THEOBALD BOEHM AND THE HISTORY OF THE ALTO FLUTE INCLUDING THE FACSIMILE EDITION OF HIS ARRANGEMENT OF BEETHOVEN'S LARGO FROM THE CONCERTO FOR PIANO, OP. 15, NO. I FOR ALTO FLUTE AND PIANO (C. 1858), WITH THREE RECITALS OF SELECTED WORKS BY GRIFFES, TELEMANN, BARTOK, JOLIVET, GAUBERT, AND OTHERS Andrea Redcay, B.Mus., M.Mus. iP OVED: M ail&P fessor Minor Professor Comrpittee member Dean of the college of Music Dean of the Robert B. Toulouse School of Graduate Studies 37? THEOBALD BOEHM AND THE HISTORY OF THE ALTO FLUTE INCLUDING THE FACSIMILE EDITION OF HIS ARRANGEMENT OF BEETHOVEN'S LARGO FROM THE CONCERTO FOR PIANO, OP. 15, NO. 1 FOR ALTO FLUTE AND PIANO (C. 1858), WITH THREE RECITALS OF SELECTED WORKS BY GRIFFES, TELEMANN, BARTOK, JOLIVET, GAUBERT, AND OTHERS DISSERTATION Presented to the Graduate Council of the University of North Texas in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF MUSICAL ARTS By Andrea Redcay, B.Mus., M.Mus. Denton, Texas May, 1997 Redcay, Andrea,.Theobald Boehm and The History of the Alto Flute, Including The Facsimile Edition of His Arrangement of Beethoven's Largo from the Concertofor Piano, Op. 15, No. 1 for Alto Flute and Piano (c. 1855), With Three Recitals of Selected Works By Griffes, Telemann. Bart6k, Jolivet, Gaubert and Others. Doctor of Musical Arts (Performance), May 1997, pp. 109, 24 figures, bibliography, 42 titles. An historical perspective of Theobald Boehm (1794-1881) and his design of the modem alto flute. Chapters I and II discuss the development of design, playing technique and repertoire of the ancestors of the modem alto flute beginning with the Renaissance consorts detailed in the treatises of Agricola, Praetorius and Mersenne, through the Baroqueflate d'amour and its use in the music of J.S. Bach, to Boehm's alto flute design (c. 1855) and its use in early twentieth-century orchestral and chamber repertoire such as Stravinsky's Le Sacre du Printemps (1911), ending with specific aspects of contemporary alto flute design and manufacture since 1950, including the innovations of Dutch flutemaker Eva Kingma. Chapters III and IV concentrate on Boehm's mechanical and acoustical developments for the concert flute in C, the resulting modem alto flute in G, and his career as a virtuoso flutist, teacher, and composer. Chapter V is a critical commentary on Boehm's arrangement of Beethoven's Largo from the Concertofor Piano, Op. 15, No. 1 for alto flute and piano (c. 1858). Appendices A and B include the facsimile of the unpublished Largo manuscript and a list of Boehm's works for alto flute. Tape recordings of all performances submitted as dissertation requirements are on deposit in the University of North Texas Library. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page RECITAL PROGRAMS .......................................... vi LIST OF FIGURES............................. ............................................................x.. Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION...... .. .............................. 1 2. HISTORY OF THE MODERN ALTO FLUTE........................5 1450-1750 1750-1850 1850-Present 3. THEOBALD BOEHM -THE INVENTOR..................................................36 Short Biography Acoustical and Mechanical Achievements 1832-1847 The Schema T he Alt-fkite 4. THEOBALD BOEHM -THE MUSICIAN.....................65 Virtuoso Teacher Composer The Arrangements for Alto Flute Summary iv 5. BOEHM' S LARGO FROM BEETHOVEN'S CONCERTO FOR PIANO, OP.:15, NO.1......................................83 Compositional Trends in the Romantic Era Form and Style in the Largo Performance Suggestions APPENDICES A. FACSIMILE OF THE LARGO ............................................................... 90 B. LIST OF BOEHM'S WORKS FOR ALTO FLUTE...................103 BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................106 V University of North Texas 4v AOL IIIF A01 u/ n presents A Graduate Recital ANDREA REDCAY, flute accompanied by Rose Marie Chisholm, piano Monday, February 20, 1995 5:00 pm Concert Hall Poem .................................... ... Charles T. Griffes (1884-1920) Fantasiei n D Minor ......................... Georg Phillip Telemann Dolce (1681-1767) Allegro Spirituoso Fantasie in D Major ........................... Georg Phillip Telemann Allafrancese Presto -pause - Nocturne et Allegro Scherzando ........................ Phillipe Gaubert (1879-1941) Andante et Scherzo ........... . 4.*. I.0.a.0.0.a.-.0...-.-.-.-..... Louis Ganne (1862-1923) Suite Paysanne Hongroise ............................... Bila Bart6k Chantsp opulaires tristes (1881-1945) Vieiles danses trans. Paul Arma Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Musical Arts vi University of North Texas IIV I 14OW AOL Am Ad Aloll presents A Graduate Recital ANDREA REDCAY, flute assisted by Rita Mitra, piano * Barbara Barber, violin * Laura Bruton, viola Monday, September 18, 1995 6:30 pm Recital Hall Burton Sonatina............................Eldin (b. 1913) Allegretto grazioso Andantino sognando Allegro giocoso; quasif andango Sonata in A Minorf or Flute Alone, Wq. 132................C. P. E. Bach (1714-1788) Poco adagio Allegro Allegro -pause - Serenade in D Major, Opus 25.. ....... ....... Ludwig v. Beethoven (1770-1827) Entrata Tempo ordinariod 'un Menuetto Allegro molto Andante con Variazioni Allegro scherzando e vivace Adagio Allegro vivace e disin volto Jolivet Chant de Linos..........Andre (1905-1974) Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Musical Arts vii University of North Texas l2Fft;7i;IAt 004-o presents A Graduate Recital ANDREA REDCAY, flute assisted by Rose Marie Chisholm, piano - Arnold Friedman, 'cello Monday, February 24, 1997 6:30 pm Merrill Ellis Intermedia Theater Suite Modale (1956)......................... ... Ernest Bloch Moderato L'istesso tempo Allegro giocoso Adagio - Allegro deciso Trois Aquarelles (Three Water Colors) (1926).............Philippe Gaubert On a Clear Morning Autumn Evening Serenade -- pause - And the Breath Stirred... (1991).....................Allan Blank Five Paintings after paintings by Arnold Schdnberg (1996) .. .. Joseph Diermaier Blue Gaze Tears Self-Portrait Street Scene at Night Red Gaze United States Premiere viii University of North Texas AMJk T'pl Adkk A _W uV se presents A Doctoral Lecture Recital ANDREA REDCAY. flute accompanied by Rose Marie Chisholm, piano Monday, July 7, 1997 5:00 pm Recital Hall THEOBALD BOEHM AND THE HISTORY OF THE ALTO FLUTE, INCLUDING THE FACSIMILE EDITION OF HIS ARRANGEMENT OF BEETHOVEN'S LARGO FROM THE CONCERTO FOR PIANO, OP. 15, NO. 1 FOR ALTO FLUTE AND PIANO (C. 1858) Largo from Concertofor Piano, Opus 15, No. I for Alto Flute and Piano (c. 1858) .............. Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) arr. Theobald Boehm (1794-1881) Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Musical Arts ix