UNA EXPLORACIÓN TÉCNICA ALREDEDOR DEL RETRATO JUAN MANUEL PIEZCHACÓN APONTE Trabajo de grado para optar al título de : Maestro en artes visuales con énfasis en expresión plástica PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD JAVERIANA FACULTAD DE ARTES CARRERA DE ARTES VISUALES BOGOTÁ 2010 INTRODUCCIÓN MARCO DE REFERENCIA !"#$%&’()$#*’"#+,-.,’/0’#0’10$#’+#*23#4.’/02#*’#./#53$4’+$#*’#’15’3,6’/024,7/#084/,42#9#4$/4’50.2"# 2"3’*’*$3#*’"#3’0320$:##;2+#$%32+#<.’#+’#’15$/’/#’/#"2#6.’+032#’+0=/#$3-2/,>2*2+#’/#03’+#+’3,’+#<.’# ?.’3$/#3’2",>2*2+#’/#*,?’3’/0’+#6$6’/0$+#*’#"$+#@"(6$+#03’+#2A$+:#;2#53,6’32#+’3,’#?.’#3’2",>2*2#6.9# ,/0.,()26’/0’#0’/,’/*$#4$6$#3’?’3’/0’+#6,+#’15’3,’/4,2+#9#62’+03$+#2/0’3,$3’+:#;2+#$032+#*$+#+’3,’+# 3’+5$/*’/#2#./#53$4’+$#6=+#3’B’1,)$#*$/*’#,/B.9’3$/#4$/4’50$+#),+.2"’+#9#3’?’3’/0’+#23C+(4$+: ;2+# +’3,’+# ’+0=/# (0."2*2+D# EF3,0$+GH# EI03’++’*# E9# EJ,-,02"KL/MG:# ;2+# $%32+# 3’+5$/*’/# 2# ./# ,/0’38+# 53,/4,52"6’/0’#5$3#’"#3’0320$H#"2+#230’+#5"=+(42+#9#’"#-32/#?$3620$:#!/#’"#53,6’3#425N0."$#+’#’15$/’#./2# %3’)’#O,+0$3,2#*’"#3’0320$#<.’#53’0’/*’#4$/0’10.2",>23#9#6$+0323#./#5$4$#"2#’15"$324,7/#084/,42#<.’#+’#*,$# ’/#’"#4265$#*’"#3’032(+6$:#!"#53$9’40$#*’#-32*$#+’#4$65$/’#*’#/.’)’#3’0320$+#<.’#+’#*,),*’/#’/#03’+# 53$4’+$+#084/,4$+#*’#3’53’+’/024,7/:#;2#53,6’32#+’3,’H#EF3,0$+GH#?.’#3’2",>2*2#’/#7"’$#+$%3’#",’/>$#4$/# %$4’0$#’/#243N",4$#4$6$#53,6’32#4252:#;2#+’-./*2#+’3,’H#EI03’++’*GH#+’#4$65$/’#*’#,".+0324,$/’+#*,-,02"’+# ,653’+2+#’/#),/,"$#2*O’+,)$:#;2#0’34’32#+’3,’H#EJ,-,02"KL/MGH#+$/#,6=-’/’+#’/#(/02#+$%3’#525’": 1 BREVE HISTORIA DEL RETRATO !"#$%&’#($)*+,-.