Three New Speeies of Celastraceae (Hippocrateoideae) from Southeastern Brazil, and a New Combination in Peritassa Julio Antonio Lombardi Departamento de Botanica, Instituto de Ciencias Biologieas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-110, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. [email protected] Abstract. The new Peritassa sadleri and Peri¬ with longitudinal dehiscence with a prominent con¬ tassa longifolia are distinguished by their habit, nective and a tubular nectariferous disc. leaf characteristics, color of flowers, shape of pet¬ Salacia is a genus of ca. 200 species (Mennega, als, number of ovules, size of inflorescences, and 1997), distributed worldwide in the tropics and size of fruits. The new species Salacia nemorosa is subtropics. Smith (1940) recognized 29 species distinguished from other southeastern Brazilian from the Neotropics. The last comprehensive taxo¬ species by inflorescences, disc details, and size anti nomic study of the genus, although unpublished, is shape of flowers and fruits. The new combination Hedin (1999), who recognized 38 species in the in Peritassa is also proposed: Peritassa glabra (A. Neotropics, including 3 new laxa from Costa Rica, C. Smith) Lombardi. Ecuador, and Peru. The probable paraphyly of Salacia s. str. has KKSUMO. As novas especies Peritassa sadleri e been pointed out in recent molecular studies (Sim¬ Peritassa longifolia sao distintas pelos habitos, mons et ah, 2001a, b), but before a more extensive morfologia das folhas, cor das flores, forma das pe- analysis of worldwide representative species on talas, numero de ovulos e tamanho das infloreseen- both morphological and molecular aspects, it is cias e tlos frutos. Salacia nemorosa difere das out- premature to propose any generic realignments. ras congeneres do sudeste do Brasil pelas While working on a taxonomic study of Brazilian inflorescencias, detalhes do disco e tamanho e for¬ species of Hippocrateoideae, as part of a study of ma das flores e dos frutos. Tambem uma nova com- the Neotropical species, I discovered three new binayao em Peritassa e proposta: Peritassa glabra species from the Espirito Santo Atlantic ridge (Ser- (A. C. Smith) Lombardi. ra do Mar): two in Peritassa and one in Salacia. These newly described species occur in an area Key words: Brazil, Celastraceae, H'PI >ocrateo- with few forest fragments, remnants from a vege¬ ideae, Peritassa, Salacia. tation continuous in the past hut almost totally de¬ pleted now in Espirito Santo. I he former family Hippocrateaceae is today in¬ cluded in the Celastraceae as a subfamily, which Peritassa sadleri Lombardi, sp. nov. TYPE: Bra¬ includes 5 tribes, 24 genera, and ca. 357 described zil. Espfrito Santo: Itarana, Alto Jatiboca, Faz. species (Hal 1^, 1990; Mennega, 1997) distributed Frederico Sadler, 20°00'48.6"S, 40°54'39.9"W, worldwide in tropical and subtropical areas. 786 m, 26 Feb. 2003,,/. A. Ixtmbardi 5205. A. The delimitations of the Neotropical genera are Salino, R. C. Mota & L. G. Temponi (holotype, notoriously controversial, ranging from 2, Salacia BHCB; isotypes, MBM, MBML, MO, NY, and Hippocratea (Peyritsch, 1878), to 17 by Miers’s SPE). Figure 1. (1872) account. In this work I followed Smith Peritassae mexiae disco brevi-tubulari et antherarum (1940), who recognized three genera segregated dehiscentia transversali-obliqua affinis, sod habitu, flomm from Salacia L., Cheiloclinium Miers, Peritassa colore, petalis orbicularibus, ovulorum numero et fruc- Miers, and Tontelea Aublet, included in the tribe tuum forma et dimensione differt. Etiam Peritassae lon- Salacieae with the African Salacighia Loesener and gifoliae hie descriptae affinis, sed habitu, pedicelli di¬ mensione et fructuum forma et dimensione differt. Thyrsosalacia Loesener (Mennega, 1997). The genus Peritassa is restricted to the Neotrop¬ Small tree, 4—5 m, glabrous, branches terete, ics with 14 species (Lombardi & Temponi, 1999; lenticellate, sulcate, smooth, with seasonal growth Mennega, 1997). Peritassa was described by Miers marked by scale-like cataphylls. Leaves opposite; (1872) and segregated from Salacia by its anthers stipules 0.4—0.8 mm long, caducous, triangular. No 14: 315-321. 