9/18/2017 October 15, 2009 –A-M UNABRIDGED GLOSSARY AND LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS (UGLAA) Missouri River Recovery Implementation Committee (MRRIC) NOTES: 1) To help find an abbreviation or acronym, use the “Find” function and type the first letter of the sought after item four times (e.g. “AAAA”). This will take you to the beginning of the abbreviation or acronym list starting with that letter (e.g. A). 2) Use the find function and type “AtoZ” and it will take you to the beginning of the GLOSSARY on page 32 of 57. This document is forwarded the week before regular face-to-face meetings of the full MRRIC. See APPENDIX v.# *.pdf document for graphical information. Send corrections, updates and new items to <[email protected]> AAAA A - Acceptable AAA - Army Audit Agency AAMR - Annual Adaptive Management Report AAR - After Action Review or After Action Report; report or review prepared after a phase or given project has been completed ac.-ft - acre-feet or acre foot; a value of volume for 1 foot of depth over an entire acre; 43,560 cubic feet; 325,829 gallons ACEP - Agricultural Conservation Easement Program ACT - Agency Coordination Team; Federal and State personnel involved with the MRRP downstream from Sioux City, Iowa. Team is made up of Federal staff from USACE, USFWS, EPA c/o Larry Shepard and USGS and State staff from MDC, Iowa-DNR, Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks and NGPC. ACHP - Advisory Council on Historic Preservation A&E - Architectural and Engineering firms ADM/DAA - Alternatives Development Methodology/Decision Analysis Approach AF - acre-feet; Annual Forum AGWI - America’s Great Watershed Initiative AHPS - Advisory Hydrologic Prediction Service AIDC - Automatic Identification and Capture ALARP - “As Low As Reasonably Practicable” AM - Adaptive Management; a flexible decision-making process that promotes collaboration, flexible decision-making and learning from the outcome of management actions that ultimately leads to more effective decisions and enhanced environmental benefits from projects. It is a process that integrates elements of planning, implementation (build and operate), monitoring, analysis (assessment) and decision making (adjustment step) for the MRRP and the BiOp. Its true measure is in how well it helps meet environmental, social, and economic goals, increases scientific knowledge, and reduces tensions among stakeholders. Synonyms [or other variables]; Ameren Missouri (electric power company). MRRIC Unabridged Glossary Abbreviations and Acronyms v27.0 Word 2003 MRRIC?-A-M-P Page 1 of 57 9/18/2017 October 15, 2009 –A-M AMI - American Watershed Initiative; a Report Card study on the uses and the economic benefits of the Mississippi River basin. AM Strategy - This is the adjustment step for the MRRP and the BiOp in the AM process. AMIT - Adaptive Management Integration Team AMP - Adaptive Management Plan AMPP - Adaptive Management Plan for Propagation AMWG - Adaptive Management Work Group ANOVA - Analysis of Variance ANPR - Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking ANS - Aquatic Nuisance Species AOP - Annual Operating Plan (AOP) is an annual plan developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) for operation of the Missouri River system of dams and reservoirs. The AOP is proposed in October for the following year. The final AOP is usually stated as a Record of Decision (ROD) in February or March. Webinars and/or face-to-face hearings for the AOP are held in cities from Montana to Missouri in the river basin. The AOP takes into account water presently stored in the upstream lakes and the snow pack on the plains and the mountains and how it will be released up to July. This includes proposed spring pulse releases. In early July, the USACE takes stock of the amount of water in storage and announces how the river will be operated for the rest of the year. The web site for AOP’s is www.nwd.usace.army.mil AP - Applied Science APF - Announcement for Program Funding APHIS - Animal Plant Health Inspection Service of the USDA API - Application Program Interface ARPA - Archaeological Resources Protection Act ARRA - American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 AR - Annual Report ASABE - American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers ASA(CW) - Assistant Secretary of the Army for Civil Works ASCE - American Society of Civil Engineers ASDSO - Association of State Dam Safety Officials ASFM - Association of Floodplain Managers ASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASR - Annual Strategic Review ASRD - Annual Strategic Review Document ATON - Aids to Navigation ATON services of the US Coast Guard including buoys, shore line navigation markers, etc. ATR - Agency Technical Review AWG - Agenda Work Group; a MRRIC WG AWI - America’s Watershed Initiative A process sponsored by the Nature Conversancy North America Freshwater Program to develop a report card MRRIC Unabridged Glossary Abbreviations and Acronyms v27.0 Word 2003 MRRIC?