+$)*$/’&/0+$10)*0+($,’1*2*$ 3-*$1*’#4*&/*$#’$2’1’$*+$*#$1*5*60$)*#$’#4’7$ 8#$10+/10($*&/0&2*+($&0$+9#0$1*5*6’$*+/’)0+$ ’&:4;20+($ +;&0$ 3-*$ +*$ 20&<;*1/*$ *&$ -&’$ 1*,1*+*&/’2;9&$*4=#*4>?2’$)*$#’$,*1+0&’7@! ;2#O,+0$3,2#*’"#3’0320$#’+#42+,#02/#2/(-.2#4$6$#"2#O,+0$3,2#*’"#230’#6,+62P#*’+*’#’"#,/,4,$#*’#"2+#53,6’32+# 4."0.32+H#’"#+’3#O.62/$#+,/(7#"2#/’4’+,*2*#*’#3’032023+’#5232#"$-323#E3’-,+0323G#+.#52+$#9#+.#3’"24,7/#4$/# ’"#6./*$#’/#’"#<.’#),)N2:#!/#(’65$+#2/(-.$+H#"$+#53,6’3$+#3’0320$+#Q<.’#,/4".+$#’32/#O’4O$+#+$%3’#"$+# O.’+$+#*’#"$+#*,?./0$+R#+’3)N2/#4$6$#6’*,$+#5232#E,/6$302",>23#’"#2"62#*’"#*,?./0$#5232#<.’#*’#’+02# 62/’32#+.#423=40’3#9#+2%,*.3N2#5.*,’32/#’+023#53’+’/0’+#’/#"2+#+,-.,’/0’+#-’/’324,$/’+G!:#!+0$+#53,6’3$+# 3’0320$+#’32/#*’#423=40’3#0$+4$#9#2342,4$H#4$/#32+-$+#+,65",S42*$+H#%2+02/0’#2"’&2*$+#*’"#3’2",+6$H#9#5232# .+$+#/’026’/0’#’+5,3,0.2"’+:#!32/#+,65"’+#3’4$3*20$3,$+#*’#"2#’1,+0’/4,2#*’#./#,/*,),*.$#<.’3,*$#9#262*$# 5$3#+.+#523,’/0’+: Máscara de Jericó. Aprox. 6000 A.C. T$/#"2#""’-2*2#*’#"2#2-3,4."0.32#9#’"#+.3-,6,’/0$#*’#"2+#53,6’32+#-32/*’+#4,),",>24,$/’+H#’"#3’0320$#0$67# /.’)2+#?./4,$/’+#9#/.’)$+#)2"$3’+:#U2#/$#+7"$#+’3)N2#5232#3’4$3*23#2#./#*,?./0$#<.’3,*$H#+,/$#<.’#026%,8/# +’3)N2#5232#3’?$3>23#"2#,62-’/#*’#./#+’3#),),’/0’:#!+0’#’+#’"#42+$#*’#"2+#4."0.32+#+.6’3,2#9#’-,54,2H#’/#*$/*’# "$+#-32/*’+#-$%’3/2/0’+#.(",>23$/#’/$36’+#3’0320$+#5232#3’53’+’/023#+.#*$6,/,$#+$%3’#"$+#5.’%"$+:#!+0$+# 3’0320$+#’32/#O’4O$+#’/#+.#629$3N2#’/#5,’*32#Q<.’#+,6%$",>2%2/#"2#?.’3>2#9#’"#*$6,/,$#<.’#5’3*.32/#’/# ’"#(’65$RH#9#’/#+.+#53,6’32+#?2+’+#’32/#+,’653’#42/7/,4$+H#’+#*’4,3H#E/$#3’53’+’/02%2/#32+-$+#V+,4$+# ,/*,),*.2"’+#+,/$#32+-$+#4$6./’+#9#23<.’C5,4$+#9#+7"$#’32/#,*’/(S42%"’+#4$/#’"#,/*,),*.$#5$3#6’*,$#*’# +N6%$"$+#$#’+43,0$+#’/#"2#5,’*32G": ## W;LXYZ!IH#Z$+2#[23N2:#!"#Z’0320$#4$6$#6’*,$#*’#4$/$4,6,’/0$:#Z’),+02#;=5,>#L/0’3/24,$/2"H## 2 # X$"#\]^#QJ,4,’6%3’#\__^R#‘#]a# #b_ !