2004. VON 316 No von Figure 1. Peritassa sadleri Lombardi. —A. Lateral view of flower. —If. Branch with leaves and inflorescences. —C. Lateral and adaxial views of stamens. —D. Lateral view of middle section of open flower showing disc, two stamens, and pistil. Drawn from the holotype, Lombardi el at. 5205 (BHCB). apiculate, minutely erase; petioles 0.4(—0.8) cm, nodes; bracts 0.7-1.2 mm long, triangular, the mar¬ canaliculate; Blades 5.9—7.2(14.9) X 1.4—2.8(4.1) gin minutely erase, scarious; peduncle 0.1—0.3(—0.7) cm, elliptic, chartaceous, drying brawn, the base cm long, terete, in old leafy nodes covered by tri¬ euneate, the apex acute or acuminate, tip cleft or angular scales, on new shoots sometimes at leafless apiculate, the margin entire and thickened, cream- nodes and naked, then minutely lenticellate-punc- colored when dry, venation brochidodromous with tulate; inflorescence branches opposite or sub¬ veins slightly prominulous on both sides. Inflores¬ opposite, terete; pedicels (1.2—) 1.7 mm long, terete, cence thyrsoid-paniculate, 0.9—1.4 X 1—1.5 cm, minutely punetulate, articulate at base; bracteoles with 28 to 49 (lowers, axillary, sometimes at leafless 2, opposite at base of pedicel, triangular, 0.4 mm Volume 14, Number 3 Lombardi 317 2004 Celastraceae from Southeastern Brazil long. Flowers green, 3.7—4 mm wide at anthesis; fruits (mature 4—6.8 X 2.6 X 2.1 cm, ellipsoid vs. sepals 5, 1.2—1.3 X 1—1.1 mm. elliptic, unequal, immature 3.4—4.8 X 2.8-4.2 cm, subpyriform). ± carnose, the margin minutely erose; petals 5, Paratypes. BRAZIL. Espfrito Santo: Brejetuba [in 1.5—1.8 X 1.6—1.7 mm, subcircular, ± carnose, sched. ‘Brejatuba’], Rancho Dantas, 22 Oct. 2000, G. spreading at anthesis, the margin minutely erose; Hatschbach, M. Hatschbach & J. M. Silva 71523 (BHCB disc annular, short-tubular, ea. 0.4 mm high, 0.2 12J, MBM); Itarana, Jatiboca, Alto de Jatiboca, 3 km da mm thick, carnose, free from reproductive parts, Vila Jatiboca, Fazenda da familia Seidler [sic], 19°51'S, 40°52'W, 14 Feb. 1999. E. M. NicLughadha 204, A. Mel- the margin entire; stamens 3, ca. 0.8 mm long, in lo-Silva. B. L Stannard & M. C. Ass is (BHCB, K not seen, open flower exserted and reflexed, the filaments MB ML, SPF). flattened, the connective adaxially thickened, not surpassing the thecae, the anthers ca. 0.17 X 0.42 Peritassa longifolia Lombardi, sp. nov. TYPE: mm, oblong, slightly emarginate at base, basifixed. Brazil. Espfrito Santo: Santa Teresa, Nova dehiscence extrorse by almost transverse apical Lombardia, Bes. Biol. Augusto Ruschi, 750 m, slits; pistil 0.6 X 0.63 mm. conic, ovary slightly 3- 28 Nov. 2001, L. Kollmann 5055, E. Hansen lobed, 3-locular, with 2 subapical ovules in each & W. Pizziolo (holotype, MBML; isotype, locule, style ca. 0.16 mm long after anthesis, cen¬ BHCB). Figure 2. tral, terete, stigmas obscure. Mature drupes 4—6.8 X 2.6 X 2.1 cm, ellipsoid, the epicarp crustaceous, Peritassae mexiae disco brevi-tubulari et antherarum smooth, drying light brown-pruinose, minutely dehiscentia transversali-obliqua affinis, sed foliomm for¬ ma, fforum colore, petalis orbicularibus, ovulorum numero cream-colored punctuate; seeds not seen. et fructuum dimensione differt. Ftiam Peritassae sadleri hie descriptae affinis, sed habitu, pedicelli dimensione et Phenology. Collected with flowers and very fructuum forma et dimensione