Encounters off Eastern Oititodoxy and Western Tradition Carnegie Samuel Calian Theology Without Boundaries Other Books by Carnegie Samuel Calian Today’s Pastor in Tomorrow’s World The Significance of Eschatology in the Thoughts of Nicholas Berdyaev Berdyaev’s Philosophy of Hope (revised edition) Icon and Pulpit: The Protestant-Orthodox Encounter Grace, Guts and Goods: How to Stay Christian in an Affluent Society The Gospel According to the Wall Street Journal For All Your Seasons: Biblical Directions Through Life’s Passages Where’s the Passion for Excellence in the Church? Theology Without Boundaries Encounters of Eastern Orthodoxy and Western Tradition CARNEGIE SAMUEL CALIAN WESTMINSTER/JOHN KNOX PRESS Louisville, Kentucky © 1992 Carnegie Samuel Calian All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Westminster/John Knox Press, 100 Witherspoon Street, Louisville, Kentucky 40202-1396. Scripture quotations from the Revised Standard Version of the Bible are copyright 1946, 1952,© 1971, 1973 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A., and are used by permission. Scripture quotations marked NEB are taken from The New English Bible, © The Delegates of the Oxford University Press and The Syndics of the Cambridge University Press, 1961, 1970. Used by permission. Book desig?i by Publishers’ WorkGroup First edition Published by Westminster/John Knox Press Louisville, Kentucky This book is printed on acid-free paper that meets the American National Standards Institute Z39.48 standard. 0) PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 987654321 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Calian, Carnegie Samuel. Theology without boundaries : encounters of Eastern Orthodoxy and Western tradition / Carnegie Samuel Calian. — 1st ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-664-25156-0 1. Orthodox Eastern Church—Doctrines. 2. Orthodox Eastern Church—Relations. 3. Christian union. 1. 44tle. BX320.2.C32 1992 281.9—dc20 91-32972 Dedicated with love to Grace Ajemian Zobian Contents Acknowledgments vii Preface ix Part One: Eastern Orthodoxy and the Spirit of Renewal 1. Ecumenical Councils and the Spirit 3 2. Holy Spirit and the Historical Process 17 3. Patriarch Lucaris’s Calvinistic Confession 28 Part Two: Challenges to Eastern Orthodoxy and the Future 4. The Question of Authority: An Ecumenical Crossroad 45 5. Empowering Theology: The Prayers of Interiority 51 6. Nationalism, Modernization, and Orthodoxy in the Balkans 67 7. Secularized Spirituality of Nikos Kazantzakis 80 8. Beyond Icon and Pulpit: Theologizing Without Boundaries 92 Appendix: Eastern Confession of the Christian Faith 105 Notes 111 Index 127