$ ZYcW;IH#d:#c:#A;+/01;’$)*#$"1/*7#e234’"$/2D#W5(62H#f#’*,4,7/H#]gg]:#h$6$#\#5#bi "$ $IY;XYh#d.2/#Q!*:R:#A;+/01;’$)*#$"1/*$B’#<’/:#e234’"$/2D#I2")20#!*,0$3’+H#\_i^:#h$6$#\#5#ji !+0’#’+("$#*’#3’0320$#+’#62/0.)$#*.32/0’#6,"’/,$+H#+$+0’/,*$#5$3#./2#032*,4,7/#02/#4$/+’3)2*$32#4$6$# "2#’-,54,2#O2+02#<.’#S/2"6’/0’#8+02#""’-7#2#+.#5’3,$*$#023*N$H#’/#"2#4.2"#"$+#23(+02+#4$6’/>23$/#2#O24’3# .+$#*’#/.’)$+#620’3,2"’+#9#/.’)2+#084/,42+#<.’#*,’3$/#6=+#),*2#2"#230’#*’"#3’0320$:#!/#’+0’#5./0$#92#/$# +7"$#+’#3’03202%2#2#"$+#-32/*’+#-$%’3/2/0’+H#+,/$#026%,8/#2#"$+#/$%"’+#9#+24’3*$0’+H#<.,’/’+#4$6’/>23$/# 2#+’3#3’03202*$+#.(",>2/*$#/.’)$+#620’3,2"’+#4$6$#’"#%2+2"0$#2>."H#<.’#5’36,C2#629$3#*’02""’#9#629$3# /20.32",*2*#’/#"2#0’10.32:#Y+,6,+6$H#+’#4$6’/>23$/#2#*’&23#*’#"2*$#"$+#23<.’(5$+#’/#%.+42#*’#./2# 629$3#/20.32",*2*#9#’153’+,7/#,/*,),*.2":#!+0’#/.’)$#(5$#*’#/20.32",+6$#52+7#2"#/.’)$#,65’3,$#‘’3+2#9H# 5$+0’3,$36’/0’H#2#"2#&$)’/#4."0.32#-3,’-2: Cabeza de Hamurabi. !"#/24,6,’/0$#*’#"2#F3’4,2#T"=+,42#*,$#52+$#2#./2#/.’)2#’32#’/#"2#032*,4,7/#*’"#3’0320$:#;$+#2/(-.$+#-3,’-$+# Aprox. 2000 A.C. +,’653’#O2%N2/#0’/,*$#2#"$+#*,$+’+#4$6$#"2#,62-’/#*’#"2#5’3?’44,7/#O.62/2H#43’23$/#’+03,40$+#4=/$/’+# *’#%’""’>2#V+,42#9#’6$4,$/2"#4$/#"$+#4.2"’+#"$+#3’53’+’/02%2/:#!/#’+02#’0252H#’"#$%&’()$#*’"#23(+02#’32# 53,/4,52"6’/0’#*,),/,>23#2"#3’03202*$#6’*,2/0’#"2#3’53$*.44,7/#*’#4,’30$+#32+-$+#V+,4$+#<.’#’/42&2%2/# *’/03$#*’#"$+#4=/$/’+#*’#%’""’>2:#J’#’+02#62/’32#+’#"$-32%2#./#3’0320$#’/#’"#<.’#’"#,/*,),*.$#+’#?./*N2#4$/# "2#,62-’/#*’#./#*,$+#$#./#O83$’:#[.4O$+#-$%’3/2/0’+#+’#O,4,’3$/#3’032023#4$6$#k834."’+H#5$3#’&’65"$H#2+N# 4$6$#6.4O2+#*262+#+’#253$5,23$/#*’#"2#,62-’/#*’#Y?3$*,02: !+0$#+’#4$/$4’#4$6$#"2#,*’2",>24,7/#*’#"2#,62-’/H#./2#%’""’>2#S4(4,2#<.’