The Use of Drugs in Food Animals : title: Benefits and Risks author: publisher: National Academies Press isbn10 | asin: 0309054346 print isbn13: 9780309054348 ebook isbn13: 9780585038100 language: English Veterinary drugs, Antibiotics in veterinary medicine, Food animals--Diseases-- subject Chemotherapy, Veterinary drug residues, Food of animal origin--Contamination. publication date: 1999 lcc: SF917.U74 1999eb ddc: 363.19/2 Veterinary drugs, Antibiotics in veterinary subject: medicine, Food animals--Diseases-- Chemotherapy, Veterinary drug residues, Food of animal origin--Contamination. Page i The Use Of Drugs In Food Animals Benefits And Risks Committee on Drug Use in Food Animals Panel on Animal Health, Food Safety, and Public Health Board on Agriculture National Research Council Food and Nutrition Board Institute of Medicine NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS Washington, D.C. 1999 Page ii NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS · 2101 Constitution Avenue, NW · Washington, D.C. 20418 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, under Agreement No. 59-0700-1-141, the Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration under Agreement No. 1-R13-FDO1495-01, and the Pew Charitable Trusts under Agreement No. 90-02372-000. Partial support was provided by the American Veterinary Medical Association and the American Feed Industry Association. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The use of drugs in food animals : benefits and risks / Committee on Drug Use in Food Animals, Panel on Animal Health, Food Safety, and Public Health, Board on Agriculture, National Research Council. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-309-05436-6 (hardcover: alk. paper) 1. Veterinary drugs. 2. Antibiotics in veterinary medicine. 3. Food animalsDiseasesChemotherapy. 4. Veterinary drug residues. 5. Food of animal originContamination. 1. National Research Council (U.S.). Board on Agriculture. Panel on Animal Health, Food Safety, and Public Health. Committee on Drug Use in Food Animals. SF917 .U74 1998 363.19'2dc21 98-58111 About the cover: The background of the cover is an electron micrograph of Staphylococcus aureus and its secretion of a polysaccharide that increases the virulence of this microbe. When these bacteria secrete this matrix, they can decrease the ability of immune cells like neutrophils to attack and destroy them. Credit for the picture is given to Dr. Albert Guidry, Dr. William Wergin, and Mr. Eric Erbe, all associated with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service at Beltsville, Maryland. ©1999 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced by any mechanical, photographic, or electronic process, or in the form of a phonographic recording, nor may it be stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, or otherwise copied for public or private use without written permission from the publisher, except for the purposes of official use by the U.S. government. Printed in the United States of America. Page iii Committee on Drug Use in Food Animals JAMES R. COFFMAN, Chair, Kansas State University JOHN AUGSBURG, American Cyanamid Company, Princeton, New Jersey1 GEORGE W. BERAN, Iowa State University HARVEY R. COLTEN, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri CONNIE GREIG, Little Acorn Ranch, Estherville, Iowa JEAN HALLORAN, Consumers Union of U.S. Inc., Yonkers, New York DERMOT HAYES, Iowa State University JOHN B. KANEENE, Michigan State University ALEXANDER MACDONALD, Pharma Science, Inc., North Caldwell, New Jersey2 KRISTEN MCNUTT, Consumer Choices, Inc., Winfield, Illinois DAVID L. MEEKER, Ohio State University STEPHEN C. NICKERSON, Hill Farm Research Station, Louisiana State University THOMAS SEAY, Atlanta Cancer Care, Atlanta, Georgia R. GREGORY STEWART, Bayer Animal Health, Inc., Watkinsville, Georgia Panel on Animal Health, Food Safety, and Public Health JOHN A. SHADDUCK, Chair, Heska Corp., Ft. Collins, Colorado KENNETH BERNS, University of Florida MICHAEL P. DOYLE, University of Georgia HOLLIS N. ERB, Cornell University JOHN FERRY, Adams, New York JERE E. GOYAN, Alteon, Inc. Ramsey, New Jersey WERNER HEUSCHELE, San Diego Zoo HELEN H. JENSEN, Iowa State University FRANKLIN M. LOEW, Medical Foods, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts JOY A. MENCH, University of California, Davis HARLEY MOON, Iowa State University WILSON G. POND, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York R. GREGORY STEWART, Bayer Animal Health, Inc., Watkinsville, Georgia Staff MICHAEL J. PHILLIPS, Program Director THEODORE H. ELSASSER, Project Director SHIRLEY THATCHER, Senior Project Assistant JULIEMARIE GOUPIL, Project Assistant MARY I. POOS, Program Director (through April 30, 1997) DEBORAH FAISON, Senior Project Assistant (through July 30, 1995) DENNIS BLACKWELL, Senior Project Assistant (after July 30, 1995) 1Served through August, 1995 2Served through May, 1995 Page iv BOARD ON AGRICULTURE DALE E. BAUMAN, Chairman, Cornell University JOHN M. ANTLE, Montana State University SANDRA S. BATIE, Michigan State University MAY R. BERENBAUM, University of Illinois LEONARD S. BULL, North Carolina State University WILLIAM B. DELAUDER, Delaware State University ANTHONY S. EARL, Quarles & Brady Law Firm, Madison, Wisconsin ESSEX E. FINNEY, JR., Mitchellville, Maryland CORNELIA FLORA, Iowa State University GEORGE R. HALLBERG, The Cadmus Group, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts RICHARD R. HARWOOD, Michigan State University T. KENT KIRK, University of Wisconsin, Madison HARLEY W. MOON, Iowa State University WILLIAM L. OGREN, University of Illinois GEORGE E. SEIDEL, JR., Colorado State University JOHN W. SUTTIE, University of Wisconsin JAMES J. ZUICHES, Washington State University Staff J. PAUL GILMAN, Executive Director MICHAEL J. PHILLIPS, Director Page v FOOD AND NUTRITION BOARD CUTHBERTO GARZA, Cornell University JOHN W. ERDMAN, University of Illinois LINDSAY H. ALLEN, University of California BENJAMIN CABALLERO, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health FERGUS M. CLYDESDALE, University of Massachusetts ROBERT J. COUSINS, University of Florida MICHAEL P. DOYLE, University of Georgia JOHANNA T. DWYER, New England Medical Center SCOTT M. GRUNDY, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center CHARLES H. HENNEKENS, Harvard Medical School JANET C. KING, University of California SANFORD A. MILLER, University of Texas Health Science Center ROSS L. PRENTICE, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center A. CATHARINE ROSS, Pennsylvania State University ROBERT E. SMITH, R.E. Smith Consulting, Inc. VIRGINIA A. STALLINGS, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia VERNON R. YOUNG, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Staff ALLISON YATES, Director BERNADETTE MARRIOTT, Project Officer Page vi The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self- perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. 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