ZooKeys 260: 77–83 (201T3w) o new species of Membranacea Qin & Zhang from China... A peer-reviewed open-access jo7urn7al doi: 10.3897/zookeys.260.4560 REsEARCH ARTIClE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Two new species of Membranacea Qin & Zhang from China (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae, Empoascini) Xiaofei Yu1,2,†, Maofa Yang1,2,‡ 1 Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China 2 Key Laboratory for Plant Pests Management of Mountainous Region in Guizhou Province, Guiyang Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China † urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:872D7371-CDF4-4044-95DF-B2705F6293E2 ‡ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:79B3BA54-5CBD-43CD-B50C-FAABBBFA4904 Corresponding author: Maofa Yang ([email protected]) Academic editor: M. Webb  |  Received 21 December 2012  |  Accepted 10 January 2013  |  Published 21 January 2013 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C8176164-EFE6-496C-8638-A32A68E69D11 Citation: Yu XF, Yang MF (2013) Two new species of Membranacea Qin & Zhang from China (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae, Empoascini). ZooKeys 260: 77–83. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.260.4560 Abstract Two new species of the empoascine leafhopper genus Membranacea Qin & Zhang are reported from China: M. hubeiensis Yu & Yang, sp. n. and M. stenoprocessa Yu & Yang, sp. n.. A key to distinguish all species of the genus is provided. Keywords Auchenorrhyncha, leafhopper, taxonomy, morphology, description Introduction The Typhlocybinae genus Membranacea was established by Qin & Zhang in 2011 for three new species from China with M. spinata as its type species. Here we describe two new species from China and provide a key for the separation of all species. The exam- ined specimens in this study are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China (GUGC). Copyright Xiaofei Yu, Maofa Yang. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 (CC-BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 78 Xiaofei Yu & Maofa Yang / ZooKeys 260: 77–83 (2013) Materials and methods The methods and terminology follow Zhang (1990) except for the nomenclature of wing, for which we follow Dworakowska (1993). Male specimens were dissected with the MOTIC B1 SMS-168 SERIES. Figures were made using OLYMPUS CX41 and enhanced using Adobe Illustrator CS4. Pictures were taken with VHX-1000C and dealt with Adobe Illustrator CS4. The body length is measured from the apex of the head to the apex of the forewing. Results Genus Membranacea Qin & Zhang http://species-id.net/wiki/Membranacea Membranacea Qin & Zhang, 2011, Zootaxa, 2923: 48–58. Type species. Membranacea spinata Qin & Zhang, 2011 Description. Body robust. Crown rounded at anterior margin, with a median black apical spot; coronal suture distinct, reaching anterior margin of vertex (Figs 1, 19). Ocellus present. Face elongated and convex in profile, lateral frontal suture pre- sent (Figs 2, 20). Pronotum wider and longer than crown (Figs 1, 19). Scutellum yel- low with basolateral triangles and apex black; scutoscutellar sulcus distinct, not reach- ing lateral margin of scutellum (Figs 1, 19). Forewing rounded apically, apical cells less than one-third total length, RP and MP’ separated at base, both originated from r cell, MP’’+CuA’ from m cell, width of c cell equal with r cell (Figs 4, 22). Hindwing with CuA bifurcated, the branching point at or distad of coalescence of CuA with MP’’ (Figs 5, 23). Male ventral abdominal apodemes well developed, rounded apically, reaching seg- ment IV or V (Figs 7, 25). Male pygofer long, dorsal margin strongly concave, lightly sclerotized and less pigmented in basal 2/3 but more sclerotized apically, apex with few rigid microsetae; pygofer appendage absent (Figs 9, 27); dorsal bridge short (Figs 8, 26). Subgenital plate longer than pygofer (Figs 6, 24), basal broad, with an oblique line of macrosetae; outer margin slightly expanded at midlength and bearing few moder- ately long and stout setae forming the basal group (Figs 10, 28). Paramere shorter than pygofer, curved, narrowed from near midlength to apex, laterally with few setae, apex with teeth and sensory pits (Figs 14, 31). Aedeagal shaft elongated, curved posteriorly, with symmetrical flanges, gonopore apical on ventral surface; basal apodeme absent; preatrium developed (Figs 11, 12, 13, 17, 18, 29, 30, 34, 35). Connective with base broad, apex narrow (Figs 16, 33). Anal tube as in Figs 15, 32. Distribution. China (Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan) Remarks. This genus is similar to Alebroides Matsumura, Apheliona Kirkaldy, Nikkotettix Matsumura, Ghauriana Thapa, Matsumurama Thapa, Bhatasca Dwora- Two new species of Membranacea Qin & Zhang from China... 