This topical book contains the latest scientifi c and engineering developments in the fi eld of tubular steel structures, as presented at the 13th International TUBULAR Symposium on Tubular Structures (ISTS13), Hong Kong, 15 – 17 December YOUNG 2010. The International Symposium on Tubular Structures (ISTS) has a long- standing reputation for being the principal showcase for manufactured tubing EDITOR STRUCTURES XIII and the prime international forum for discussion of research, developments and applications in this fi eld. The Symposium presentations herein include one invited ISTS Kurobane Lecture together with all the technical papers. Various key and emerging subjects in the fi eld of hollow structural sections S T are covered, such as: special applications and case studies, static and T U fatigue behaviour of connections/joints, concrete-fi lled and composite tubular members and offshore structures, stainless steel and aluminium structures, R B earthquake and dynamic resistance, specifi cation and standard develop- ments, material properties and structural reliability, impact resistance and U U brittle fracture, fi re resistance, casting and fabrication innovations. Research and development issues presented in this book are applicable to buildings, C L bridges, offshore structures, entertainment rides, cranes, towers and various mechanical and agricultural equipment. T A U This book is thus a pertinent reference source for architects, civil and mechan- R ical engineers, designers, steel fabricators and contractors, manufacturers of R hollow sections or related construction products, trade associations involved with tubing, owners or developers of tubular structures, steel specifi cation E committees, academics and research students all around the world. S X I I I EDITOR: BEN YOUNG an informa business TUBULAR STRUCTURES XIII YYOOUUNNGG1100..iinnddbb ii 1100//1133//22001100 77::4411::2244 PPMM YYOOUUNNGG1100..iinnddbb iiii 1100//1133//22001100 77::4411::2277 PPMM PROCEEDINGS OF THE 13TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TUBULAR STRUCTURES, HONG KONG, CHINA, 15–17 DECEMBER 2010 Tubular Structures XIII Editor Ben Young Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, China YYOOUUNNGG1100..iinnddbb iiiiii 1100//1133//22001100 77::4411::2277 PPMM CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2010 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20140602 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4398-6298-8 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. 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Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com Tubular Structures XIII – Young (ed) © 2010 The University of Hong Kong, ISBN 978-0-415-58473-9 Table of contents Preface xi Publications of the previous symposia on tubular structures xiii Organisation xv Acknowledgements xvii ISTS Kurobane lecture Life extension of fixed platforms 3 N. Zettlemoyer Bolted joints Behaviour of I beam—SHS column steel joints with hollo-bolts: An experimental study 17 A.C.B. Mesquita, L.A.P. Simões da Silva & S. Jordão Static resistance of bolted circular flange joints under tensile force 27 M. Couchaux, M. Hjiaj & I. Ryan Joint rotation behaviour of bolted endplate connections to flowdrilled RHS columns 37 A.Y. Park & Y.C. Wang Validation of an FE model for an experimental blind-bolted moment-resisting connection to concrete filled hollow section 45 A. Al-Mughairi, W. Tizani & J.S. Owen Study on the initial stiffness of blind bolted T-stub connections 53 Z.Y. Wang, W. Tizani & Q.Y. Wang Static strength of joints Improving the ductility of welded connections in rectangular hollow sections 65 L.H. Teh & G.J. Hancock Evaluation of numerical investigations on static behaviour of slender RHS K-gap joints 75 O. Fleischer, R. Puthli & J. Wardenier Elastic axial rigidity formula for multi-planar CHS X-joints and its effect on the behavior of single layer ribbed domes 85 L.J. Jia & Y.Y. Chen Strength of RHS K-joints in brace members with holes required for truss hot-dip galvanizing 95 C. López-Colina, M.A. Serrano-López, J.J. Del Coz-Díaz, G. Iglesias-Toquero & J. González-Martínez Static behaviour of complicated multi-planar tubular joints—A case study in Guangdong Science Center 103 Y.B. Shao, Y.F. Jin, J.C. Zhang, Z.H. Qiu, S.P. Chiew & S.T. Lie Strengthening T-joints in thin-walled tubular structures 109 A. Shaat, J. Aguilera & A. Fam v YYOOUUNNGG1100..iinnddbb vv 1100//1133//22001100 77::4411::2288 PPMM Seismic Cyclic test and analysis on CHS stiffened connections to box section girders with different