L The Stylistics of Landscapes, i n g u i s the Landscapes of Stylistics t i c A p p r o a c h e s t o L Edited by John Douthwaite, i t e r a Daniela Francesca Virdis t u r e and Elisabetta Zurru 28 John Benjamins Publishing Company The Stylistics of Landscapes, the Landscapes of Stylistics Linguistic Approaches to Literature (LAL) issn 1569-3112 Linguistic Approaches to Literature (LAL) provides an international forum for researchers who believe that the application of linguistic methods leads to a deeper and more far-reaching understanding of many aspects of literature. The emphasis will be on pragmatic approaches intersecting with areas such as experimental psychology, psycholinguistics, computational linguistics, cognitive linguistics, stylistics, discourse analysis, sociolinguistics, rhetoric, and philosophy. For an overview of all books published in this series, please see http://benjamins.com/catalog/lal Editors Sonia Zyngier Joanna Gavins Federal University of Rio de Janeiro University of Sheffield Advisory Editorial Board Douglas Biber Arthur C. Graesser University of München Northern Arizona University University of Memphis Yeshayahu Shen Marisa Bortolussi Frank Hakemulder Tel Aviv University University of Alberta Utrecht University Mick Short Geoff M. Hall Lancaster University Donald C. Freeman University of Southern University of Wales, Swansea Michael Toolan California David L. Hoover University of Birmingham New York University Reuven Tsur Richard Gerrig Don Kuiken Tel Aviv University Stony Brook University University of Alberta Peter Verdonk Raymond W. Gibbs, Jr. Paisley Livingston University of Amsterdam University of California, University of Copenhagen Santa Cruz Keith Oatley Rachel Giora University of Toronto Tel Aviv University Willie van Peer Volume 28 The Stylistics of Landscapes, the Landscapes of Stylistics Edited by John Douthwaite, Daniela Francesca Virdis and Elisabetta Zurru The Stylistics of Landscapes, the Landscapes of Stylistics Edited by John Douthwaite University of Genoa Daniela Francesca Virdis University of Cagliari Elisabetta Zurru University of Genoa John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam / Philadelphia TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of 8 the American National Standard for Information Sciences – Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ansi z39.48-1984. doi 10.1075/lal.28 Cataloging-in-Publication Data available from Library of Congress: isbn 978 90 272 0002 0 (Hb) isbn 978 90 272 6460 2 (e-book) © 2017 – John Benjamins B.V. Immersed in imagined landscapes: Contextual frames and metalepsis in representing virtual travel in Elspeth Davie’s “A map of the world” (Chapter 4) is © by Catherine Emmott and is reproduced by permission of the author. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publisher. John Benjamins Publishing Company · https://benjamins.com Table of contents Acknowledgements vii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 John Douthwaite, Daniela Francesca Virdis and Elisabetta Zurru Chapter 2 The role of analogy in Charles Dickens’ Pictures from Italy 21 Katie Wales Chapter 3 Listing and impressionism in Charles Dickens’s description of Genoa in Pictures from Italy 31 Mick Short Chapter 4 Immersed in imagined landscapes: Contextual frames and metalepsis in representing virtual travel in Elspeth Davie’s “A map of the world” 45 Catherine Emmott Chapter 5 The blind tour: Spatial abstraction in experimental fiction 61 Lars Bernaerts Chapter 6 “How Others See …”: Landscape and identity in a translated poem by Radnóti 81 Judit Zerkowitz Chapter 7 The poems of Edward Thomas: A case study in ecostylistics 95 Andrew Goatly vi The Stylistics of Landscapes, the Landscapes of Stylistics Chapter 8 Landscape as a dominant hero in “Bezhin Meadow” by I. S. Turgenev 123 Maria Langleben Chapter 9 A social landscape: Form and style in an Edith Wharton short story 153 John Douthwaite Chapter 10 The agency of The Hungry Tide: An ecostylistic analysis 191 Elisabetta Zurru Name index 233 Subject index 235 Acknowledgements Books involve an enormous amount of work, and edited collections with such a broad range of themes, methods, genres and languages particularly so. In this specific case, the method of working was highly cooperative, inasmuch as authors exchanged and revised each other’s chapters. Katie Wales and Mick Short went even further, for they planned