#3’53’+’/02%2#9#’/2"0’4N2#2# Cabeza de Sacerdote egipcio. "2+#-32/*’+#S-.32+#5.%",42+:#T$/#"2#""’-2*2#*’"#,65’3,$#3$62/$H#E’+02#%’""’>2#,65’3+$/2"#4’*,7#2/0’# Aprox. 700 A.C. "2#,/*,),*.2",*2*#9#’"#’-$4’/03,+6$#O.62/$GfH#"’/026’/0’#’"#3’0320$#+’#?.’#O24,’/*$#6=+#3’2",+02#’# ,/*,),*.2":#;$+#-32/*’+#’65’32*$3’+#4$6’/>23$/#2#3’53$*.4,3#+.+#3’0320$+#3’2",+02+#’/#’+020.2+#5$3#0$*2+# "2+#4,.*2*’+H#2+N#4$6$#’/#"2+#6$/’*2+#9#+N6%$"$+#*’"#!+02*$:#;2#43’4,’/0’#/$%"’>2#-’/’37#./#’/$36’#-.+0$# 5$3#"$+#%.+0$+H#"$+#4.2"’+#?.’3$/#’/423-2*$+#’/#-32/*’+#42/(*2*’+#2#"$+#23(+02+H#<.,’/’+#+’#*’*,423$/# 2#3’032023#2#-’/’324,$/’+#’/0’32+#*’#?26,",2+#$5."’/02+:#U2#’/#’+0’#5./0$#4$6,’/>2#2#+.3-,3#’"#3’0320$# 5,4073,4$H#<.’#’/#53,/4,5,$#+’#5,/02%2#+$%3’#"2#+.5’3S4,’#*’#"2+#0.6%2+#3$62/2+#9#6$+032/*$#*’+*’#+.+# 0’6532/$+#4$6,’/>$+#./#-32/#3’2",+6$#9#/20.32",*2*: 3 Alejandro Magno como Apolo. Aprox. 200 A.C f# #T,02#*’##Ol5Dmmnnn:3’0320$+2"25,>:-2"’$/:4$6m53$*.40$+\f\ii]^:O06%##T$/+."02*$#’"#\g#*’#$40.%3’#*’#]g\g ;2#""’-2*2#*’"#T3,+(2/,+6$#9#"2#42N*2#*’"#L65’3,$#Z$62/$#*’#$44,*’/0’#0.),’3$/#./#’?’40$#*326=(4$#+$%3’# "2#4."0.32#*’"#3’0320$:#;2#?2"02#*’#3’4.3+$+#’4$/76,4$+#9#’"#4$/03$"#*’#"2#L-"’+,2#+$%3’#’"#5.’%"$H#O,4,’3$/# <.’#*.32/0’#6.4O$+#+,-"$+#’"#230’#’+0.),’32#4,34./+43,0$#2"#=6%,0$#3’",-,$+$:#;$+#23(+02+#+’#",6,023$/#2#"2# *’4$324,7/#*’#"2+#420’*32"’+#9#’/#$03$+#42+$+#2#"2#,".+0324,7/#*’#",%3$+#3’",-,$+$+#’#O,+073,4$+H#’/#*$/*’#92# /$#+’#%.+42%2#"2#3’53’+’/024,7/#3’2",+02#+,/$H#5$3#’"#4$/0323,$H#./2#3’53’+’/024,7/#,4$/$-3=S42#*’#?=4,"# "’40.32:# !+02#’0252H#’/#*$/*’#’"#3’0320$#’+#42+,#,/’1,+0’/0’H#5’3*.37#5$3#6.4O$+#+,-"$+#O2+02#<.’#S/2"6’/0’#!.3$52# +2",7#*’#"2#!*2*#[’*,2#9#’/037#’/#./#/.’)$#25$-’$#’4$/76,4$#4$/#’"#3’+.3-,6,’/0$#*’#"2#),*2#.3%2/2:# Busto de Julio Cesar. Aprox. 