-A-M-P Page 2 of 57 9/18/2017 October 15, 2009 –A-M on the Mississippi River watershed. http://www.americaswatershed.org The process involves stakeholder meetings via webinars. AWMA - Area Wide Market Appraisal for various regions in a state for Wetland Reserve Easement payments. AWP - Annual Work Plan; Annual work items for the MRRP. BBBB B - Billion BA - Biological Assessment; Synonyms [or other variables] Before-After BACI - Before-After-Control-Impact BGEPA - Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act BIA - Bureau of Indian Affairs; an agency of the US Department of the Interior BiOp - US Fish and Wildlife Service 2000 Biological Opinion as amended in 2003. The pallid sturgeon and least tern are listed as endangered, and the piping plover is listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) because their populations are low. Since 1944, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) have changed the river to provide for flood control and navigation on the Missouri River, but these changes affected the habitat for the fish and birds to the point that the population numbers decreased significantly along the river. Since all three of these species use the Missouri River for part or all of their lives, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) determined the Corps needed to change how it operates the dams and maintains the channel and banks to protect the three species and provide more habitats. Under the Endangered Species Act, the Service wrote the 2003 Amended Biological Opinion on the Operation of the Missouri River Main Stem Reservoir System, Operation and Maintenance of the Missouri River Bank Stabilization and Navigation Project, and Operation of the Kansas River Reservoir System (BiOp) which contains a Reasonable and Prudent Alternative (RPA). The RPA includes recommendations to the Corps to protect and provide more habitats for the birds and pallid sturgeon while still providing for flood control, navigation, and other authorized purposes. The BiOp also provides the science of why the populations of the three species are declining. It is the Service’s opinion that the Corps can change the river flows to mimic the flows prior to construction of the dams at important times during the year to provide more habitats for the birds to nest and the fish to spawn. The Service also recommended in the BiOp that the Corps build more habitats for the three species. The major elements of the Reasonable and Prudent Alternative are: ∙ Adaptive Management (a method for evaluating and adjusting operations to improve conditions for the species) ∙ Fort Peck Flow Changes (Intake Dam restoration activities have taken priority) ∙ Gavin’s Point Flow Changes MRRIC Unabridged Glossary Abbreviations and Acronyms v27.0 Word 2003 MRRIC?-A-M-P Page 3 of 57 9/18/2017 October 15, 2009 –A-M ∙ Unbalancing water levels of the upper three reservoirs ∙ Pallid Sturgeon population augmentation (growing sturgeon in a hatchery and placing them in the river to increase population) ∙ Aquatic and Terrestrial Habitat Restoration ∙ Science program including research, monitoring, and evaluation components Tribal Water Rights – The BiOp also includes how the species may be impacted by Tribal rights and natural resource management. The BiOp references United States v. Winters, 207 U.S. 564 (1908) in which the United States Supreme Court recognized the doctrine of reserved water rights, which assures that Native American lands will receive sufficient water to fulfill the purposes of the reservation. As tribal water rights are developed, the management of federally listed species may need reconsideration. Any tribal water development that requires Federal involvement may be subject to ESA section 7 consultation in accordance with Secretarial Order #3206. The Service is committed to harmonizing tribal rights, federal trust resources, and the ESA obligations to the extent possible. Blind Pony Hatchery - Blind Pony Fish Hatchery; MDC, 16285 BP Hatchery Dr, Sweet Springs, MO 65351, 660-335-4531 BLM - Bureau of Land Management; an agency of the US Department of the Interior (DOI) BMP - Best Management Practice(s) Usually refers to practices, activities and/or procedures to protect the environment. BMWR - Big Muddy Wildlife Refuge; is operated by the USFWS of the DOI. It is still under development and authorized purchases of 60,000 acres of flood plain lands from willing sellers is underway in different locations between St. Louis and Kansas City. This program proceeds without recommendations from the MRRIC. BNL - Brookhaven National Laboratory in Long Island, NY Bozeman FTC - Bozeman Fish Technology Center BOR - Bureau of Reclamation; synonyms [or other variables] ‘the Bureau’; an agency of the US Department of the Interior BRWFS - Big Rivers and Wetlands Field Station; a field station added to the Upper Mississippi River Restoration Program in 1991. Its primary responsibility is to carry the MDC’s mission of research, planning and education in relation to Missouri’s large rivers. BSNFWMP - Bank Stabilization and Navigation Fish and Wildlife Mitigation Project BSNP - Bank Stabilization and Navigation Project; The work accomplished with this project straightened the channel and stabilized the banks of the Missouri River with rock blankets on the banks (revetments) and piling and rock wing dikes in the channel. These structures provide a self scoured channel of design depth and a large deep channel for high rates MRRIC Unabridged Glossary Abbreviations and Acronyms v27.0 Word 2003 MRRIC?