79 kowska and Luodianasca Qin & Zhang in having veins MP’ and RP in the forewing arising from cell r and CuA in the hindwing branched apically. The genus differs from these genera in the pygofer having the dorsal margin strongly concave with a weekly sclerotized area, and from Alebroides, Apheliona, Ghauriana, Matsumura- ma, Nikkotettix in lacking the ventral pygofer appendage. The genus differs from Bhatasca in having the basal group setae of the subgenital plate located near the midlength of the dorsal margin and from Luodianasca in the absence of ventrally projecting anal tube processes, the abdominal apodemes well developed and the subgenital plate having setae in the basal group. It also differs from Bhatasca and Luodianasca in having the lateral macrosetae of the subgenital plate arranged in two rows submedially. Key to species (male) 1 Aedeagal shaft with two pairs of flanges (Figs 11, 18, 29, 34) ......................2 – Aedeagal shaft with a pair of flanges .................M. unijugata Qin & Zhang 2 Aedeagal shaft with a ventral central spine (Figs 6, 11, 12, 13, 17, 18) ........3 – Aedeagal shaft without ventral central flange (Figs 29, 30, 34, 35) ............. 4 3 Aedeagus with ventral central spine near apex (Figs 17, 18) .......................... ............................................................................M. spinata Qin & Zhang – Aedeagus with ventral central spine at or slightly beyond midlength of shaft (Figs 11, 13) .............................................M. hubeiensis Yu & Yang, sp. n. 4 Aedeagus with subapical flanges slightly broader than flanges at midlength of shaft (Figs 29, 30) ................................M. stenoprocessa Yu & Yang, sp. n. – Aedeagus with subapical flanges distinctly narrower than flanges at midlength of shaft (Figs 34, 35) ...............................................M. plana Qin & Zhang Membranacea hubeiensis Yu & Yang, sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:798AFF17-4227-4ADE-9DB5-7DA56F59BA11 http://species-id.net/wiki/Membranacea_hubeiensis Figs 1–16 Description. Length, male 4.1–4.3mm. General color reddish to yellowish orange. Eyes dark. Ocellus on anterior margin of crown, light brownish. Coronal suture brown margined with cream and with a yel- lowish brown spot on each side (Fig. 1). Face orange, paler on gena; some specimens with brownish stripe on anteclypeus (Figs 2, 3). Pronotum reddish orange centrally and posteriorly, with a median yellowish patch at anterior margin (Fig. 1). Scutellum yellow with basolateral triangles black margined with reddish orange; apex and some- times a stripe medially, black (Fig.1). Forewing reddish orange, semi-transparent in basal 2/3 and yellowish, hyaline in apical 1/3. Abdomen brownish. Legs yellow except midlength of hind tibia, brownish. 80 Xiaofei Yu & Maofa Yang / ZooKeys 260: 77–83 (2013) Figures 1–18. 1–16 Membranacea hubeiensis Yu & Yang, sp. n., 1 head and thorax, dorsal view 2 face 3 head and thorax, lateral view 4 forewing 5 hindwing 6 male terminalia, lateral view 7 male abdominal apodemes 8 male pygofer, dorsal view 9 male pygofer, lateral view 10 subgenital plate, ventral view 11 ae- deagus, ventral view 12 aedeagus, lateral view 13 aedeagus, lateroventral view 14 paramere, dorsal view 15 male anal tube, ventral view 16 connective 17–18 Membranacea spinata Qin & Zhang 17 aedeagus, lateral view 18 aedeagus, ventral view. Figs 17 and 18 from Qin, Liu & Zhang, 2011 Two new species of Membranacea Qin & Zhang from China... 81 Ventral male abdominal apodemes broad, reaching segment IV or V, margins parallel or slightly divergent (Fig. 7). Pygofer with dorsal margin strongly concave, apex finger-like with few microsetae; dorsal bridge less than one-third of total length of pygofer (Figs 8, 9). Subgenital plate broad, with an oblique line of ca. 14 macro- setae and ca. 40 microsetae in 4 irregular rows; outer margin slightly expanded at midlength and bearing five moderately long and stout setae forming the basal group (Fig. 10). Paramere narrowed from near midlength to apex, curved laterally with ca. 9 fine setae, apex with teeth and sensory pits (Fig. 14). Aedeagal shaft elongated, curved posteriorly, subapically with a flange on each side and a narrower flange each side of a single central spine on ventral surface (Figs 11, 12, 13); preatrium nearly half length of shaft (Figs 11, 13). Connective with base broad, apex narrow, apical margin