differt. young fruits in February; collected with mature fruits in October. Lianas, glabrous, branches terete, lenticellate, Distribution and habitat. Peritassa sadleri oc¬ sulcate, smooth. Leaves opposite; stipules not seen, curs at altitudes of 700—800 m in the rain forests caducous; petioles 0.7—0.9 cm, canaliculate; blades of Espfrito Santo, on the southeastern Atlantic coast 7.5—17.7 X 1.9-4.3 cm, elliptic, ehartaceous, dry¬ ing cinereous, opaque, the base cuneate, the apex of Brazil. This area has many small properties with acuminate, tip apiculate, the margin entire and old coffee plantations and pastures; each of these thickened, venation brochidodromous with veins maintains small portions of forest in varied degrees slightly prominulous on both sides. Inflorescence ol preservation in order to fulfill federal government thyrsoid-paniculate, 1.1—1.8 X 1.1-1.8 cm, with legislation. However protected by environmental ca. 15 flowers, axillary; bracts 0.4—0.6 mm long, laws, the conservation of this species is not sure triangular, the margin entire; peduncle obsolete; in¬ while it is known only from outside of official con¬ florescence branches arising front an axillary tuft of servation sites. six triangular sc ales; branches opposite or alter¬ Etymology. The specific epithet of this species nate, terete; pedicels 2.9 mm long, terete, minutely is an homage to the Brazilian-Pomeranian Sadler punctulate; bracteoles 2, opposite at base or middle family who has preserved an apparently almost in¬ of pedicel, triangular, 0.3 mm long. Flowers green, tact tract of forest at the intersection of many family 4.6 mm wide at anthesis; sepals 5, 0.8-0.9 X 1.2- members’ properties. 1.3 mm, triangular or elliptic, unequal, ± carnose, This new species resembles Peritassa mexiae A. the margin minutely erose; petals 5, 1.9—2.1 X 2 C. Smith by the disc, stamens, and pistil, but can mm, ± circular, ± carnose, spreading at anthesis, be distinguished by the habit (small tree vs. liana), the margin entire to minutely erose; disc annular, color of dried leaves (brown vs. cinereous), smaller short-tubular, ca. 0.3 mm high, 0.2 mm thick, ear- inflorescences (0.9-1.4 X 1-1.5 cm vs. (0.8—)2.3— nose, free from reproductive parts, the margin en¬ 5.0 X (0.8—)2.8—7.1 cm), color of flowers (green vs. tire; stamens 3, ca. 0.7 mm long, in open flower yellow), shape of petals (± circular vs. elliptic), exserted and reflexed, the filaments flattened, the number of ovules in each locule (2 vs. 1), and big¬ connective adaxially thickened, darkened when ger fruits (4—6.8 X 2.6 X 2.1 cm vs. 2.4—2.7 X dry, not surpassing the thecae, the anthers ca. 0.22 1.6—2.2 X f.l cm). Peritassa sadleri is also very X 0.48 mm, oblong, slightly emarginate at base, similar to Peritassa longifolia here described: the basifixed, dehiscence extrorse by almost transverse flowers are almost identical, but the two species apical slits; pistil 0.6 X 0.7 mm, conical, ovary differ in habit (small tree vs. liana), size of the ped¬ slightly 3-lobed, 3-locular, with 2 subapical ovules icels (1.2—1.7 mm vs. 2.9 mm), and by different in each locule, style ca. 0.3 mm long after anthesis. 318 Novon of stamens. Drawn from the isotype Kollmann 5055 et al. (BHCB). central, terete; stigmas obscure. Mature drupes not protection for this species, although the population seen, immature drupes 3.4—4.8 X 2.8—4.2 cm, ± status is unknown. pyriform, the epicarp crustaceous, smooth, drying This new species resembles Peritassa mexiae by brown-pruinose, minutely alveolate; seeds ea. 5, the disc, stamens, and pistil, and the dried leaf 2.3 X 1 cm, reniform. color and texture, but may be distinguished by the blade apex (acuminate vs. acute), smaller inflores¬ Phenology. Collected with dowers in Novem¬ ber; collected with immature