The Taming of Free Speech LAURA WEINRIB The Taming of Free Speech Amer i ca’s Civil Liberties Compromise Cambridge, Mas sa chu setts, and London, Eng land 2016 Copyright © 2016 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College All rights reserved Printed in the United States of Amer i ca First printing Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Weinrib, Laura M., author. Title: The taming of free speech : Amer i ca’s civil liberties compromise / Laura Weinrib. Description: Cambridge, Mas sa chu setts : Harvard University Press, 2016. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifi ers: LCCN 2016010531 | ISBN 9780674545717 (alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Freedom of speech— United States— History—20th century. | Employee rights— United States— History—20th century. | Civil rights— United States— History—20th century. | Labor movement— United States— History— 20th century. | American Civil Liberties Union. Classifi cation: LCC KF4772 .W44 2016 | DDC 342.7308/53— dc23 LC rec ord available at https:// lccn . loc . gov / 2016010531 For my parents, Estee and Richard Weinrib Contents Introduction 1 1 Freedom of Speech in Class War Time 14 2 The Citadel of Civil Liberty 53 3 The Right of Agitation 82 4 Dissent 111 5 The New Battleground 146 6 Old Left, New Rights 183 7 The Civil Liberties Consensus 226 8 Free Speech or Fair Labor 270 Epilogue 311 Abbreviations 331 Notes 335 Acknowl edgments 441 Index 445 The Taming of Free Speech