. Majure, L.C. 2014. Typifications and a nomenclatural change in some eastern North American q£?£//7tfa(Cactaceae). Phytoneuron 2014-106: 1-2. Published 12 November 2014. ISSN 2153 733X AND A NOMENCLATURAL CHANGE TYPIFICATIONS IN SOME EASTERN NORTH AMERICAN OPUNTIA (CACTACEAE) Lucas Majure C. Department of Research, Conservation, and Collections Desert Botanical Garden ,l< ,,, n ,- . I I Phoenix, Arizona 85008 lui II .' . i ABSTRACT Recent advances in our understanding of the evolutionary relationships of eastern North American Opuntia closely allied to Opuntia humifusa, the O. humifusa complex, have resulted in i.e., the necessity for a taxonomic revision of the group. Here neotypify two species described by I Rafinesque for which no type specimens exist, O. cespitosa and O. mesacantha. I also change the taxonomic status of a species described by J.K. Small, O. lata, to subspecific rank, with the new combination O. mesacantha subsp. lata (Small) Majure comb, et stat. nov. Opuntia macrartha Gibbes also neotypified based on material collected by J.K. Small from around the type locality for is that taxon, as is O. atrocapensis, for which no type has eves' been located. Members of the Opuntia humifusa complex, primarily of eastern North America east of the & Mississippi River, have been included in numerous treatments (Britton Rose 1920, 1923; Small & 1903, 1913, 1919, 1933; Radford et al. 1968; Benson 1981; Doyle 1990; Pinkava 2003; Wunderlin Hansen 2011). However, there are specific taxa within the group that have not been typified still (e.g., O. cespitosa Raf, O. mesacantha Raf; Rafinesque 1830) or for which the type specimens no longer exist (e.g., O. macrartha Gibbes) or have never been found (O. atrocapensis Small; see Benson 1982). This group is the subject of a taxonomic revision (Majure et al. in prep.) and has been & studied in detail from a phylogenetic as well as morphological and cytogenetic standpoint (Majure & & Ervin 2008; Majure Ribbens 2012; Majure et al. 2012a b, 2013; Majure et al. in prep.). These recent studies also have provided evidence for the recognition of subspecific taxa of two distinct ploidal levels (diploid and tetraploid; Majure et al. 2012b; Majure et al. in prep.) within the more widespread species, O. mesacantha. That nomenclatural change also provided below. is NEOTYPE Opuntia atrocapensis Small, Man. SE. Fl. 905. 1933. TYPE: not found. (designated here): USA. Florida. Monroe Co.: sand dunes; Middle Cape Sable, 28 Nov 1916, J.K. Small s.n. (US!). Opuntia cespitosa Raf, Bull. Bot. Seringe. 216. 1830. TYPE: not designated by the author. NEOTYPE (designated here): USA. Kentucky. Woodford Co.: Hwy 60 N at jet. of Hwy 62, justN of Versailes, 9 Jun 2008, L.C. Majure 3275 (neotype: FLAS!; isoneotype: US!). Note: the specific epithet for this iaxon is often spelled "caespitosa;" Rafinesque (1830), however, first published the name as "cespitosa.'' so that spelling is maintained here. Non Opuntia caespitosa Poepp., Reise Chile 356. 1835. Opuntia mesacantha Raf. Bull. Bot. Seringe. 216. 1830. TYPE: not designated by the author. NEOTYPE (designated here): USA. Virginia. Hampton, 31 May 1878, J.W. Chickering, Jr. s.n. (US!). Opuntia mesacantha subsp. lata (Small) Majure, comb, et stat. nov. Opuntia lata Small, Jour. N. Y. W Bot. Gard. 1919. TYPE: USA. Florida. [Alachua Co.], pine-woods, 12 mi of Gainesville, 13 Dec 1917, J.K. Small (holotype: NY!). s.n. Majure: Typifications and nomenclature in Opuntia 2 Opuntia macrartha Gibbes, Proc. Elliott Soc. Nat. Hist. 273. 1859. TYPE: USA. South Carolina, 1: within a few miles of Charleston, Sept 1857, presumably collected by Gibbes], no [1 repository cited. Gibbes' collection was housed at, and subsequently disappeared from, the Charleston Museum during the US Civil War (see Benson 1982). NEOTYPE (designated here): USA. South Carolina. Charleston Co.: Isle of Palms, near Charleston, 14 Feb 1916, NY! J.K. Small (neotype: US!; isoneotypes: US!). s.n. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS thank the curators of the New York Botanical Garden (NY) and the US Nat ional Herbarium I (US) for specimen loans used in this study and K. Perkins, N. Williams, T. Linder for help with processing loans at the University of Florida Herbarium (FLAS). I also thank W. S. Judd for comments on a previous version of the manuscript. LITERATURE CITED Benson, L. 1982. The Cacti of the United States and Canada. Stanford Univ. Press, Stanford, California. Britton, N.L. and J.N. Rose. 1920. The Cactaceae Vol. Carnegie Institute of Washington, 1. Washington, DC. Britton, N.L. and J.N. Rose. 1923. The Cactaceae Vol. 4. Carnegie Institute of Washington, Washington, DC. Doyle, J.D. 1990. Systematics of the Opuntia humifusa complex. Ph.D. dissertation. Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Majure, L.C. and G.N. Ervin. 2008. The Opuntia (Cactaceae) of Mssissippi. Haseltonia 14:1 li- ne. Majure, L.C. and E. Ribbens. 2012. Chromosome counts of Opuntia (Cactaceae), prickly pear cacti, in the midwestern United States and environmental factors restricting the distribution of Opuntiafragilis. Haseltonia 17: 58-65. Majure, L.C, R. Puente, M.P. Griffith, W.S. Judd, P.S. Soltis, and D.S. Soltis. 2012a. Phylogeny of Opuntia (Cactaceae): Reticulate evolution, geographic origins, and clade delineation. s.s. Amer. 847-864. Bot. 99: J. Majure, L.C, D.E. Soltis, P.S. Soltis, and W.S. Judd. 2012b. Cytogeography of the Humifusa clade of Opuntia (Cactaceae: Opuntioideae): Correlations with geographic distributions and s.s. morphological differentiation of a polyploid complex. Comp. Cytogen. 6: 53-77. A Majure, L.C, D.E. Soltis, P.S. Soltis, and W.S. Judd. 2013. case of mistaken identity, Opuntia abjecta, long-lost in synonymy under the Caribbean species, O. triacantha, and reassessment DOI of the enigmatic O. cubensis. Brittonia 66: 118-130. 10.1007/sl2228-013-9307-z. Pinkava, D.J. 2003. Opuntia. Pp. 123-148, in Flora of North America Editorial Committee (eds), New 1993+. Flora of North American North of Mexico. 12+ vols. York and Oxford,. CR Radford, AE., H.E. Ahles, and Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. Univ. of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill. Rafinesque, CS. 1830. Bulletin Botanique, ou Collection de notices originales et d'extraits desouvrages botaniques, souvent accompagne's de gravures repre'sentant des analyses d'organes importants de la fleur ou du fruit, etc. Vol. 2. Paris. New Small, J.K. 1903. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Published by the author, York. New Small, J.K. 1913. Flora of the Southeastern United States (ed. 2). Published by the author, York New Small, J.K. 1919. The prickly pears of Florida. York Bot. Gard. 20: 21-39. J. Small, J.K. 1933. Manual of the Southeastern Flora. Univ. of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill. Wunderlin, R.P. and B.F. Hansen. 2011. Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida (ed. 3). Univ. Press of Florida, Gainesville.