their articles together. Andrew Goatly also cooper- ated with one of the editors, Elisabetta Zurru, in the designing of their chapters. The first acknowledgement thus goes to the authors for their cooperation in the project. In particular, Mick Short was his usual vigorous, active self, giving the editors much welcome professional and human advice on a wide variety of matters throughout the production of the book, including reading a number of the chapters with his proverbial critical eye. Cathy Emmott went through the Introduction with a fine-tooth comb, helping to identify weaknesses. The second round of thanks goes to the external reviewers, who provided inval- uable feedback which helped improve the volume: Szilvia Csábi, Monika Fludernik, Craig Hamilton, Jeremy Scott, Peter Stockwell, Peter Verdonk. On a more personal note, our heartfelt thanks go to Pina (Giuseppina) Cortese, long-time friend and eminent colleague, not only for having reviewed and revised several of the chapters in great critical depth and provided invaluable editorial assistance, but also for having been always extremely supportive and instantly willing to help. Our grateful thanks go to Professor Giacomo Deferrari, the Rector of the University of Genoa in 2010, who provided funding for the PALA and IALS Conferences, which took place that year and which constituted the fruitful launch- ing pad of this book. We are also thankful to the students who assisted us in running the three con- ferences which preceded the planning and writing of this book. Last, but definitely not least, thanks go to Sonia Zyngier and Joanna Gavins for accepting to publish this book in their Linguistic Approaches to Literature Series, to Kees Vaes for his constant and invaluable support, and to John Benjamins Publishing Company. We owe a great debt of gratitude to each and every one of these people: this volume was brought to completion thanks to their efforts as much as to ours. Chapter 1 Introduction John Douthwaite, Daniela Francesca Virdis and Elisabetta Zurru 1. Themes, tools and interconnections This book has had a long gestation. The seeds were planted at the conference of the Associazione Italiana di Anglistica (AIA – Italian Association of English Studies) en- titled Cityscapes: Islands of the Self, which we three editors organised in Cagliari in 2005; afterwards, the conferences of the Poetics And Linguistics Association (PALA) and the International Association of Literary Semantics (IALS) we organised in Genoa in 2010, both on the theme of landscape, contributed greatly to reinforcing our ideas. In time, our interest in the investigation of the notion of landscape and of its functional and ideational applications grew. LAND-SIG, a PALA special interest group on the stylistics of landscape, space and place was established by Ernestine Lahey and Daniela Francesca Virdis in 2010; subsequently, two LAND-SIG work- shops were held at the 2014 PALA conference in Maribor (convened by Lahey and Virdis) and at the 2017 PALA conference in West Chester (convened by Lahey, Virdis and Zurru). We therefore became increasingly aware that we were dealing with a notion which is far more multifaceted than may appear at first sight. It be- came evident to us that, in a moment in history of increasing upheavals and turmoil, the reference to physical or metaphorical landscape in literary and non-literary texts often offers the opportunity to represent, criticise or envision possible ways of facing and eluding the unease of modern life which has come to dominate the world scene in recent decades. Several of the chapters in this collection reflect this unease by stressing human community and communion in opposition to nationalistic, in- dividualistic and populistic stances which have seemingly taken firm hold in many countries in recent years. Another source of anxiety and possible responses to the issues causing that anxiety – the destruction of the planet’s natural resources and the iniquitous distribution of such resources – are dealt with in the two chapters on ecostylistics. Readers might legitimately be asking themselves what such social and moral considerations have to do with The Landscapes of Stylistics, the Stylistics of Landscapes. The answer requires an explanation of our use of that term. The word “landscapes” is used both literally and metaphorically. doi 10.1075/lal.28.01dou © 2017 John Benjamins Publishing Company