Tilburg University Administrative measures to prevent and tackle crime Spapens, Antonius; Peters, Maaike; Van Daele, Dirk Publication date: 2015 Document Version Early version, also known as pre-print Link to publication in Tilburg University Research Portal Citation for published version (APA): Spapens, A., Peters, M., & Van Daele, D. (Eds.) (2015). Administrative measures to prevent and tackle crime. Eleven International Publishing. 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Van Daele Administrative measures to prevent and tackle crime Legal possibilities and practical application in EU Member States Administrativemeasurestopreventandtacklecrime Administrative measures to prevent and tackle crime Legal possibilities and practical application in EU Member States A.C.M. Spapens, M. Peters and D. Van Daele (Eds.) Published,soldanddistributedbyElevenInternationalPublishing P.O.Box85576 2508CGTheHague TheNetherlands Tel.:+31703307033 Fax:+31703307030 e-mail:[email protected] www.elevenpub.com SoldanddistributedinUSAandCanada InternationalSpecializedBookServices 920NE58thAvenue,Suite300 Portland,OR97213-3786,USA Tel.:1-800-944-6190(toll-free) Fax:+1503280-8832 [email protected] www.isbs.com ElevenInternationalPublishingisanimprintofBoomuitgeversDenHaag. ISBN978-94-6236-579-7 ISBN978-94-6274-340-3(E-book) ©2015Theauthors|ElevenInternationalPublishing Thispublicationisprotectedbyinternationalcopyrightlaw. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrieval system,ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying, recordingorotherwise,withoutthepriorpermissionofthepublisher. PrintedinTheNetherlands WiththefinancialsupportofthePreventionofandFightagainstCrimeProgramme EuropeanCommission–Directorate-GeneralHomeAffairs Foreword Overthelastyearsagreatdealofattentionhasbeendevotedtotheadministrativeapproach attheEuropeanlevel,withinthecontextofpreventingandcombatingorganisedcrime. In fact, the Stockholm programme, the Internal Security Strategy and the COSI work programmeallviewthisapproachasausefulsupplementtothetraditionaljudicialand policeapproachagainstorganisedcrime. Theadministrativeapproachwasalreadysubjecttoarangeofinitiatives,amongthem the delivery of different EU handbooks on complementary approaches and actions to preventandcombatorganisedcrime,andtheestablishmentoftheInformalNetworkof contactpointsontheadministrativeapproach. In2010,duringtheBelgianEUPresidency,theCounciladoptedconclusionsinwhich theInformalNetworkwasrequestedtoassessthepossibilitiestostrengthentheexchange ofinformationbetweenadministrativebodiesandtraditionallawenforcementorganisa- tions.TothisendtheDutchMinistryofSecurityandJustice(coordinator),togetherwith TilburgUniversity(theNetherlands)andtheKULeuven–University(Belgium),supported bytheBelgianHomeAffairsMinistry,appliedforagrantatthePreventionofandFight againstCrimeProgrammeoftheEuropeanCommission.In2011,theEuropeanCommis- sionawardedthisISECgranttoconducta‘studyonthepotentialforinformationexchanges between administrative bodies and traditional law enforcement organizations to support theuseofadministrativemeasureswithinEUMemberStatesandatEUlevel’.Theunder- lyingreportistheresultofthisISECgrant. The study aims to contribute to the existing body of knowledge concerning an administrativeapproachtocrimeintheEuropeanUnioninthefollowingmanner.First, itexploredthelegaloptionsavailabletonationaladministrativeauthoritiesintheselected Member States. Options that prevent criminals from misusing the legal infrastructure, suchaslicensingproceduresortenderprocedures.Thisresultedintenseparatecountry reports(Chapters2-11),aswellasacomparisonofthoselegaloptionsinthetenMember States (Chapter 12). Second, it considered the practical application of the legal options availableintheselectedMemberStates.Theresultsofthisempiricalstudyarereviewed inChapter13.Chapter14exploredthepotentialforinformationexchangebetweenEU MemberStatesinsupportofanadministrativeapproachtocrime.Last,theconclusions andthewayforwardwerepresentedinpartVofthisstudy(Chapters15and16). Iwouldliketotakethisopportunitytothanktheresearchers,professorToineSpapens, professorDirkvanDaeleandMaaikePetersfortheirgreatworkoverthelasttwoyearsin carrying out this extensive study. Secondly I would like to thank the members of the InformalNetworkfortheiractivecontributioninfindingtherightexpertsandresearchers vii Foreword withintheselected10EUMemberStates.Also,Iwouldliketothankalltheinterviewed persons,whomhavemadethisresearchpossible.Lastly,aspecialwordofthankstothe EuropeanCommissionforfinancialsupportingthisproject. Itismyfirmbelievethattheoutcomeofthisreportwillhighlycontributetothefurther developmentoftheadministrativeapproachandmoreimportanttothesuccessfulpreven- tionandrepressionoforganisedcrime,bothinEUMemberStatesandattheEUlevel.In viewoftheDutchEUPresidencyin2016,Iamconfidentthattherecommendationsof this project will provide a solid basis for future actions and interventions at the Union leveltobetakenbytheCouncilandtheEuropeanCommission. KeesRiezebos MinistryofSecurityandJustice DirectorDepartmentofSafetyandGovernance DenHaag,February2015 viii