Two New Species of Myrtaceae from South America Leslie f\. hindrum School ol Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-4501, U.S.A. les. [email protected] Abstract. Two new species of Myrtaceae are de¬ closed calyx, a character that until now was useful scribed and illustrated, Calycolpus aequatorialis of in separating the genera. Ecuador and Psidium huanueoense of Peru. Caly¬ colpus aequatorialis appears to have a close relative I. Calycolpus aequatorialis Landrum, sp. nov. in C. surinamensis, but differs in having a closed TYPE: Ecuador. Sucumbios: Sendero La Hor- calyx, relatively little indumentum, and strongly 4- miga, 0°5'25"N, 76°12'50"W, 26 Apr. 1986 vvinged twigs. Psidium huanueoense is compared (fl), ./. Jaramillo H4H7 (holotype, QCA. ASU with the similar species P. acutangulum from which photo; isotypes, NY, QCA, ASL photos). Fig- it differs in having velvety indumentum of short, u re 1. yellowish, erect hairs and larger leaves. Compari¬ Haec species Calycolpo surinamensi prime aspectu sim- son with P. guineense is also made, from which it ilis, sed ealyce ante anthesin elauso, sub anthesi irregu- differs in venation, number of ovules, anther length, lariter lisso, el ramunculis juvenibus 4-alatis differt. and hair length. Arbor usque 12-metralis; folia lanceolata, elliptica, vel Key words: Calycolpus, Ecuador, Myrtaceae, oblonga, 8.7—18 X 3.6-6.7 cm, 2—3.4 plo longiora quam Peru, Psidium. latiora, apice aeuminato, plerumque falcato; stamina ea. 325, ea. I cm tonga, antherae ea. 3 mm longae, connec- tivum multi-glanduliferum. Calycolpus 0. Berg is a genus of ea. 12 species free ea. 12 m high, glabrous to minutely puber- ranging from Central America to Minas Gerais, ulent, sometimes densely so on hypanthium and ca¬ Brazil, with the greatest diversity in northeastern lyx apex within; hairs whitish, to ca. 0.25 mm long, South America in the Guayana Highlands (Mc- mainly appressed; young twigs with 4 prominent Vaugh, 1969). It is closely related to Psidium L. wings (to ca. 1 mm w ide), dark reddish brown when and distinguished from it by a combination of in¬ dry. glabrous to moderately appressed puberulent. florescence, floral, and seed coat characters (Lan¬ Leaves lanceolate, elliptic or oblong, 8.7—18 cm drum & Sharp. 1989). For a few years I have been long, 3.6-6.7 cm wide, 2-3.4 times as long as wide, aware of an unusual species from northeastern Ec¬ glabrous or nearly so; apex acuminate, usually fal¬ uador, known from a single collection, that I as¬ cate; base obtuse to acute; petiole 5—6 mm long, sumed belonged to Psidium because of its closed 1.5—2 mm wide, channeled, sparsely appressed pu¬ calyx and strongly 4-winged tw igs, characters com¬ berulent; midvein prominent below, impressed mon in Psidium. These same characters were until above, the venation brochidodromous, with 15 to now unknown and rare, respectively, in Calycolpus. 20 pairs of lateral veins, these prominent below, The best characters for distinguishing Psidium and impressed above, leaving the midvein at an angle Calycolpus are in the seeds, which are still un¬ of 60—80°, a clear marginal vein connecting with known lor this species, so some doubt remains, but laterals and ± paralleling the margin, running ca. on consideration of other characters, I believe this 2—4 mm within the margin, the tertiary veins con¬ species is best placed in Calycolpus. It has ovate, necting the larger veins in a ± dendritic pattern; persistent bracteoles, which are unknown in Psi¬ blades coriaceous, drying dark reddish brown. dium, but found in some species of Calycolpus. It Flower buds pyriform, ca. 18 mm long; peduncles has bracteate shoot inflorescences with a short axis uniflorous, 12-26 mm long. ca. 2 mm wide, terete and leaves that dry dark reddish brown, both of to somewhat flattened, borne in axillary clusters which are common characters in Calycolpus and (short bracteate shoots), obscurely and sparsely pu¬ rare in Psidium. The prominent brochidodromous berulent; bracteoles ovate to