details 117 W. Wang, Y.Y. Chen & B.D. Zhao Experimental study on overlapped CHS K-joints under cyclic loading 123 X.Z. Zhao, X.B. Xu & Y.Y. Chen Seismic performance evaluation of steel tubular columns under cyclic bidirectional loading 133 I.H.P. Mamaghani Cyclic elastoplastic analysis of steel tubular braces 141 I.H.P. Mamaghani Crack damage of multi-story CFT frame under strong ground motion 149 K. Goto & M. Saisho Numerical study on displacement response of electric truss-columns under earthquake loads 159 L. Wang, J.H. Zhu, A.Z. Zhu & H.P. Zhu Behavior of external diaphragm connection of CHS column with H-shaped beams 167 W.N. Sui & Y.Y. Chen Cyclic testing of hollow structural sections for seismic applications in low to mid-rise moment frames 175 J. McCormick, M. Fadden & J. Buison Stability Buckling analysis of cold-formed RHS frames using Generalised Beam Theory 187 C. Basaglia & D. Camotim Eccentric cleat plate connections in hollow section members in compression 197 T. Wilkinson, D. Stock & A. Hastie Bearing capacity of hollow flange beams with web penetrations 205 T. Wilkinson, M. Judd, M. Popplewell & J. Salhini Local buckling limits of tubular sections in bending and compression 213 A.M. Gresnigt, C.A. Willemse & S.A. Karamanos Buckling response of submarine pipelines under combined tension and bending 223 S.F. Gong, H. Deng, L. Yuan & W.L. Jin Stainless steel & aluminium Column tests of concrete-filled aluminium tubular sections 233 F. Zhou & B. Young Analytical solution for residual stresses in cold-formed stainless steel circular hollow sections due to cold bending 241 W.M. Quach & C. Cai Recent research on stainless steel tubular structures 249 L. Gardner Compression resistance of aluminium stub columns using Continuous Strength Method 257 M. Ashraf & B. Young Residual stress pattern of stainless steel SHS 265 M. Jandera & J. Machacek Effects of different adhesive and FRP on strengthening of stainless steel tubular structural members 273 S.M.Z. Islam & B. Young vi YYOOUUNNGG1100..iinnddbb vvii 1100//1133//22001100 77::4411::2288 PPMM Oval hollow sections Numerical study on the ultimate strength of elliptical stub columns 283 N. Silvestre & L. Gardner Slenderness limits for EHS and OHS subject to bending using the RHS approach 293 X.L. Zhao, A. Kernot, J.A. Packer & T. Haque Biaxial bending and compression of elliptical hollow sections 303 T.M. Chan, J.M. Abela & L. Gardner Instabilities in elliptical hollow section members 313 K.H. Law & L. Gardner Numerical modelling of concrete-filled stainless steel elliptical hollow sections 323 D. Lam & X. Dai Experimental studies of elliptical concrete-filled tube columns 333 N. Jamaluddin, D. Lam & J. Ye Compression members of cold-formed steel oval hollow sections 341 J.H. Zhu & B. Young Applications & case studies PREON—The flexible standard in hall construction 351 O. Josat Glazed atrium roof shopping center Cotroceni Park, Bucharest 357 M. Eekhout, N. Eekhout, L. Weber & M. Venhuizen Structural design of the Spanish Pavilion for the Expo 2010 in Shanghai 365 J. Martínez Calzón, C. Castañón Jiménez, J.M. Ding, X. Zhao & H.H. Sun Manufacture and construction of the Spanish Pavilion for the Expo 2010 in Shanghai 373 M.Y. Fang, J. Martínez Calzón & C. Castañón Jiménez The architecture of tubular footbridges 381 L.J. Sanz Balduz, J.L. Abadía, J.R. León, M. Bolea, J. Arruga & M. Rivera Diversity of design for welded joints of hollow profiles in shell structures 387 J. Müglitz & C. Seidel Specification & code development Enhanced proof strength after cold process of fabrication of non-linear metallic profiles— Comparison of two predictive models for hollow sections 397 B. Rossi & J.P. Jaspart Background of the new RHS joint strength equations in the IIW (2009) recommendations 403 J. Wardenier, G.J. van der Vegte, J.A. Packer & X.L. Zhao Production standards for cold-formed hollow structural sections 413 J.A. Packer & S.P. Chiew Design tools for hollow section joints 423 K. Weynand, J. Kuck, R. Oerder, S. Herion, O. Fleischer, O. Josat & M. Schneider Material properties of cold formed tubular sections with high yield strength steels 429 K. Ochi Structural integrity Study of the damage on tubular steel structure after 30 years in service 437 Å. Petersen, P. Decosemaeker & M. Lefranc vii YYOOUUNNGG1100..iinnddbb vviiii 1100//1133//22001100 77::4411::2288 PPMM Modern design method using NIDA for scaffolding systems 443 Y.P. Liu & S.L. Chan Structural integrity assessment of tubular structures containing weld defects 449 S. Cicero, R. Lacalle & R. Cicero Fitness for service assessment of tubular