-A-M-P Page 4 of 57 9/18/2017 October 15, 2009 –A-M of flow that hold down high flood levels. The river will not naturally maintain the present channel without these rock and piling structures. The loss or lack of maintenance of these structures will result in shallow, wide and meandering multiple channels (braided stream). Along with higher flood levels, the meandering channels will undercut existing levees. Additionally, such structures on tributaries were included in the 1944 Flood Control Act. These were authorized but have yet to be funded as well as many Pick-Sloan levees that have never been funded nor built. CCCC CA(s) - Conservation Area (s),; synonyms [or other variables] Contributing Area(s); Geographic areas outside of the Missouri River main stem that contribute to the restoration of Key Ecological Attributes (KEA) of the Missouri River main stem. The CAs are identified based upon their ability to meet critically important habitat and species needs of the Missouri River main stem, their contribution to significant sources of stress upon those habitats and species, and opportunities to implement Management Measures (MMs). KEAs of life-sustaining attributes include features of hydrologic, geomorphic, biotic structure and composition, river chemistry, physical disturbance such as fire, and population dynamics attributes. The connection between a CAs and the Missouri River KEAs would be considered ‘ecological connectivity’ or a ‘nexus’. Together, the Missouri River main stem, its’ ‘contributing areas’, and the geographic extent of expected impacts comprise the entire geographic scope of the MRERP. The geographic scope of the MRERP is not expected to include all portions of all tributaries in the Missouri River Basin. CAA - Clean Air Act CAM - Collaborative Adaptive Management ; Sometimes by some persons sarcastically referred to as ‘another excuse to dither and delay’. CAP - Continuing Authorities Program; of the USACE; or, Conservation Action Plan; of the Nature Conservancy CAT - Cooperating Agencies Team; A team of representatives of Federal, State and Tribal entities. CAWS - Chicago Area Waterway System CCPI - Cooperative Conservation Partnership Initiative USDA-NRCS CDP - Capital Development Plan CEC - Cation-Exchange Capacity; a phenomenon that is an important characteristic of soil that has a direct effect on a soil’s ability to support plant life. The things that affect the CEC of a soil include the amounts of humus, sand, loam and clay in the soil profile. In a soil with the correct balance of these components, the higher the CEC the more fertile the soil. As a general rule, soils high in humus with a balance of loam and MRRIC Unabridged Glossary Abbreviations and Acronyms v27.0 Word 2003 MRRIC?-A-M-P Page 5 of 57 9/18/2017 October 15, 2009 –A-M clay have a higher CEC than soils that are predominantly sand. Flood plain soils along the Missouri are known to have a higher CEC than prairie soils thereby explaining their greater farm crop yields. CE/ICA - Cost Effectiveness/Incremental Cost Analysis with a software program to analyze recovery cost effectiveness for an individual specie CESCF - Cooperative Endangered Species Conservation Fund of the US-FWS CEM - Conceptual Ecological Model CEP - Critical Engagement Points CEQ - Council on Environmental Quality; This council has the assigned authority to update the Principles and Guidelines (P & Gs) for Water and Land Related Resources Implementation Studies. In the Water Resources Development Act of 2007, Congress instructed the Secretary of the Army to develop a new set of P & Gs for the Corps. The Administration has expanded the scope of the P & Gs to cover all federal agencies that undertake water resource projects like the USACE, BOR, NRCS and TVA that are subject to the current P & Gs. The revised P & Gs will have a number of important changes with regard to water resources development in this country. More information is available on CEQ's web site at www.whitehouse.gov/administration/eop/ceq/initiatives/PandG CE QUAL-W2 - A water quality model to understand water quality and to predict water quality at a given point. CERA - Catcher’s Earned Run Average in baseball statistics is the earned run average of the pitcher’s pitching when the catcher in question is catching. It is to measure a catcher’s game-calling, rather