50 A.C !+0’#426%,$#+’#423240’3,>2#5$3#./#/.’)$#,65."+$#2"#,/*,),*.2",+6$#<.’#+’#3’B’&7#’/#’"#+.3-,6,’/0$#*’"#230’# *’#2.0$3:#!+0$#53$5,4,7#"2#2523,4,7/#*’#/.’)$+#6’4’/2+#*’"#230’#<.’H#+.62*$+#2"#,/)’/0$#*’#"2#5,/0.32#2"# 7"’$H#?$6’/023$/#"2#3’2523,4,7/#*’"#3’0320$H#9#’+02#)’>#6=+#),)$#<.’#/./42:#;$+#53,6’3$+#,/*,4,$+#*’#’+0’# o.’)$#3’0320$#"$+#)’6$+#’/#"$+#‘2N+’+#e2&$+#4$/#5’3+$/2&’+#4$6$#C’&$<’&$8D2E#9#F0G*1$<’&$)*1$H*D)*&:# !/#’+0’#5./0$#’"#3’0320$#92#/$#’+#./2#,62-’/#,*’2",>2*2#+,/$#./#S’"#3’4.’3*$#*’"#5’3+$/2&’#),)$:#!"#.+$#*’"# 7"’$#5’36,(7#2#"$+#23(+02+#"$-323#*’02""’+#9#4$"$3’+#/./42#2/0’+#2"42/>2*$+H#"$#<.’#+,0.7#2#"2#5,/0.32#4$6$# ’"#/.’)$#6’*,$#,*’2"#5232#’"#3’0320$:#h26%,8/#’+#,65$302/0’#0’/’3#’/#4.’/02#’"#3’*’+4.%3,6,’/0$#*’#"2+# ,*’2+#9#?$362+#4"=+,42+H#"2+#4.2"’+#""’/23$/#*’#),-$3#’#,/+5,324,7/#2#"$+#23(+02+H#<.,’/’+#%.+423$/#42*2#)’># ./#629$3#3’2",+6$#9#*3262(+6$#’/#+.+#$%32+:#Y<.N#’"#23(+02#+’#53’$4.52%2#5$3#"$+#’?’40$+#*’#".>H#"$+# Retrato medieval de un noble y su músico. Aprox. 800 D.C. ’?’40$+#*’#)$".6’/H#"2#5’3+5’4()2H#"$-32/*$#$%32+#<.’#*’+0242%2/#5$3#+.#,653’+,$/2/0’#3’2",+6$: !+0$+#5’3,$*$+#*’#+.5’324,7/#23C+(42#+$/#"$#<.’#4$/$4’6$+#4$6$#!"#Z’/24,6,’/0$H#!"#e233$4$H#9#!"# Z$4$47H#’/#*$/*’#+’#?$3623$/#"2#629$3N2#*’#"$+#-32/*’+#62’+03$+#*’#"2#O,+0$3,2#*’#"2#5,/0.32:#Y3(+02+# 4$6$#;’$/23*$#*2#X,/4,H#Z2?2’"#I2/>,$H#F,2/"$3’/>$#e’3/,/,H#‘’*3$#‘2%"$#Z.%’/+H#*’&23$/#+.#O.’""2#’/#"2# O,+0$3,2#/$#+7"$#5$3#"2#42",*2*#*’#+.+#3’0320$+#+,/$#5$3#+.#’+("$#53$5,$#9#53$5.’+02#084/,42:#!+#./#5./0$# *$/*’#’"#23(+02#52+7#2#+’3#’"#53$02-$/,+02#6=+#,65$302/0’#*’#0$*2#"2#$%32:#!+02#?.’#"2#85$42#*’#"$+#-32/*’+# 62’+03$+H#’/#*$/*’#?.’3$/#+.626’/0’#3’+5’02*$+#9#253’4,2*$+H#/$#+$"26’/0’#5$3#"2#-32/#42",*2*#*’#+.