structures using the FITNET FFS Procedure 457 S. Cicero, F. Gutiérrez-Solana & R. Cicero Application of Small Punch Test for the characterization of welded joints of tubular structures 465 R. Lacalle, S. Cicero, J.A. Álvarez, B. Arroyo & F. Gutiérrez-Solana Fatigue & fracture Fatigue performance of enhanced partial joint penetration welds for tubular joints 473 P. Marshall, X. Qian & Y. Petchdemaneengam New S-N curves for details in bridges with steel truss tubular superstructure 481 A. Nussbaumer, S. Herion, M. Veselcic & R. Dietrich Comparison of approaches for fatigue design of different tubular joint types 491 F.R. Mashiri, X.L. Zhao, Z. Xiao, P. Dong & L.W. Tong Fatigue strength of truss girders made of Very High Strength Steel 499 R.J.M. Pijpers & M.H. Kolstein Failure assessment of a cracked circular hollow section T-joint including the effect of crack-front constraints 507 X. Qian, Z. Ou & S. Swaddiwudhipong Assessment of brittle fracture from defects using toughness scaling model 515 T. Iwashita & K. Azuma Experimental investigation on stress concentration factors for diamond bird beak T-joints 523 L.W. Tong, D.Q. Yan, Y.Q. Liu & X.L. Zhao Fatigue resistant truss connections with thick walled chords 529 I. Mangerig, R. Wagner & N. Romen Fatigue behavior of welded CHS joints of large dimensions 539 I. Mangerig, N. Romen & R. Wagner Design and fatigue assessment of a stinger 547 N. Ermolaeva, Y. Yu & L. Zhao Influence of welding residual stresses on stable crack growth in tubular K-joints under compressive fatigue loadings 557 C. Acevedo & A. Nussbaumer Crane runways made of hot-rolled mannesmann steel hollow (MSH) sections 567 S. Herion, O. Josat, C. Dittmann, P. Sunder, O. Fleischer & J. Dechent Numerical and experimental plastic collapse loads and CTODs of a cracked square hollow section (SHS) K-joint 575 S.T. Lie, B.F. Zhang, T. Li & Z.M. Yang Composite construction Moment capacity of concrete filled double skin tubes 583 X.L. Zhao & A. Choi Parametric studies of behaviour of composite beam-column end plate connections subjected to low-probability, high-consequence loading 591 O. Mirza & B. Uy viii YYOOUUNNGG1100..iinnddbb vviiiiii 1100//1133//22001100 77::4411::2288 PPMM FE analysis of composite tubular K-joints subjected to static loading 599 Q.Y. Song, L.H. Han & X.L. Zhao In-plane creep behaviour of concrete-filled steel tubular arches 607 Y.L. Pi, M.A. Bradford & W.L. Qu Strength design against in-plane failure of concrete-filled steel tubular arches 615 Y.L. Pi, M.A. Bradford, C.Y. Liu & Y.Y. Wang Inclined, tapered and STS concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) stub columns under axial compression 623 L.H. Han, Q.X. Ren & W. Li Hybrid FRP-concrete-steel double-skin tubular columns with a square outer tube and a circular inner tube: Stub column tests 629 T. Yu & J.G. Teng Experimental investigation on tubular columns infilled with ultra-high strength concrete 637 J.Y.R. Liew & D.X. Xiong Recent developments on design of composite columns in Hong Kong 647 K.F. Chung & C.K. Chan Experiment investigations of stress concentration factor of concrete-filled tubular T joints 657 J. Chen, J. Chen & W.L. Jin An experimental study of rectangular concrete filled tubular (CFT) columns with high strength concrete 663 D. Hernández-Figueirido, J.M. Portoles, M.L. Romero & J.L. Bonet Effect analysis of suspender damage on through concrete filled steel tubular arch bridge 669 H. Chen, W. He, B. Wang & L. Huang Fire Experimental evaluation of steel dual tube column system for fire protection 677 M.B. Wong & J.D. Wang FE analysis of self-consolidating concrete filled double skin tubular columns subjected to fires 683 H. Lu, X.L. Zhao & L.H. Han Fire resistance design of concrete-filled double skin tubular (CFDST) columns 691 H. Lu, X.L. Zhao & L.H. Han Structural performance of extended end-plate connections between tubular steel members in fire 699 O. Salem, G. Hadjisophocleous & E. Zalok A numerical study of the fire behaviour of high strength concrete filled tubular columns 707 A. Espinos, M.L. Romero, A. Hospitaler & C. Ibañez Fire design of external semi-rigid composite joints 715 P. Schaumann & O. Bahr An experimental study of structural behaviours of CHS T-joints subjected to brace axial compression in fire condition 725 M.P. Nguyen, T.C. Fung & K.H. Tan Numerical models and parametric study on ultimate strength of CHS T-joints subjected to brace axial compression under fire condition 733 M.P. Nguyen, K.H. Tan & T.C. Fung Author index 741 ix YYOOUUNNGG1100..iinnddbb iixx 1100//1133//22001100 77::4411::2288 PPMM