than his/her effect on the opposing team’s hit and run game. CERC - Columbia Environmental Research Center (USGS); Columbia, Missouri (573) 875-5399 http://www.cerc.usgs.gov CFR - Code of Federal Regulations cfs - cubic feet per second; it used to describe flow or discharge of water in a stream; approximately 449 gallons per minute CG - Construction General CHXO - Channel Cross Over; a point where the river channel changes banks in the river. CI - Confidence Interval CJS - Cormack-Jolly-Seber CLMU - Central Lowlands Management Unit CLP - Certified Levee Professional CLRT - Provide definition CM - Conservation Measure; Conceptual Model CMR - Charles M. Russell ‘National Wildlife Refuge, Montana’. Consists of 1.1 million acres of native prairie, river bottoms and timbered coulee canyons that embraces the 245,000 acre Fort Peck Reservoir and a portion of the Missouri River and all lying within the Missouri Breaks. MRRIC Unabridged Glossary Abbreviations and Acronyms v27.0 Word 2003 MRRIC?-A-M-P Page 6 of 57 9/18/2017 October 15, 2009 –A-M CNC - Candid non Committal; (discussion, statements, opinions, beliefs, etc.) synonyms [or other variations] see C²NC. C²NC - Civil Candid non Committal; (discussion, statements, opinions, beliefs, etc.) synonyms [or other variations] see CNC. CO - Commanding Officer; Contracting Officer COA - Conservation Opportunity Area COC - Contaminant of Concern (see NC) COE - Corps of Engineers; an agency of the Department of Defense COG - Councils of Government Commission - Missouri Clean Water Commission; see (CWC) COOP - Continuity of Operations Plan CO-OP - cooperative stream-gaging program CORBA - Central Ohio River Business Association CORET - COoperating for REcovery Team; synonyms [or other variations] CORE. CORE - COoperating for REcovery Team; synonyms [or other variations] CORET. Corps - Corps of Engineers; an agency of the Department of Defense CPOC - Civilian Personnel Operations Center CPC - Climate Prediction Center The NOAA center develops long-range weather forecasts for the Missouri River Basin CPUE - Catch Per Unit Effort; A standardize analysis on fish catch data based upon the amount of effort exerted for the catch. CPR - Coalition to Protect the River; synonyms [or other variables], Coalition to Protect the Missouri River. CR - Conservation Recommendation (for threatened and endangered species) CRA - Continuing Resolution Authority CREI - Comprehensive Rodent Elimination Initiative CRP - Construction Reference Plane; a synthesized water surface profile of the water surface of the river designated by the USACE. It is used as a design reference for construction of channel stabilization and rock structures in the river and public and private improvements on the banks and in the floodplain of the river. From the Construction Reference Plane (CRP), the elevation of the water’s surface can be determined at any point along the river. CRP - Conservation Reserve Program; of the USDA CREP - Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program CRREL - Corps’ Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory CRS - Community Rating System CRST - Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe CRWR - Charles M. Russell Wildlife Refuge (1.1 million acres) in Montana CSD - Commercial Sand Dredge CSDR - Coastal Storm Damage Reduction (projects) CSP - Conservation Stewardship Program USDA-NRCS CSRP - Comprehensive Sturgeon Research Program MRRIC Unabridged Glossary Abbreviations and Acronyms v27.0 Word 2003 MRRIC?-A-M-P Page 7 of 57 9/18/2017 October 15, 2009 –A-M CSU/DSU - Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit CTA - Conservation Technical Assistance USDA-NRCS CV - Coefficient of Variation CW - Civil Works CWA - Clean Water Act of 1974 administered by the EPA. CWC - Clean Water Commission (Missouri); a Governor appointed commission that oversees water quality requirements in the State CWCP - Current Water Control Plan; the plan for operating the water levels in the main steam reservoirs. CWE - Current Work Estimate CWG - Communications Work Group CWMS - Corps’ Water Management System CWQM - Continuous Water Quality Monitoring (program) CWT - Coded Wire Tag; A 2 to 3 millimeter (approx. 1/8th inch) long tag imbedded in flesh or fins of fish usually used to mark an entire batch of fish stocked in a given year. The location of the tag on a fish indicates the batch of fish it is from. CWWRP - Civil Works and Water Resources Programs CY - Calendar Year; January 1 to December 31 - Calendar Year; for MRRIC and the Federal budget it is October 1 to September 30 DDDD DBA - Draft Biological Assessment DCP - Data Collection Platform DEIS - Draft Environmental Impact Statement DFIRM - Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map; synonyms [or other variations] ‘FIRM’. DFL - Duration Flow Limit DHS - Department of Homeland Security; a United States cabinet level department. DO - Dissolved oxygen DOD - Department of Defense DOI - Department of the Interior DOMSAT - DOMestic SATellite DPS - Distinct Population Segment DQO - Data Quality Objectives DRAA - Disaster Relief Appropriations Act DRGS - Direct Readout Ground Station DRM - Daily Routing Model DSS - Data Storage System of the HEC EEEE EA - Environmental Assessment; synonyms [or other variations] Effects Analysis. Effects Analysis is that step in the PrOACT process where the MRRIC Unabridged Glossary Abbreviations and Acronyms v27.0 Word 2003 MRRIC?