deeply emarginate (Fig. 16). Type material. Holotype, male, Houhe Natural Reserve, Wufeng City, Hubei Province, 27 July 2010, coll. Xiaofei Yu. Paratypes: 22 males, same data as holotype. Etymology. The new species is named after its type locality: Hubei. Remarks. The new species is similar to M. spinata Qin & Zhang, 2011, but can be distinguished from the latter by the different configuration of the aedeagal processes (com- pare Figs 11–13 with 17, 18) and by the more pointed apex of the male pygofer (Fig. 9). Membranacea stenoprocessa Yu & Yang, sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:56407D4D-CB37-4E0B-9089-AB10A6AD19DF http://species-id.net/wiki/Membranacea_stenoprocessa Figs 19–33 Description. Length male 4.0–4.2mm. Colour as for previous species but face dorsally and postclypeus yellowish orange, paler on anteclypeus, lorum, maxillary plate and gena, some specimens with a brown- ish stripe on anteclypeus and ventrally on postclypeus (Figs 19, 20, 21). Ventral male abdominal apodemes broad, reaching the end of segment IV or V (Fig. 25). Pygofer with dorsal margin strongly concave, apex finger-like with few mi- crosetae (Figs 26, 27). Subgenital plate broad, with ca. 12 macrosetae and ca. 42 irreg- ular microsetae in 3 rows; outer margin slightly expanded at midlength and bearing 6 moderately long and stout setae (Fig. 28). Paramere narrowed from near midlength to apex, curved, laterally with ca. 7 fine setae, apex with teeth and sensory pits (Fig. 31). Aedeagal shaft elongated, curved posteriorly, with a flange on each side at midlength, a broader subapical flange on each side and a central flange on ventral surface extend- ing to near apex, flange margins smooth to slightly dentate; preatrium less half length of shaft (Figs 29, 30). Connective with base broad, apex narrow, apical margin deeply emarginate (Fig. 33) Type material. Holotype: male, Houhe Natural Reserve, Wufeng City, Hubei Province, 27 July 2010, coll. Xiaofei Yu. Paratypes: 5 males, Xingdou mountain, Hubei Province, 4 August 2010, coll. Xiaofei Yu light; 1 male, Zhujia mountain, Guizhou 82 Xiaofei Yu & Maofa Yang / ZooKeys 260: 77–83 (2013) Figures 19–35. 19–33 Membranacea stenoprocessa Yu & Yang, sp. n., 19 head and thorax, dorsal view 20 face 21 head and thorax, lateral view 22 forewing 23 hindwing 24 male terminalia, lateral view 25 male abdominal apodemes 26 male pygofer, dorsal view 27 male pygofer, lateral view 28 subgenital plate, ventral view 29 aedeagus, ventral view 30 aedeagus, lateral view 31 paramere, dorsal view 32 male anal tube, ventral view 33 connective 34–35 Membranacea plana Qin & Zhang 34 aedeagus, ventral view 35 aedeagus, lateral view. Figs 34 and 35 from Qin, Liu & Zhang, 2011. Two new species of Membranacea Qin & Zhang from China... 83 Province, 25 July 2005, coll. Zaihua Yang; 1 male, Fanjing mountain, Guizhou Prov- ince, 21 September 2011, coll. Jiankun Long; 2 males, Longchang town, Xiuwen County, Guizhou Province, 8 July 2010, coll. Yinlin Mu. Etymology. The new species name alludes to the single narrower ventral flange on the aedeagal shaft. Remarks. The new species is similar to M. plana Qin & Zhang, 2011, but differs from the latter in the more pointed apex of the pygofer and the slightly different shape of the aedeagal flanges with the lower dorsal pair slightly higher on the shaft (compare Figs 29, 30 with 34, 35). In one species of the genus (M. unijugata) there is variability in the aedeagus suggesting that the new species could represent a variation of M. plana. However, the differences seen between the two species are consistent in all the materi- als examined. Acknowledgements We are very grateful to Dr. Zehong Meng (Institute of Entomology, Guizhou Univer- sity, China) for revising the manuscript and Prof. Renhuai Dai (Institute of Entomol- ogy, Guizhou University, China) for offering valuable literatures. Thanks Zaihua Yang, Jiankun Long and Yinlin Mu (Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, China) for collecting materials. We also thank M. D. Webb (Department of Entomology of The Natural History Museum, England) for reading the manuscript and providing critical comments and kind suggestions. References Dworakowska I (1993) Remarks on Alebra Fab. and Eastern Hemisphere Alebrini (Auchenor- rhyncha: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae). Entomotaxonomia 15(2): 91–121. Qin DZ, Liu Y, Zhang YL (2011) A taxonomic study of Chinese Empoascini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae). Zootaxa 2923: 48–58. Zhang YL (1990) A taxonomic study of Chinese Cicadellidae (Homoptera). Tianze Press, Shaanxi, 218pp.