fruits in April anil cences (1.1—1.8 X 1.1—1.8 cm vs. (0.8—)2.3—5.0 X (0.8-)2.8—7.1 cm), color of flowers (green vs. yel¬ May. low), shape of petals (± circular vs. elliptic), num¬ Distribution and habitat. Peritassa longifolia occurs at altitudes of ca. 700 m in the rain forests ber of ovules in each locule (2 vs. 1), and bigger of Espfrito Santo, on the southeastern Atlantic coast fruits (immature 3.'4—4.8 X 2.8—4.2 cm vs. mature of Brazil, and is known only within the limits of the 2.4—2.7 X 1.6—2.2 X 1.1 cm). Peritassa longifolia Augusto Ruschi Biological Reserve, an area with is also similar to Peritassa sadleri described herein, 4000 ha of primary rain lorest. This area is one of with the almost identical flowers. However, the two the lew intact and relatively large forest fragments species are distinguished by their habit (liana vs. in Espfrito Santo. The Biological Reserve provides small tree), by the bigger pedicels (2.9 mm vs. 1.2— Volume 14, Number 3 Lombardi 319 2004 Celastraceae from Southeastern Brazil 1.7 mm), and by different fruits (immature 3.4—4.8 0.6 X 0.4 mm, conical, carnose, free from repro¬ X 2.8—4.2 cm, subpyriform vs. mature 4—6.8 X 2.6 ductive parts, the margin grooved, entire; stamens X 2.1 cm, ellipsoid). 3, ca. 1 mm long, at first appressed together around pistil, after exserted and reflexed, the filaments flat¬ Paratypes. BRAZIL. Espfrito Santo: Sarila Teresa. tened, the connective adaxially thickened, the an¬ Nova Lombardia, Res. Biol. Augusto Rusclii, 8 May 2002. R. R. Vervloet 230 & E. Hausen (BHCB, MBML); trilha thers ca. 0.17 X 0.4 mm, oblong, slightly emargin¬ Roda D'Agua, 2 Apr. 2002, R. R. Vervloet 53, E. Hausen ate at apex, basifixed, dehiscence extrorse by & W. Pizziolo (BHCB, MBML). oblique almost transverse apical slits; pistil 0.65 X Comments on the two Peritassa species described 1 mm, conical, ovary 3-lobed, 3-locular, with 2 ax¬ herein. The transversally dehiscent anther locule illary ovules in each locule, style ca. 0.5 mm long and inconspicuous connective group Peritassa lon- after anthesis, central, conical, 3-angled, stigmas gifolia and P. sadleri with P. calypsoides (Cambes- obscure. Immature drupes 5.4 X 3.5 cm, pyriform, sedes) A. C. Smith, P. rnexiae, and the former Ton- sometimes ribbed at base, the epicarp crustaceous, telea glabra, whose combination in Peritassa is drying brown-pruinose, minutely rugose; seeds I or here proposed; these five species stand apart from 2. 2.8 X 2.3 X 1.5 cm, reniform. remaining Peritassa species by their almost trans¬ Phenology. Collected with flowers in January; verse anther dehiscence slits and connective not collected with immature fruits in October. exceeding thecae. However, an intermediary mor¬ Distribution and habitat. Salaeia nemorosa oc¬ phology is found in P hatschbachii Lombardi, with curs at altitudes of ca. 650—850 m in the rain for¬ its oblique anther dehiscence slits and a connective ests of Espfrito Santo, on the southeastern Atlantic which slightly or not at all surpasses the thecae. coast of Brazil. This taxon is known only from Santa Teresa municipality, which includes the Santa Lu¬ Salaeia nemorosa Lombardi, sp. nov. TYPE: Bra¬ cia and Augusto Rusclii Biological Reserves, areas zil. Espfrito Santo: Santa Teresa, Res. Biol. with 2500 and 4000 ha, respectively, of primary Santa Lucia, trilha do palmiteiro, 27 Jan. and secondary rain forests inside the city limits. 