THE SENSES AND THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY The study of perception and the role of the senses have recently risen to prominence in philosophy and are now a major area of study and research. However, the philosophical history of the senses remains a relatively neglected subject. Moving beyond the current phi- losophical canon, this outstanding collection offers a wide-ranging and diverse philosophical exploration of the senses, from the classical period to the present day. Written by a team of international contributors, it is divided into six parts: (cid:1) Perception from Non-Western Perspectives (cid:1) Perception in the Ancient Period (cid:1) Perception in the Medieval Latin/Arabic Period (cid:1) Perception in the Early Modern Period (cid:1) Perception in the Post-Kantian Period (cid:1) Perception in the Contemporary Period. The volume challenges conventional philosophical study of perception bycovering a wide range of significant, as well as hitherto overlooked, topics, such as perceptual judgment, temporal and motion illusions, mirror and picture perception, animal senses and cross-modal integration. By investigating the history of the senses in thinkers such as Plotinus, Auriol, Berkeley and Cavendish; and considering the history of the senses in diverse philosophical traditions, including Chinese, Indian, Byzantine, Greek and Latin it brings a fresh approach to studying the history of philosophy itself. Including a thorough introduction as well as introductions to each section by the editors, The Senses and the History of Philosophy is essential reading for students and researchers in the history of philosophy, perception, philosophy of mind, philosophical psychology, aesthetics and eastern and non-western philosophy. It will also be extremely useful for those in related disciplines such as psychology, religion, sociology, intellectual history and cognitive sciences. Brian GlenneyisAssistantProfessorinthePhilosophyProgramatNorwichUniversity,USA. JoséFilipeSilvaisAssociateProfessorofMedievalPhilosophyattheUniversityofHelsinki, Finland and the Director of the ERC project Rationality in Perception: Transformations of Mind and Cognition 1250–1550. REWRITING THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY Series editors: Aaron Garrett and Pauliina Remes The history of philosophy has undergone remarkable growth in the English language philo- sophicalworld.Inadditiontomoreandbetterqualitytranslationsofcanonicaltextstherehas been a parallel expansion in the study and research of sources, thinkers and subjects hitherto largely neglected in the discipline. These range from women philosophers and late ancient thinkers to new Western and non-Western sources alike. Simultaneously, there has been a methodological shift to far greater intradisciplinary and interdisciplinary perspectives in the history of philosophy, cutting across the humanities and social sciences. Rewriting the History of Philosophy is an exciting new series that reflects these important chan- ges in philosophy. Each volume presents a major, high quality scholarly assessment and interpretation of an important topic in the history of philosophy, from ancient times to the present day, by an outstanding team of international contributors. THE SENSES AND THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY Edited by Brian Glenney and José Filipe Silva For more information about this series, please visit: https://www.routledge.com/Routledge-Handbooks-in-Applied-Ethics/book-series/RWHP THE SENSES AND THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY Edited by Brian Glenney and José Filipe Silva Firstpublished2019 byRoutledge 2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RN andbyRoutledge 52VanderbiltAvenue,NewYork,NY10017 RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness ©2019selectionandeditorialmatter,BrianGlenneyandJoséFilipeSilva;individualchapters, thecontributors TherightofBrianGlenneyandJoséFilipeSilvatobeidentifiedastheauthorsoftheeditorial material,andoftheauthorsfortheirindividualchapters,hasbeenassertedinaccordancewith sections77and78oftheCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedorutilizedinany formorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,nowknownorhereafterinvented, includingphotocopyingandrecording,orinanyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem, withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublishers. Trademarknotice:Productorcorporatenamesmaybetrademarksorregisteredtrademarks,and areusedonlyforidentificationandexplanationwithoutintenttoinfringe. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Names:Glenney,Brian,editor. Title:Thesensesandthehistoryofphilosophy/editedbyBrianGlenneyandJosâeFilipeSilva. Description:1[edition].|NewYork:Routledge,2019.|Series:Rewritingthehistoryof philosophy|Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. Identifiers:LCCN2018047726|ISBN9781138738997(hardback:alk.paper)|ISBN 9781315184418(e-book) Subjects:LCSH:Sensesandsensation--History.|Philosophy--History. Classification:LCCBD214.S45652019|DDC128/.3--dc23 LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2018047726 ISBN:978-1-138-73899-7(hbk) ISBN:978-1-315-18441-8(ebk) TypesetinBembo byTaylor&FrancisBooks CONTENTS List of contributors viii Acknowledgments xi General introduction 1 Brian Glenney and José Filipe Silva PARTI Problems of perception from non-Western perspectives 15 Introduction to Part I 17 Brian Glenney and José Filipe Silva 1 Chinese theories of perception and the structural approach to comprehension 21 Jana S. Rošker 2 Perception and its disorders in early China 33 Susan Blake - 3 Perception in Nyaya 49 Stephen Phillips PARTII Problems of perception in ancient philosophy 63 Introduction to Part II 65 Brian Glenney and José Filipe Silva 4 Two puzzles in post-Aristotelian theories of vision 69 Katerina Ierodiakonou v Contents 5 Plotinus on perception 81 Anna Marmodoro PARTIII Problems of perception in medieval philosophy 97 Introduction to Part III 99 Brian Glenney and José Filipe Silva 6 Perceptual errors in late medieval philosophy 106 José Filipe Silva and Juhana Toivanen 7 What is in the mirror?: The metaphysics of mirror images in Albert the Great and Peter Auriol 131 Lukáš Liˇcka 8 Peter Auriol and Adam Wodeham on perception and judgment 149 H. T. Adriaenssen PARTIV Problems of perception in early modern philosophy 163 Introduction to Part IV 165 Brian Glenney and José Filipe Silva 9 Anton Wilhelm