3rd Transportation 3rd EDITION EDITION Engineering C. JOTIN KHISTY An Introduction B. KENT LALL Pearson brings to you the third edition of Transportation Engineering, which offers students and practitioners a detailed, current, and interdisciplinary introduction to transportation engineering and planning. This much praised and widely recommended text has been revered for its wide spectrum coverage encompassing both traditional principles—traffic engineering, transportation planning—andnon-traditional considerations—transportation economics, land use, energy, public transport, transportation systems management. ET F E A T U R E S nr a • The text is built on ideas, concepts, and observations that students are likely to be most familiar g with, e.g., roads, streets, highways, buses, bicyclists, pedestrians and so on. n i n • Organization of the book and individual chapters has been carefully planned for easy transition s from one to another. ep • Quantitative and policy-oriented topics are incorporated, each supported by numerous worked e o examples and problems of varying complexity. r r • Appendix on Statistics for Transportation Engineers provided for easy reference. int • Examples and exercises that illustrate real-world problems and require creativity and critical a g thinking. t i o Transportation Clear explanation of concepts n Expertly organized presentation C o Application of fundamental theory to engineering problems ve r im Engineering a Exemplary diagrams and illustrations ge : S h u Multitude of problems—both solved and unsolved tte rsto ck 3rd EDITION An Introduction www.pearson.co.in ISBN 978-93-325-6970-6 Online resources available at www.pearsoned.co.in/cjotinkhisty KHISTY This edition is manufactured in India and is authorized for sale only LALL C. JOTIN KHISTY B. KENT LALL in India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and the Maldives. 9789332 569706 Size: 172x235 mm Spine: 29 mm ISBN: 9789332569706 Territory line mQuest About Pearson Pearson is the world’s learning company, with presence across 70 countries worldwide. Our unique insights and world-class expertise comes from a long history of working closely with renowned teachers, authors and thought leaders, as a result of which, we have emerged as the preferred choice for millions of teachers and learners across the world. We believe learning opens up opportunities, creates fulfilling careers and hence better lives. We hence collaborate with the best of minds to deliver you class-leading products, spread across the Higher Education and K12 spectrum. Superior learning experience and improved outcomes are at the heart of everything we do. This product is the result of one such effort. Your feedback plays a critical role in the evolution of our products and you can [email protected]. We look forward to it. This page is intentionally left blank Transportation Engineering An Introduction Third Edition C. Jotin Khisty Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago B. Kent Lall Portland State University, Portland 00_9780672333323_fm.qxd 10/26/11 10:15 PM Page ii Copyright © 2016 Pearson India Education Services Pvt. Ltd Published by Pearson India Education Services Pvt. Ltd, CIN: U72200TN2005PTC057128, formerly known as TutorVista Global Pvt. Ltd, licensee of Pearson Education in South Asia. No part of this eBook may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without the publisher’s prior written consent. This eBook may or may not include all assets that were part of the print version. The publisher reserves the right to remove any material in this eBook at any time. ISBN 978-93-325-6970-6 eISBN 978-93-325-8764-9 HHeeaadd OOffifficcee: :1 A5t-h8 F (lAoo),r ,7 Ttohw Ferl-oBo, rW, Kornldo wTrlaeddeg eT oBwoeur,l ePvlaort dN, oS. e1c,t Borlo 6c2k,- CN, oSiedcato 2r 0116 ,3 N0o9i,d a 201 301, UUttttaarr P Prardaedsehs,h I,n Idniad.ia. Registered Office: 4th Floor, Software Block, Elnet Software City, TS-140, Block 2 & 9, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Taramani, Chennai 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India. Fax:  080-30461003, Phone: 080-30461060 www.pearson.co.in, Email: [email protected] About the Authors C. Jotin Khisty received the Ph.D. degree in transportation systems engineering from The Ohio State University, Columbus. He has been a Professor of civil en- gineering and the Director of the Transportation and Infrastructure program at the Illinois Institute of Technology (IM, Chicago, since 1990. Before joining IIT, he was with the faculty at Washington State University, Pullman, from 1978 to1990, when he also served as the Deputy Director of the Washington State Transportation Research Center. He has had considerable field experience as a traffic engineer and transportation planner in Metropolitan Planning Organiza- tions in the Midwest. He is the author of over 70 refereed publications and re- ports, related to transportation planning and systems thinking. Dr. Khisty is a registered professional engineer and a Life Member of the Amerkan Society of Civil Engineers, the Institute of Transportation Engineers, and Sigma Xi. B. Kent Lall received the Ph.D. degree in transportation and environmental planning from the University of Birmingham, England. Since 1977 he has been a Professor of civil engineering at Portland State University, Portland. Previously, he has also held teaching and research positions in Canada, Australia, New Zea- land, and India. His research interests include traffic operations using video-im- aging technologies and intelligent transportation systems and he has authored over 50 publications and reports. Dr. Lall is a registered professional engineer. He was awarded the Frank M. Masters Award in Transportation Engineering by the American Society of Civil Engineers during 1999. In addition to ASCE, he is active with the Transportation Research Board, the Institute of Transportation Engineers, and ITS America. He has chaired several committees and edited pro- ceedings of specialty conferences.