2000, V. Demuner 621 & E. Hausen (holotype, The biological reserves provide adequate protection MBML; isotype, BHCB). Figure 3. for this species, which have reproductive popula¬ filter species austro-orientales Brasilienses inflorescen- tions in different places in Santa Teresa. tia forma singulari distincta. Salaciae mosenii disci forma This new' species is distinguished from all other similis, sed disci externa margine suleo praedito, floribus southeastern Brazilian species by its pedunculate maioribus et fructibus minoribus pyriformibus distincta. inflorescence; Salaeia elliptica (Martins ex Schul¬ frees, ca. 10—12 m, DBH 35 cm, glabrous, tes) G. Don, Salaeia crassifolia (Martius ex Schul¬ branches terete, lenticellate, sulcate, smooth, with tes) G. Don, and Salaeia grandifolia (Martius ex seasonal growth marked by scale-like cataphylls. Schultes) G. Don have fasciculate inflorescences, Leaves opposite; stipules 0.6 mm, persistent, tri¬ while Salaeia mosenii A. C. Smith has chiefly ses¬ angular, margin denticulate; petioles 0.6—0.7(—0.8) sile thyrsoid-paniculate inflorescences and Salaeia cm, canaliculate; blades (8—)8.9—10.6 X 3-4(—4.9) arborea (Schrank) Peyritseh has simple or com¬ cm. elliptic, chartaceous, drying brown, the base pound dichasia. It resembles Salaeia mosenii in its cuneate, the apex acuminate or acute, tip slightly conic disc, but it differs because the disc has a emarginate, the margin entire and thickened, flattened outer margin instead of a groove and larg¬ cream-colored when dry, venation broehidodromous er flowers (4.7 mm vs. 2.4—4.3 mm) and different with veins slightly prominulous on both sides, fruit shape (pyriform vs. spherical). cream-colored when dry. Inflorescence thyrsoid-pa- niculate, 1.8—2.8 X 1—2.5 cm, with ca. 18 flowers, Paratypes. BRAZIL. Espfrito Santo: Santa Teresa, axillary at leafless nodes; bracts 0.7-1.3 mm long, Alto Sao Lourengo, Sftio da Cachoeira, 25 Oct. 2000, V. triangular, the margin erose; peduncle 0.8—1.3 cm, Demuner 1490, E. Hausen & W. Pizziolo (BHCB, MBML); Santa Teresa, Est. Biol, de Santa Lucia, 22 Sep. 1993, L. terete, all branches opposite, terete; pedicels (1.9—)2.9 I). Thomaz 1722 (BHCB, MBML); Santa Teresa, Res. Biol. mm long, terete, minutely punctuate; bracteoles 2, Augusto Ruschi, estr. Alto Goiapaba—Agu, 10 Jan. 2002, opposite at base of pedicel, triangular, 0.7 mm long. L Kollrnann 5294 & E. Hausen (BHCB, MBML), 10 Jan. Flowers yellow, 4.7 mm w ide at anthesis; calyx syn- 2002, L. Kollrnann 5299 & E. Hausen (BHCB, MBML); sepalous, sepals 5, lobes 0.5 X 1 mm, triangular trilha da cachoeira, 29 Jan. 2002, /.. Kollrnann 5361 & E. Hausen (BHCB, MBML); Santa Teresa, Nova Lombar¬ or elliptic, coriaceous, the margin entire, involute; dia, Res. Biol. Augusto Rusclii, estr. Goiapaba—Agu, 24 petals 5, 2.2 X 1—1.2 mm, elliptic, ± chartaceous, Oct. 2002, R. R. Verrloet 1272, E. Hausen & W. Pizziolo spreading at anthesis, the margin undulate; disc ca. (MBML). 320 Novon Figure 3. Solaria nemorosa Lombardi. —A. Lateral view of flower. —lb branch with leaves and inflorescences. —C. Lateral and adaxial views of stamens. —D. Lateral view of middle section of open flower showing disc, two stamens, and pistil. Drawn from the isotype Demuner 621 & Hausen (BHCB). Iii addition to the aforementioned novelties, a I 15 species, including Peritassa mexiae A. C. new combination is proposed. Smith and Peritassa calypsoides (Cambessedes) A. C. Smith. These species have an inconspicuous an¬ IVritussa glabra (A. C. Smith) Lombardi, comb, ther connective and oblique dehiscence clefts, al¬ nov. Basionym: Tontelea glabra A. C. Smith, most transverse, and are distinguished from other Brittonia 3: 500. 