OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,13/3/2018,SPi Thinking About Things OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,13/3/2018,SPi OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,13/3/2018,SPi Thinking About Things Mark Sainsbury 1 OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,13/3/2018,SPi 3 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxford,OX26DP, UnitedKingdom OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwide.Oxfordisaregisteredtrademarkof OxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountries ©MarkSainsbury2018 Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted FirstEditionpublishedin2018 Impression:1 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthe priorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermitted bylaw,bylicenceorundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographics rightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethescopeofthe aboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,atthe addressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisworkinanyotherform andyoumustimposethissameconditiononanyacquirer PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyOxfordUniversityPress 198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NY10016,UnitedStatesofAmerica BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017958456 ISBN 978–0–19–880334–8 Printedandboundby CPIGroup(UK)Ltd,Croydon,CR04YY LinkstothirdpartywebsitesareprovidedbyOxfordingoodfaithand forinformationonly.Oxforddisclaimsanyresponsibilityforthematerials containedinanythirdpartywebsitereferencedinthiswork. OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,13/3/2018,SPi For Victoria OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,13/3/2018,SPi OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,13/3/2018,SPi Contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction 1 1. IntentionalityandIntensionality 3 2. “Something” 29 3. ADisplayTheoryofAttitudeAttribution 62 4. Nonspecificity 103 5. Inference 121 6. RelationalityandRepresentation 143 Flashbacks 181 References 187 IndexofExamples 195 GeneralIndex 197 OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,13/3/2018,SPi OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,13/3/2018,SPi Acknowledgments MaterialfromChapters1and6waspublishedas“IntentionalRelations” inArgumenta2017,editedbyAlbertoVoltolini.MaterialfromChapter3 waspublishedas“AttitudesonDisplay”inNon-PropositionalAttitudes, editedbyAlexGrzankowskiandMichelleMontague(OxfordUniversity Press).Mythankstothepublishersandeditorsforpermissiontousethe materialhere. I thank the University of Texas at Austin for granting me sabbatical leave (Faculty Research Award) in Fall 2012, when I began work on the book, and for providing other research support, in particular a Jesse H. Jones Regents Professorship in Liberal Arts. I have benefited from discussions at conferences: in Turin in June 2015, at CUNY Graduate Center in February 2016, at King’s College London in May 2016, and at the University of the Witwatersrand in August 2016. For helpful observations on these occasions I am specially grateful to Bill Brewer, Hartry Field, Alex Orenstein, David Papineau, Graham Priest, Murali Ramachandran, Kate Ritchie, Alberto Voltolini, and Timothy Williamson. I am indebted to many people for comments on draft versions, including Oxford University Press’s anonymous referees, my colleague Ray Buchanan, and to Bryan Pickel and Zach Blaesi, both of whom readearliercompletedraftsandgaveinvaluablefeedback.Iofferspecial thanks to Graeme Forbes, who, marked-up draft under his arm, gen- erously came to Austin from Boulder for a couple of days to talk to me about these issues. The University of Texas has excellent graduate students, and I have benefited from their feedback in various graduate seminarsgiven jointlywith Michael Tye; andMichael himself has been arelentlessandinspiringcritic. My wife Victoria Goodman gave me challenging comments at every stage,savingmefromendlessmistakesofsubstanceandstyle.Ioweher thedeepestthanks,forthisandforeverythingelse.