. EIKA Introduction to Kant’s Anthropology. Trans. Roberto Nigro and Kate Briggs. Los Angeles: Semiotexte, 2008. EINP Georges Canguilhem. The Normal and the Pathological, with an Introduction by Michel Foucault. Zone Books: New York, 1991. ELCP Language, Counter- Memory, Practice: Selected Essays and Interviews by Michel Foucault. Ed. Donald F. Bouchard. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1977. EMP Manet and the Object of Painting. Trans. Nicolas Bourriaud. London: Tate Publishing, 2009. EOT The Order of Things: An Archeology of the Human Sciences. New York: Vintage, 1994. EPGP “Photogenic Painting.” Trans. Dafydd Roberts, in Gilles Deleuze and Michel Foucault, Revisions 2: Photogenic Painting. London: Black Dog Publishing, 1999. 81– 104. EPK Power/ Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972– 1977. Ed. Colin Gordon. New York: Pantheon Books, 1980. EPPC Michel Foucault. Politics, Philosophy, Culture: Interview and Other Writings, 1977– 1984. Ed. Lawrence D. Kritzman. New York: Routledge, 1988.