1940. TYPE: Bolivia. La Paz: fleshy-fruited genera (tribe Salacieae, Mennega, 1997) because the anther locules, although dehis¬ San Carlos, Mapiri region, 850 m, 5 Feb. cent by transversal clefts, are not confluent at the 1927, O. Buchtien 1728 (holotype, NY; iso¬ apex. The type of Peritassa calypsoides was not type, F). studied hv Smith, who confused this species with a Smith (1940) revised the Hippocrateoideae (as previously undescribed Peritassa species, P. Hippocrateaceae) from the Neotropics, recognizing hatschbachii Lombardi (Lombardi & Temponi, Volume 14, Number 3 Lombardi 321 2004 Celastraceae from Southeastern Brazil 1999). Peritassa mexiae was described based on a viewing the manuscript, GNPq for the research fel¬ single specimen with detached “imperfect” flowers lowship grant (523026/96-0), and FAPEMIG for a found between the inflorescence branches (Smith, financial research grant (CBS-2080/96) as well as 1940: 518). I examined the isotype specimens (K the support of tin* author’s participation in the Bra¬ Mexia 5206, A, BM, F, GH, NY, VIC), and the zilian Botanical Congress in 2003. I thank the cu¬ flowers referred to by Smith appear to be older rators of the following herbaria for the loans of dried flowers that had fallen between the inflores¬ specimens: A, BM, CTES, F, GH, IAN, IPA, MBM, cence branches and remained on the sheet. At the MBML, MG, MO, NY, R, RB, S, SPF, U, UB. US, same time. Smith described Tontelea glabra A. C. VIC. Drawings are by the author. Smith (1940: 500), but did not perceive the simi¬ larity of this species with Peritassa mexiae. I went Literature Cited through the types of Tontelea glabra and a number Hall6, N. 1990. Cdlastracdes (Hippoerateoiddes). Pp. 1— of Amazonian collections from several herbarium 247 in 15. Satabie & P. Morat, Flore du Cameroun 32. collections (CTES, F, IAN. I PA. MG, NY. R, RB, Ministdre de l’Enseignement Supdrieur de l’lnformatique et de la Recherche Scientifique, Yaoun¬ S, U, UB, US) and did not encounter the anther de. character of “confluent horizontal apical clefts" Hedin, J. P. T. 1999. Systematic Studies of the Neotropical (Smith. 1940: 501) used by the author for inclusion Species of Salacia L. (Hippocrateaeeae) and Its Rela¬ of this taxon in Tontelea. tives. Ph.D. Thesis, Washington University, St. Ixmis. [Unpublished.] Tontelea in Smith’s (1940: 355) key is distin¬ Lombardi, J. A. & L. G. Temponi. 1999. A new species guished from Peritassa by the dehiscence of anthers of Peritassa Miers (Hippocrateaeeae) from southern Bra¬ by confluent slits, while Peritassa dehiscence was zil, and notes on two confused species. Novon 9: 221— by non-confluent slits. Almost all species in Ton¬ 226. telea have oblong, relatively large anthers (0.2—0.4 Mennega, A. M. W. 1997. Wood anatomy ol the llippo- crateoideae (Celastraceae). IAWA .1. IB: 331—368. X 0.3—0.6(0.8) mm) with clearly transverse dehis¬ Miers, J. 1B72. On the Hippocrateaeeae of South America. cence slits and 3-lobed stigmas, alternate or op¬ Trans. Linn. Soc. London 2B: 319-432. posite with stamens, except for the aberrant species Peyritisch, J. 1878. Hippocrateaeeae. Pp. 125-164 in C. Tontelea cylindrocarpa, T. myrsinoides, T. nectan- F. P Martius & A. G. Eiehler, Flora Brasiliensis I 1(1). Frid. Fleischer, Lipsiae. drifolia, and T. glabra, which have relatively small¬ Simmons, M. P., C. C. Clevinger, V. Savolainen, R. H. er anthers (0.1—0.3 X 0.2—0.3(0.5) mm) and unlo- Archer, S. Mathews & J. F. Doyle. 2<K)I a. Phylogeny of bed stigmas. The transfer of T. glabra to the genus the Celastraceae inferred from phytochrome B gene se¬ Peritassa diminishes the morphological discrepan¬ quence and morphology. Amer. J. Bot. 88: 313—325. cy within Tontelea; the generic placement of the -, V. Savolainen, C. C. Clevinger, R. II. Archer & ,1. 1. Davis. 2001b. Phylogeny of the Celastraceae in¬ other three divergent species remains to be studied. ferred from 26S nuclear ribosomal l)NA, phylochrome B, rbcL, atpB, and morphology. Molec. Phylogenet. Acknowledgments. The author thanks T. S. Fil- Fvol. 19: 353-366. gueiras for the Latin diagnoses, Victoria Hollowell, Smith, A. C. 1940. The American species of Hippoera- Jon Ricketson, and Mark Simmons for critically re¬ teaeeae. Brittonia 3: 341—555.