suborbicular, ca. 3.5 venation with the marginal vein closely following mm long and wide, often wider than long, clasping the margin is unusual in Psidium, but essentially hypanthium, persisting at least until anthesis; calyx identical to that found in C. surinamensis. This is closed in bud. prolonged in an apiculale tip. tearing the first speeies of Calycolpus known that has a irregularly at anthesis, sparsely puberulent without Novon 15: 442-446. Publishf.d on 21 September 2005, Volume 15, Number 3 Landrum 443 2005 Myrtaceae from South America figure 1. Calycolpus aequatorialis Landrum. —A. Branchlet with flower buds and old flowers. —B. Magnified portion of young 4-winged twig and short bracteate shoot bearing a flower bud. —C. Longitudinal section of a flower bud with two views of the placenta with numerous ovules, and a cross section of a floral ovary. —D. Magnified view of anthers showing the glands in the connectives. A—D, Jaramillo 8487 (QCA). and within, more densely so near apex within, the dissected; ovules ea. 75 in 1 loeule observed, ca. remnants ca. 0.2 mm thick when dry; petals gla¬ 10-seriate, the placenta a nearly sessile, peltate brous except for a ciliate margin, strongly glandu¬ pad. Fruit unknown. lar; hypanthium ca. 8 mm long, densely puberulent; disk subglabrous, ca. 10 mm across; stamens ca. This remarkably distinct species is known from 325, to ca. I cm long; anthers oblong, to ea. 3 mm a single gathering made by J. Jaramillo, who col¬ long, with 8 to 22 glands in connective; style ca. lected several duplicates, surely realizing that it 12 mm long, glabrous; ovary 3-locular in I flower was something unusual. Habitat information is 444 Novon lacking from the label, hut judging from other col¬ (sometimes abruptly so); base euneate to rounded; lections by Jaramillo from the general vicinity (in¬ petiole 5—12 mm long, 1.5—3 mm wide, channeled, formation available through Tropicos at MO, <hltp: puberulent to glabreseent; midvein prominent be¬ //mobot.mobot.org/W3T/Search/vast.html>), it is a low1, impressed above, the venation brochidodrom- lowland wet tropical forest at about 250 m that is ous or partially eucamptodromous, with 7 to 10 rich in Araceae, Bignoniaeeae, Gesneriaceac, Laur- pairs of lateral veins, these prominent below, im¬ aceae, etc. This single collection was flowering in pressed to about flat above, leaving midvein at April. about 45°. a clear marginal vein evident at least In describing Calyeolpus surinamemis, McVaugh distally, arching slightly between laterals, ± equal¬ (1969) drew attention to the strong venation and ing laterals in prominence, running 3-12 mm from large persistent bracteoles as being unusual char¬ margin, a second weaker marginal vein running acters iu Calyeolpus, both characters that it shares along margin itself sometimes evident, the tertiary with C. aequatorialis. The lateral veins in these veins connecting larger veins in a dendritic (rarely species leave the midvein at an angle of about 60° ladder-like) pattern; blades coriaceous, drying dark or more. This type of venation is also found in C. reddish brown above, olive green below. Flower bolivarensis Landrum and similar bracteoles are buds pyriform, 15—17 mm long, densely puberu¬ possessed by C. legrandii Mattos, species unknown lent; peduncles uniflorous or triflorous, 10—22 mm to McVaugh. Closed calyces appear to have evolved long, to 2.5 mm wide, flattened, the lateral arms of numerous times iu Myrtaceae. so it is not surprising the dichasia to ca. 8 mm long; bracteoles lanceo¬ to find them also in Calyeolpus. All the specimens late-linear, 6—10 mm long, 1—2 mm w ide, puberu¬ known to me are of a single collection and arc held lent, caducous before anthesis; calyx closed in bud. at QC A and NY. terminating in an acute to acuminate tip. tearing Psidium L. (Myrtaceae) is a genus of at least 50 irregularly at anthesis, the remnants 0.5—0.7 mm and perhaps as many as 100 species ranging from thick when dry; petals obovate to suborbicular, Mexico and the Caribbean