The United Nations Post-2015 Agenda for Global Development: Perspectives from China and Europe 14-10112_US_Study 80.indd 3 14.02.14 12:53 The United Nations Post-2015 Agenda for Global Development: Perspectives from China and Europe The German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) is a multidisciplinary research, policy advice and training institute for Germany’s bilateral and multilateral development cooperation. On the basis of independent research, it acts as a consultant to public institutions in Germany and abroad on current issues of cooperation between developed and developing countries. Through its nine-month training course, the German Development Institute prepares German and European university graduates for careers in the field of development policy. Studies 84 Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik The United Nations Post-2015 Agenda for Global Development: Perspectives from China and Europe Thomas Fues / Jiang Ye (eds.) Bonn 2014 Studies / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik ISSN 1860-0468 Die deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available at http:// dnb.d-nb.de. ISBN 978-3-88985-649-4 © Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik gGmbH Tulpenfeld 6, 53113 Bonn +49 (0)228 94927-0 +49 (0)228 94927-130 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.die-gdi.de Contents Abbreviations Executive summary 1 Introduction Thomas Fues / Jiang Ye 5 Part I Chinese and BRICS perspectives of the post-2015 agenda 9 A strong voice for global sustainable development: how China can play a leading role in the post-2015 agenda Jiang Ye / Thomas Fues 11 On China’s participation in the post-2015 international development agenda Chun Zhang 23 China and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Hongyuan Yu 41 Climate finance, post-2015 international development cooperation and China’s role Yu Ye 53 Chinese contributions to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): promoting urbanisation Jing Wang 69 A comparative study of the official policies of China and India on the post-2015 development agenda of the United Nations Chuankai Jiao 83 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and beyond: BRICS perspectives – the cases of Brazil and China Haibin Niu 99 The evolution and dynamics of South Africa’s official post-2015 position Ming Zhu 115 Emerging economies in the post-2015 negotiations: how their positioning will shape the new agenda Christine Hackenesch / Heiner Janus 133 Part II German and European perspectives of the post-2015 agenda 149 German positions on the post-2015 global agenda for sustainable development Imme Scholz 151 The EU can contribute more than aid to the global development agenda Mark Furness / Heiner Janus / Stephan Klingebiel / Mario Negre 169 Post 2015: what can the European Union learn from past international negotiations? Niels Keijzer / Adam Moe Fejerskov 185 Part III Conceptual challenges for the post-2015 agenda 199 Millennium plus or Sustainable Development Goals: how to combine human development objectives with targets for global public goods? Markus Loewe 201 Progress, prospects and lessons from the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) Nicole Rippin 231 How to avoid the silo structure of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) Nicole Rippin 253 Risks and side-effects of global frameworks: what lessons for the post-2015 agenda? Thomas Fues 267 Towards a fair and balanced set of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Hongyuan Yu 285 Post-2015: why is the water-energy-land nexus important for the future development agenda? Clara Brandi / Carmen Richerzhagen / Katharina Stepping 297 Conceptualising migration in the context of sustainable development in a post-2015 framework Benjamin Schraven / Niels Keijzer 311 The international battle against tax fraud and evasion: a key part of the post-2015 agenda Christian von Haldenwang / Uwe Kerkow 323 The post-2015 development agenda: the role of the United Nations Timo Mahn / Pio Wennubst 337 The G20’s development agenda and its role in the post-2015 process Haibing Zhang 351 List of contributors 367 Abbreviations ABC Brazilian Cooperation Agency AF Adaptation Fund AGN African Group of Negotiators AIDS Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ANC African National Congress ATAF African Tax Administration Forum AU African Union AUC African Union Commission BMUB Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (Germany) BMZ Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (Germany) BNDES Brazilian Development Bank BRICS Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CBDR Common but differentiated responsibilities CBDR-RC Common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities CCCTB Common Consolidated Corporate Tax Base CHOGM Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting CIAT Latin American Association of Tax Authorities CIF Climate Investment Fund CO Carbon dioxide 2 COP Conference of parties CPC Communist Party of China CSGs Civil society groups CSPI Correlation Sensitive Poverty Index