# $%32#+,/$#026%,8/#5$3<.’#2/0’+#*’#"2#?$0$-32V2H#"2#5,/0.32#4$/+(0.N2#"2#@/,42#?$362#*’#3’-,+03$#),+.2"# 4 Jan Van Eyck. 1400 D.C ’1,+0’/0’:# Y#S/2"’+#*’"#+,-"$#pLpH#4$/#"2#""’-2*2#*’"#o’$4"2+,4,+6$H#"2#?./4,7/#*’"#3’0320$#5,4073,4$#4$6$#S’"#3’0320$#*’# "2#3’2",*2*#O2%N2#""’-2*$#2#+.#0$5’:#;$+#5,/0$3’+#O2%N2/#"$-32*$#3’43’23#"2+#?$362+#5’3?’402+H#"$+#4$"$3’+# 5’3?’40$+H#"$+#’?’40$+#*’#’+524,$#9#".>H#’04:#!/#’+’#6$6’/0$#""’-2#"2#,/)’/4,7/#*’#"2#?$0$-32V2H#"2#4.2"#",%’37# 2#"$+#23(+02+#*’#"2#3’53’+’/024,7/#3’2",+02#9#"’+#2%3,7#52+$#2#/.’)2+#*,6’/+,$/’+:#EU2#’"#6./*$#V+,4$#O2%N2# +,*$#+.5’32*$H#’32#O$32#*’#’/0323#’/#/.’)$+#6./*$+#’/#"2#5+,<.’#O.62/2:Gj#!+02#/.’)2#,*’2#4$6’/>7#2# 62/,?’+023+’#’/#"2#5,/0.32#3$6=/(42H#’/#"2#4.2"#"$+#23(+02+#%.+42%2/#,3#6=+#2""=#*’#"2#3’2",*2*:#e.+42%2/# 032/+6,(3#5$3#6’*,$#*’#5,/4’"2*2+#6=+#+.’"02+#9#*,/=6,42+#"2#?.’3>2#’6$4,$/2"#*’"#3’03202*$:#e.+42%2/# ’"#,/0’3,$3#5$3#’/4,62#*’#"2#2523,’/4,2H#%.+42%2/#"2#’+’/4,2:#J’#’+02#62/’32#’"#-’+0$#5,4073,4$#+’#)$"),7# 6=+#233,’+-2*$H#"2+#?$362+#6’/$+#,*’2"’+H#"$+#4$"$3’+#6’/$+#3’2"’+P#5’3$#42*2#)’>#4$/#./2#629$3#?.’3>2# Inocencio X. Velázquez. 1650 D.C ’6$4,$/2":#q/#’&’65"$#*’#’+0$#+$/#"2+#5,/0.32+#*’"#5$+(653’+,$/,+02#X,/4’/0#X2/#F$-O#Q‘2N+’+#e2&$+RH#’/# "2+#4.2"’+#+’#O24’#’),*’/0’#"2#%@+<.’*2#*’#./2#3’2",*2*#6=+#53$?./*2#<.’#032+4,’/*’#+$%3’#"2#620’3,2:# ;$+#032>$+#%3.+4$+H#"$+#4$"$3’+#’12-’32*$+#9#’"#’14’+$#*’#5,/0.32#/$+#""’)2/#2#./#5"2/$#6=+#53$?./*$#*’# 3’53’+’/024,7/:#U2#/$#’+#+7"$#3’4$/$4’3/$+#’/#"2#?$362P#+’#03202#*’#032/+-3’*,3"2:#I’#03202#*’#&.-23#4$/# /.’)2+#?$362+H#/.’)$+#+,-/,S42*$+H#/.’)2+#3’2",*2*’+: 5 Autorretrato. Van Gogh. j# #[!hhYLI#X2"83,’:#I0-<1*($+;*/*$+;G#0+$)*$,;&/-1’:#X’3+2""’+D#Y30#;9+H#]gggP#5#]^a 1889 D.C. ANTECEDENTES ;2#53,6’32#*’#6,+#5,/0.32+#<.’