-A-M-P Page 8 of 57 9/18/2017 October 15, 2009 –A-M effects of proposed corrective actions (CA)’s are studied to provide the impact of the CA’s on the environment and Human Considerations (HC)’s. EAD - Expected Annual Damages EC - Even Chance; Often a legend on weather maps, etc. to predict that there is an even chance precipitation or runoff will be either more or less than the norm. EC - Engineering Circular is a publication containing USACE design standards. ECB - Engineering and Construction Bulletin ECP - Emergency Conservation Program; A USDA FSA cost share program to clear debris and sediment with overall purpose to return existing crop land to crop production. EDU - Ecological Drainage Unit; An area composed of a ‘drainage’ or a ‘watershed’. EE - Expert Elicitation; A process of drawing out of data from experts based upon the best science for survivability and conservation of the pallid sturgeon. EET - Expert Elicitation Team EIS - Environmental Impact Statement elev - elevation EMWIN - Emergency Managers Weather Information Network EMP - Environmental Management Program ENS - Environmental Stewardship EO - Executive Order EOC - Emergency Operations Center ERDC - Corps’ Engineering Research and Development Center EPA - Environmental Protection Agency An agency of the Executive Branch EQ - Environmental Quality; registers non-monetary effects on significant natural and cultural resources. EQIP - Environmental Quality Incentives Program USDA-NRCS ERDC - Engineer Research and Development Center ES - Engineered Sandbar(s) ESA - Endangered Species Act ESC - Executive Steering Committee ESH - Emergent Sandbar Habitat ESHMP - Emergent Sandbar Habitat Management Plan ESRI - Environmental Service Research Institute ERDC - Engineer Research and Development Center EWP - Emergency Watershed Program; A USDA NRCS program to remove debris and sediment to reestablish flood damaged public infrastructure (ditches, culverts, etc.) working through a sponsor like a levee district, etc. This program works in concert with FEMA. It does include repairs being made by the USACE. E&W - Energy and Water (resources) MRRIC Unabridged Glossary Abbreviations and Acronyms v27.0 Word 2003 MRRIC?-A-M-P Page 9 of 57 9/18/2017 October 15, 2009 –A-M FFFF F° - Fahrenheit FACA - Federal Advisory Committee Act FAPRI-UMC - Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute-University of Missouri Columbia FBM - Floodway Boundary Map; provided by FEMA that shows the flood boundary (total flooded area); and, the floodway boundary (the area in the flood plain necessary to allow the passage of a 100 year frequency flood or a 1 percent chance flood). FCCE - Flood Control and Coastal Emergency FCSA - Federal Cost Share Agreement FCW - Flood Control Works FDR - Flood Damage Reduction FEIS - Final Environmental Impact Statement; for the Missouri River Master Water Control Manual FEMA - Federal Emergency Management Agency; Federal agency of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) that administers the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) in the flood plains of the United States and disaster relief programs FERC - Federal Energy Regulatory Commission FFP - Fixed Firm Price FFRMS - Federal Flood Risk Management Standard FHMP - Flood Hazard Management Plan FIFMTF - Federal Interagency Floodplain Management Task Force FIOPs - Federal Interagency Operational Plans FIRM - Flood Insurance Rate Map; synonyms [or other variations] ‘DFIRM’, A map provided by FEMA for the purpose of administering flood plain development ordinances. It usually includes Base Flood Elevations that are regulatory 100 year (1% chance) flood frequency elevations and floodway boundaries. FIS - Flood Insurance Study; an Engineering study for the development of the FIRM FLMA - Federal Land Management Act of 1976 FMP - Floodplain Management Plan FNR - Focal Natural Resources; synonyms [or other variations]’ FNRs’; are the ecosystems and species that characterize the natural resources and ecological diversity of an ecosystem. They include a full suite of native ecosystem types plus a limited number of species with special management of life history. The resources are divided into 3 groups: ‘terrestrial ecosystems’, ‘ aquatic ecosystems’ and ‘individual species’. For MRRIC, these resources will be evaluated during the MRERP process. The resources will be considered in their natural state before the MRRIC Unabridged Glossary Abbreviations and Acronyms v27.0 Word 2003 MRRIC?-A-M-P Page 10 of 57