Amo and the problems of perception 169 Chris Meyns 10 Locke on Molyneux’s question and perceptual concepts of shape 185 Janet Levin 11 Berkeley’s account of extension and its place in vision science 203 Robert Schwartz 12 Berkeley versus Reid on the moon illusion 218 James Van Cleve 13 Informed by “sense and reason”: Margaret Cavendish’s theorizing about perception 231 Deborah Boyle vi Contents PARTV Problems of perception in the post-Kantian period 249 Introduction to Part V 251 Brian Glenney and José Filipe Silva 14 Husserl takes santonin: Abnormality, embodiment, and intersubjectivity 254 Michael Madary 15 Molyneux’s question: Out of touch with the “world of the blind” 267 Brian Glenney PARTVI Problems of perception in contemporary philosophy 285 Introduction to Part VI 287 Brian Glenney and José Filipe Silva 16 Visual categorization 292 Josefa Toribio 17 Perceiving surfaces (and what they depict) 308 Gabriele Ferretti 18 It’s not as bad as you think: Olfaction and informational richness 323 Clare Batty 19 Molyneux, neuroplasticity, and technologies of sensory substitution 340 Mark Paterson Index 353 vii CONTRIBUTORS H. T. Adriaenssen is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at the University of Groningen, the Netherlands. He has published on late medieval and early modern theories of perception and mental representation. His first book, Representation and Scepticism from Aquinas to Descartes, appeared in 2017. ClareBatty(Ph.D.MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology)isAssociateProfessorofPhilosophy attheUniversityofKentucky.Shespecializesinthephilosophyofolfactoryperceptionandhas published numerous papers on issues of olfactory object representation and the veridicality of olfactory experience. In addition to the philosophy of perception, her other areas of interest include topics in metaphysics, epistemology, and the history of philosophy. Susan Blake (Ph.D., Indiana University) is a visiting assistant professor of philosophy at Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson, New York. Her areas of research include episte- mology, philosophy of perception, Chinese philosophy, and philosophy of language. She has been the recipient of many grants and awards, including a Fulbright fellowship and a Taiwan Ministry of Education grant. She is currently working on two major projects, one regarding the ways in which learning to identify the objects of perception affects what we have reason to believe and one entitled Chinese Philosophy of Language: Standards and Reference. DeborahBoyle(Ph.D.UniversityofPittsburgh)isProfessorofPhilosophyattheCollegeof Charleston, South Carolina. She is the author of Descartes on Innate on Ideas (2009), The Well- Ordered Universe: The Philosophy of MargaretCavendish (2018),and Lady Mary Shepherd: Selected Writings (2018). Gabriele Ferretti (Ph.D., University of Antwerp; Ph.D., University of Urbino Carlo Bo) is a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Florence, Italy. His philosophical research, which is empirically informed by cognitive science, is mainly focused on those philosophical problems that arise from the study of vision. He is particularly interested in picture perception, in Molyneux’s puzzle, and in the relationships between the visual and the motoric. viii Listofcontributors Brian Glenney (Ph.D., University of Southern California) is Assistant Professor in the Phi- losophy Program at Norwich University, Northfield, Vermont. His work centers on sensory perception and early modern philosophy, with a recent interest in bridging philosophy of perception and disability studies. Katerina Ierodiakonou is Professor of Ancient Philosophy at the Universities of Athens in Greece and Geneva in Switzerland. She has published extensively on ancient and Byzantine philosophy, especially in the areas of epistemology and logic. She is currently working on a monograph about ancient theories of color as well as on an edition, translation and com- mentary of Theophrastus’ De sensibus. JanetLevinisProfessorofPhilosophyattheUniversityofSouthern California,LosAngeles. She works primarily in the philosophy of mind and epistemology and has published articles on phenomenal concepts, consciousness, philosophical method, representational theories of perception, and Molyneux’s question. Lukáš Licˇka (Ph.D., University of Ostrava) is a postdoctoral researcher at the Institute of Philosophy,AcademyofSciencesoftheCzechRepublic,Prague.Heisfocusedonhistoryof medievalLatin philosophy and science(thirteenth tofifteenthcentury),is currentlypreparing an edition of an anonymous optical treatise from early fourteenth-century Oxford and is working on disputations at Prague university around 1400. Michael Madary (Ph.D., Tulane University) is a visiting assistant professor of philosophy at Tulane University, New Orleans. He is the author of Visual Phenomenology (2016) as well as many articles in the philosophy of perception. Madary has also published on topics in the ethics of emerging technology. In 2016, he coauthored the first code of ethics for immersive technology, which has received international media attention. Anna Marmodoro holds the Chair of Metaphysics at Durham University and is con- comitantly an associate faculty member of the Philosophy Faculty at the University of Oxford. She specializes in ancient, late antiquity, and medieval philosophy on the one hand and contemporary metaphysics on the other. Her recent work includes two monographs titled Everything in Everything: Anaxagoras’ Metaphysics (2017) and Aristotle on Perceiving Objects (2014); she has also published in a number of edited volumes. Chris Meyns (Ph.D., University College London) is a lecturer in philosophy at Utrecht University. Their main work is in early modern philosophy and history of science, with a focus on questions about the mind and information. Mark Paterson is Assistant Professor in the Department of Sociology at the University of Pittsburgh. He is the author of The Senses of Touch: Haptics, Affects and Technologies (2007) and Seeing with the Hands: Blindness, Vision and Touch After Descartes (2016). His current book project is How We Became Sensorimotor. His research blog is www.sensory-motor.com. Stephen Phillips (Ph.D., Harvard University) is Professor of Philosophy and Asian Studies at the University of Texas at Austin, Texas and works on Sanskrit philosophic texts, parti- cularly ofthelong-running Nya-yaschool. AtranslationofthemammothJewelofReflectionon ix