to Argentina and Uru¬ probably ca. 1.5 cm long when expanded, strongly guay. The distinguishing characters of Psidium are glandular, densely appressed puberulent centrally discussed in Landrum (2003) and in Landrum and without; hvpanthium campanulate, about 6—7 mm Sharp (1989). long; disk ca. 6 mm across; stamens ca. 600, ca. 12 mm long; anthers oblong, ca. 1.5 mm long (per- 2. Psidium huaiiucocnse Landrum, sp. nov. ha, is longer when fully expanded), with 5 to 10 TYPE: Peru. Iluanuco: Puerto Inca, Dtto. Yu- glands in the connective; style glabrous, to ca. 1.5 yapichis, Unidad Modelo de Manejo y Pro¬ cm long, the stigma peltate; ovary 5-locular in 1 duction Forestal DANTAS, 9°40'S, 75°02'W. ovary examined; ovules ea. 265 iu 1 locale exam¬ 270 m, 16—30 Apr. 1990, Telia 47 (holotype, ined. Fruit ca. 5 cm diam.; seeds probably more USM. ASU photo; isotypes, C, ASH photo, NY. than 200. 4—5 mm long. ASU photo). Figure 2. Phenology. Flowering in April: fruiting in No¬ vember. Haec species Psidio aeutangulo prime aspectu similis. sed alabastro el fructu pi I is ereetis densis ochraceis dif- Habitat and distribution. Based on label data, fert. the habitat is wet tropical forest at ca. 280 m, with Arbor usque 15-metralis; ramunculi juvenes 4-alati; fo¬ lia elliptica-ovalia, ovata vel lanceolata, 8.5—21 X 5.5—9 ca. 2.5 m of annual precipitation and an average cm. 1.3—2.5 plo longiora cpiam laliora; calyx ante anlhesin temperature of 23—25°C; so far known from a re¬ clauses, sub antbesi irregulariter fissus; stamina ca. 600, stricted region of Iluanuco. Peru. ea. 12 mm longa, antherae ca. 1.5 mm longae; loculi ea. Specimens of Psidium huanucoense have pre¬ 265-ovulati. viously been identified as P. acutangulum DC., Tree to ca. 15 m high, sparsely to densely pu- and it resembles that species except for the vel¬ berulent on most surfaces; hairs light tan to whitish, vety indumentum of fine, yellowish, erect hairs, usually erect, to ca. 0.25 mm long; young twigs with this condition being especially distinct on the 1 prominent wings, light brown to reddish brown flower bud and fruit and quite unlike P. acutan¬ when dry, moderately puberulent, glabreseent with gulum. The leaves of P. huanucoense are generally age. Leaves elliptic, ovate, or lanceolate, 8.5—2 I much larger (8.5—21 X 5.5—9 cm) than in P. acu¬ cm long. 5.5—9 cm wide, 1.3—2.5 times as long as tangulum (3.5—13 X 1.5—5.6 cm). The peltate pla¬ wide, moderately puberulent below (especially centa with a broad smooth central area is unlike along veins), sparsely puberulent to glabreseent P. acutangulum and more similar to P. guineense above; apex broadly rounded to acute or acuminate Swartz. It differs from P. guineense in having a Volume 15, Number 3 Landrum 445 2005 Myrtaceae from South America strong marginal vein. The number of ovules is few¬ (hud), Telia 1756 (G, MO. USM), I Nov. 1989 (fr). IS. hriill Saldana 6H4 (ASU). er in /\ guineense (generally 50 to 100), the an¬ thers usually longer (1—3 mm), and the hairs lon¬ ger (0.3—0.5 mm). The acute to acuminate tip of Acknowledgments. I thank mv colleagues J. Jar- the closed c alyx of P. huanucoen.se is rare in P. amillo, k. Romoleroux, B. Leon, and my wife, Sonia guineense. Landrum, whose help made this paper possible. I am also grateful to the curators ol ASU, 0. MO. Paratypes. I'KIUJ. Huaiiuco: Puerto Inca, Yuyapi- NY. QCA, and USM, whose collections were fun¬ eliis, Unidad Modelo do Manejo y Produccion Porestal DANTAS, 9°40'S, 75°02'W, 270 m, 1-15 Apr. 1991 damental to this study. Three anonymous reviewers 446 Novon and V. Hollowed offered many helpful suggestions. -& W. P. Sharp. 1989. Seed coat characters of some Figures I and 2 were drawn by Bobbi Angel], American Myrtinae (Myrtaceae): Psidium and related genera. Syst. Hot. 14: 370-376. Literature Cited McVaugh, K. 1969. Myrtaceae. In The Botany of the Gua- Landrum, L. R. 2003. A revision of the Psidium salutare yana Highland—Pt. 8. Mem. New York Hot. Card. complex (Myrtaceae). Sida 20: 1449—1469. 18(2): 55-286.