#4$/+’3)$#’+#*’#./#5=&23$#)$"2/*$#+$%3’#./#52,+2&’#)’3*’:#c.’#./#’&’34,4,$# 5232#./2#4"2+’#*’#5,/0.32#<.’#0.)’#2#"$+#+,’0’#2A$+:#Z’4.’3*$#<.’#"2#4"2+’#’32#0$*$+#"$+#&.’)’+#*’+5.8+# *’"#4$"’-,$#9#2#’""2#2+,+C2/#./$+#$4O$#/,A$+H#*’#"$+#4.2"’+#*$+#’32/#6,+#O’362/$+:#;$+#03,"",>$+#N%26$+#2# 253’/*’3#+$%3’#O,+0$3,2#*’"#230’H#*,%.&$#9#5,/0.32:#‘,"23H#"2#53$?’+$32H#/$+#’/+’A2%2#2#.+23#"2+#*,?’3’/0’+# Pintura de Alfredo Araujo 084/,42+#4$6$#’"#423%7/H#’"#-32S0$H#’"#243N",4$#9#’"#7"’$:#h320=%26$+#0’62+#4$6$#2/,62"’+H#52,+2&’+#9# Santoyo %$*’-$/’+P#2+N#4$6$#’&’34,4,$+#*’#"N/’2H#4$"$3#9#03262H#"$+#4.2"’+#6’#+,3),’3$/#*’#53=4(42#5232#3’43’23#"2# ,".+,7/#*’#)$".6’/#9#3’53’+’/023#"2+#?$362+#<.’#<.’3N2: J’+5.8+#*’#‘,"23H#$#E‘,",G#4$6$#"’#*’4N26$+H#),/$#+.#O,&$#Y"?3’*$#<.,’/#3’-3’+2%2#*’#e8"-,42#*’#’+0.*,23# *,%.&$#9#S-.32#O.62/2:#;2#4"2+’#0’/N2#".-23#’/#+.#2523026’/0$#9#8326$+#+7"$#03’+#2".6/$+P#6,#O’362/$# 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Aguirre ’+02#4"2+’#53$?./*,48#’/#"$+#3’0320$+#2"#7"’$#9#’65’48#"2#+’3,’#EF3,0$+GH#"2#4.2"#2*’"2/02%2#’/#"2#242*’6,2# c=%."2: ;2#$%32#*’#F2%3,’"#I,")2#53’+’/02#42+,#+,’653’#S-.32+#O.62/2+#’/#52,+2&’+#2%+03240$+H#"2#52"’02#*’#4$"$3# <.’#.+2#+’#4$65$/’#*’#3$&$+#9#)’3*’+#$+4.3$+H#42?8+H#$43’+#9#/’-3$+:#Y./<.’#"2#629$3N2#*’#+.#53$*.44,7/# +$/#$%32+#*’#-32/#0262A$H#026%,8/#4.’/02#4$/#032%2&$+#’/#?$3620$+#6’/$3’+:#!"#,/0’38+#5$3#’"#4$"$3H#0’62# 9#?$3620$#*’"#62’+03$#I,")2#+’#032/+6,(7#2#"2#4"2+’H#42*2#’+0.*,2/0’#*’%N2#O24’3#5$3#"$#6’/$+#./#4.2*3$# ’/#-32/#?$3620$#*.32/0’#’"#+’6’+03’:#;$+#7"’$+#53’5232*$+#’/#4"2+’#4$33’+5$/*N2/#2#"2#52"’02#*’#4$"$3#<.’# 8"#.+2%2H#5.’+#"$+#5,-6’/0$+#<.’#+’#4$/+,-.’/#’/#’"#6’342*$#+$/#53,/4,52"6’/0’#4$"$3’+#(’332: $ 9 Pintura de Frankilng Aguirre (Detalle)