The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Addiction Psychopharmacology The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Addiction Psychopharmacology Edited by James MacKillop and Harriet de Wit A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication Thiseditionfirstpublished2013 (cid:2)C 2013JohnWiley&Sons,Ltd. Wiley-BlackwellisanimprintofJohnWiley&Sons,formedbythemergerofWiley’sglobal Scientific,TechnicalandMedicalbusinesswithBlackwellPublishing. RegisteredOffice JohnWiley&SonsLtd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex, PO198SQ,UK EditorialOffices 350MainStreet,Malden,MA02148-5020,USA 9600GarsingtonRoad,Oxford,OX42DQ,UK TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK Fordetailsofourglobaleditorialoffices,forcustomerservices,andforinformationabouthow toapplyforpermissiontoreusethecopyrightmaterialinthisbookpleaseseeourwebsiteat www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell. 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Coverimage:(cid:2)C FotograficaBasica/iStockphoto CoverdesignbyCyanDesign Setin10/12.5ptGalliardbyAptaraInc.,NewDelhi,India 1 2013 To Emily –JM Contents AbouttheEditors xi AbouttheContributors xiii Introduction:TheScienceofAddictionPsychopharmacology 1 JamesMacKillop&HarrietdeWit Part I Distal Determinants of Drug Use 5 1 DevelopmentalFactorsinAddiction:Methodological Considerations 7 LaurieChassin,ClarkPresson,YoungIl-Cho,MatthewLee, andJonathanMacy 2 ExecutiveDysfunctioninAddiction 27 DavidP.Jarmolowicz,E.TerryMueller,MikhailN.Koffarnus, AnneE.Carter,KirstinM.Gatchalian,andWarrenK.Bickel 3 TheRolesofRaceandSexinAddictionResearch 63 EzemenariM.Obasi,JaimeL.Richards,DelishiaM.Pittman, JokaeIngram,MarianR.Beasley,andKristenL.Ratliff 4 UnderstandingPsychiatricComorbiditiesandAddictions 83 JamesC.(Jim)Anthony 5 PersonalityandAddiction:ACriticalReviewofAssessment Approaches 111 JoshuaD.MillerandDonaldR.Lynam 6 BehavioralInhibitionandAddiction 135 MarkT.FillmoreandJessicaWeafer 7 DelayDiscountingandDrugAbuse:Empirical,Conceptual,and MethodologicalConsiderations 165 JeffreyS.SteinandGregoryJ.Madden 8 AssessmentofRiskTakinginAddictionResearch 209 JenniferDahne,JessicaM.Richards,MoniqueErnst,Laura MacPherson,andCarlW.Lejuez viii Contents 9 DistressTolerance 233 JessicaF.Magidson,BinaAli,AlysonListhaus, andStaceyB.Daughters Part II Proximal Determinants of Drug Use 257 10 MeasuringDirectEffectsofDrugsofAbuseinHumans 259 HarrietdeWit 11 TheRoleofAftereffectsandWithdrawalinAddiction 281 JonD.Kassel,JenniferC.Veilleux,AdrienneJ.Heinz, AshleyBraun,andStephanieWeber 12 DrugSelf-AdministrationParadigms:MethodsforQuantifying MotivationinExperimentalResearch 315 JamesMacKillopandCaraMurphy 13 TheAssessmentofCravinginAddictionResearch 345 LaraA.Ray,KellyE.Courtney,GuadalupeBacio, andJamesMacKillop 14 TheCueReactivityParadigminAddictionResearch 381 ElizabethK.ReynoldsandPeterM.Monti 15 StressandAffectiveInductionsinAddictionResearch 411 SuzanneThomasandAmyBacon 16 SubstancePriming 435 AbigailK.Rose 17 UnderstandingtheRoleofSubstanceExpectanciesinAddiction 459 JaneMetrikandDamarisJ.Rohsenow 18 ImplicitCognition 489 PaulChristiansenandMattField 19 ExperimentalMethodsforUnderstandingtheRoleofSocial ContextinDrugAddiction 515 MatthewG.KirkpatrickandMargaretC.Wardle 20 EcologicalMomentaryAssessment 541 ThomasR.KirchnerandSaulShiffman Part III Insights from Cognitive Science 567 21 StartleReflexandPsychophysiology 569 JeffreyC.MeehanandRobertMiranda,Jr 22 UsingQuantitativeEEGandEEGTomographytoUnderstand DrugAbuse:AQuantumLeapinNewMethodsandBenefits 599 DavidG.GilbertandHermanA.Diggs 23 FunctionalMagneticResonanceImaginginAddictionResearch 643 LawrenceH.Sweet,MichaelT.Amlung,andJamesMacKillop 24 TheRoleofPositronEmissionImaging(PET)in UnderstandingAddiction 677 DeanF.Wong,JamesRobertBraˇsic´,EmilyGean,andAyonNandi Contents ix 25 ApplicationofMagneticResonanceSpectroscopicImaging toAddictionResearch 707 SujungYoon,InKyoonLyoo,andPerryF.Renshaw Conclusions:ConsilienceastheFutureofAddictionPsychopharmacology 751 JamesMacKillop&HarrietdeWit Index 755 Platesectionbetween688and689 About the Editors JamesMacKillop DrMacKillopreceivedhisPhDinclinicalpsychologyattheStateUniversityofNew York at Binghamton, completing his predoctoral internship in clinical psychology at the Brown University Clinical Psychology Consortium. He subsequently completed a postdoctoral fellowship in addiction research at the Brown University Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, where he remains as an adjunct faculty member. His primary appointment is as an Associate Professor of Psychology at the University of Georgia, where he directs the Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology Lab- oratory. Dr MacKillop’s research uses diverse research strategies to study addictive behavior, from cognitive neuroscience and molecular genetics to human laboratory andclinicalapproaches.DrMacKillop’sresearchhasbeensupportedbytheNational InstitutesofHealth,theRobertWoodJohnsonFoundation,andtheAlcoholicMed- icalResearchFoundation,amongothergrantingagencies,andhehaspublishedover 90peer-reviewedarticlesandbookchaptersinthisarea. HarrietdeWit DrdeWitobtainedherPhDinexperimentalpsychologyfromConcordiaUniversity in Canada, and has conducted extensive research on the behavioral effects of drugs of abuse in human volunteers. She has published over 200 empirical papers and she haseditorialroleswithtwojournals,PsychopharmacologyandAlcoholism:Clinicaland Experimental Research. Dr de Wit has conducted research on individual differences in responses to drugs, including differences related to genetic variation. She has also studiedtheroleofimpulsivity,stress,andsexhormonesinacuteresponsestodrugs. She is a Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience at the University of Chicago. About the Contributors Bina Ali, MPH, Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland,CollegePark Michael T. Amlung, MS, Graduate Student, Department of Psychology, University ofGeorgia James(Jim)C.Anthony,PhD,Professor,DepartmentofEpidemiologyandBiostatis- tics,CollegeofHumanMedicine,MichiganStateUniversity Guadalupe Bacio, MA, Doctoral Student, Department of Psychology, University of California,LosAngeles AmyBacon,PhD,DepartmentofPsychology,BradleyUniversity Marian R. Beasley, MA, Doctoral Student, Counseling and Human Development Services,UniversityofGeorgia WarrenK.Bickel,PhD,ProfessorandDirector,AddictionRecoveryResearchCenter, VirginiaTechCarilionResearchInstitute James Robert Braˇsic´, MD, MPH, Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology and RadiologicalScience,TheJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicine AshleyBraun,MA,DoctoralStudent,DepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofIllinois atChicago Anne E. Carter, PhD, Research Associate, Addiction Recovery Research Center, VirginiaTechCarilionResearchInstitute LaurieChassin,PhD,RegentsProfessorofPsychology,ArizonaStateUniversity Young-IlCho,PhD,AssistantProfessor,SungshinWomen’sUniversity PaulChristiansen,SchoolofPsychology,UniversityofLiverpool KellyE.Courtney,MA,DoctoralStudent,DepartmentofPsychology,Universityof California,LosAngeles xiv AbouttheContributors JenniferDahne,BA,DepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofMaryland,CollegePark Stacey B. Daughters, PhD, Department of Behavioral and Community Health, UniversityofMaryland,CollegePark Harriet de Wit, PhD, Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuro- science,UniversityofChicago HermanA.Diggs,MA,DepartmentofPsychology,SouthernIllinoisUniversity Monique Ernst, MD, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health MattField,PhD,ReaderinExperimentalAddictionResearch,SchoolofPsychology, UniversityofLiverpool MarkFillmore,PhD,Professor,DepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofKentucky KirstinM.Gatchalian,PhD,ResearchAssociate,AddictionRecoveryResearchCenter, VirginiaTechCarilionResearchInstitute Emily Gean, PhD, Senior Research Assistant, Department of Radiology, Division of NuclearMedicine,JohnsHopkinsMedicalInstitutions David Gilbert, PhD, Professor, Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University AdrienneJ.Heinz,PhD,SanFranciscoVeteranAffairsMedicalCenter JokaeIngram,MS,DoctoralStudent,CounselingandHumanDevelopmentServices, UniversityofGeorgia David P. Jarmolowicz, PhD, Post-doctoral Associate, Addiction Recovery Research Center,VirginiaTechCarilionResearchInstitute JonD.Kassel,PhD,ProfessorofPsychology,DepartmentofPsychology,University ofIllinoisatChicago ThomasR.Kirchner,ResearchInvestigator,SchroederInstituteforTobaccoResearch andPolicyStudies,TheAmericanLegacyFoundation Matthew Kirkpatrick, PhD, Post-doctoral scholar, Department of Psychiatry and BehavioralNeuroscience,UniversityofChicago Mikhail N. Koffarnus, PhD, Research Assistant Professor, Addiction Recovery ResearchCenter,VirginiaTechCarilionResearchInstitute MatthewR.Lee,DoctoralCandidateinPsychology,ArizonaStateUniversity CarlW.Lejuez,PhD,Professor,DepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofMaryland, CollegePark AlysonListhaus,BS,UniversityofMaryland,CollegePark Donald R. Lynam, PhD, Professor, Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University In Kyoon Lyoo MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Interdisciplinary Program forNeuroscience,SeoulNationalUniversity,TheBrainInstitute,UniversityofUtah