The SAGE Handbook of Industrial Relations The SAGE Handbook of Industrial Relations Edited by Paul Blyton Nicolas Bacon Jack Fiorito and Edmund Heery Los Angeles (cid:129)London (cid:129)New Delhi (cid:129)Singapore IntroductionandEditorialArrangement©PaulBlyton, NicolasBacon,JackFioritoandEdmundHeery2008 Chapters1–34©SAGEPublicationsLtd2008 Firstpublished2008 Apartfromanyfairdealingforthepurposesofresearchor privatestudy,orcriticismorreview,aspermittedunderthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct,1988,thispublicationmay bereproduced,storedortransmittedinanyform,orbyany means,onlywiththepriorpermissioninwritingofthepublishers, orinthecaseofreprographicreproduction,inaccordancewiththe termsoflicencesissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency. Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethosetermsshouldbe senttothepublishers. SAGEPublicationsLtd 1Oliver’sYard 55CityRoad LondonEC1Y1SP SAGEPublicationsInc. 2455TellerRoad ThousandOaks,California91320 SAGEPublicationsIndiaPvtLtd B1/I1MohanCooperativeIndustrialArea MathuraRoad NewDelhi110044 SAGEPublicationsAsia-PacificPteLtd 33PekinStreet#02-01 FarEastSquare Singapore048763 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2007934979 BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationdata Acataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefrom theBritishLibrary ISBN978-1-4129-1154-2 TypesetbyCEPHAImagingPvt.Ltd.,Bangalore,India PrintedinIndiaatReplikaPressPvt.Ltd Printedonpaperfromsustainableresources Contents ListofFigures viii ListofTables ix NotesonContributors xi Preface xviii 1 Introduction:TheFieldofIndustrialRelations 1 EdmundHeery,NicolasBacon,PaulBlytonandJackFiorito PARTONE PERSPECTIVESANDAPPROACHES 33 2 TheHistoryofIndustrialRelationsasaFieldofStudy 35 CarolaM.Frege 3 IndustrialRelationsandtheSocialSciences 53 PeterAckersandAdrianWilkinson 4 SystemandChangeinIndustrialRelationsAnalysis 69 EdmundHeery 5 Values,Ideologies,andFramesofReferenceinIndustrialRelations 92 JohnW.BuddandDevasheeshBhave 6 TheInfluenceofProductMarketsonIndustrialRelations 113 WilliamBrown 7 VarietiesofCapitalismandIndustrialRelations 129 KerstinHamannandJohnKelly 8 NewFormsofWorkandtheHighPerformanceParadigm 149 StephenProcter 9 ChangingTraditionsinIndustrialRelationsResearch 170 GeorgeStraussandKeithWhitfield vi CONTENTS PARTTWO THEACTORSININDUSTRIALRELATIONS 187 10 TradeUnionMorphology 189 JackFioritoandPaulJarley 11 TradeUnionStrategy 209 PeterBoxall 12 EmployerOrganizations 225 FranzTraxler 13 ManagementStrategyandIndustrialRelations 241 NicolasBacon 14 TheStateinIndustrialRelations 258 RichardHyman 15 TheLegalFrameworkofEmploymentRelations 284 SimonDeakinandWanjiruNjoya 16 TheStateasEmployer 305 MarickF.Masters,RayGibney,IrynaShevchuk,andTomZagenczyk 17 InternationalActorsandInternationalRegulation 325 RebeccaGumbrell-McCormick 18 WorksCouncils 346 JeanJenkinsandPaulBlyton 19 TheEvolutionofStakeholderRegimes:BeyondNeo-Corporatism 358 CharlesHeckscher PARTTHREE INDUSTRIALRELATIONSPROCESSES 375 20 UnionFormation 377 JohnGodard 21 TheChangingStructureofCollectiveBargaining 406 RobertJ.Flanagan 22 TheHighPerformanceWorkSystemsLiteratureinIndustrialRelations 420 AnnC.Frost 23 EmployeeInvolvementandDirectParticipation 434 RussellD.LansburyandNickWailes 24 ResolvingConflict 447 DavidLewin CONTENTS vii PARTFOUR INDUSTRIALRELATIONSOUTCOMES 469 25 ContingentWorkArrangements 471 DanielG.Gallagher 26 TheTheoryandPracticeofPaySetting 491 AlexBrysonandJohnForth 27 WorkingTimeandWork-LifeBalance 513 PaulBlyton 28 WorkerWell-Being 529 DavidGuest 29 IndustrialRelationsClimate 548 AliDastmalchian 30 EqualityatWork 572 BarbaraPocock 31 ConflictatWork 588 GregorGallandRobertHebdon 32 SkillFormation 606 IrenaGrugulis 33 IndustrialRelationsandBusinessPerformance 623 JohnT.Delaney 34 LaborMarketInstitutionsAroundtheWorld 640 RichardB.Freeman Index 659 List of Figures 5.1 Definingideologyandframeofreference 93 11.1 Thecontextoftradeunionstrategy 211 11.2 Phasesofindustryevolution 213 11.3 Fourpatternsoftradeunionstrategicchoiceinneo-liberalenvironments 216 11.4 Willman’s‘UnionPortfolio’ 217 16.1 IRsystemsframeworkofthestateasemployer 306 29.1 Theindustrialrelationsclimatemodelandsummaryofrelevantfactors 554 29.2 Simplifiedmodeloforganizationalperformance 561 31.1 US–strikedaysper1,000workers,1948–2006 599 31.2 Canada–strikeincidenceandduration,1946–2005 599 List of Tables 1.1 Levelsofindustrialrelationsanalysis 7 4.1 Modelsofchangeunderpinningtheoriesofunionrevitalization 79 5.1 Fourtheoriesoftheemploymentrelationship 102 7.1 Uniondensity(%)anddensitychangein20OECDcountries1980–2000 138 7.2 Bargainingcoordinationindexandrankingsin15OECDcountries1973–77 and1993–97 138 7.3 Collectivebargainingcoverage(%)in20OECDcountries1980–2000 139 7.4 Employmentprotectionlegislationin19OECDcountries,late1980s–2003 140 7.5 Grossearningsinequality(90:10ratios)forfulltimeemployeesin19OECD countries1980–1984to1995–1999 140 7.6 IndustrialconflictinselectedOECDcountries1985–2003(dayslost per1000workers) 141 7.7 Standardizedunemploymentrates(%)inselectedOECDcountries1985–2003 142 8.1 ClassificationdeviceforstudieslinkingHRpracticeandorganizational performance 154 9.1 NatureofpaperspublishedinmainIRjournals 180 9.2 Typeofdataandmethodsofanalysisused 181 9.3 Industrialrelationsresearchmethods 182 12.1 Thelargestemployerpeakorganization:Basicdata(1994–96) 228 12.2 Thesystemofemployerorganization(1991–98) 234 13.1 Managementstyleindustrialrelationstypologies 244 13.2 Employmentrelationschoices 246 16.1 Dimensionsofgovernance 308 16.2 Generalgovernmentfinalconsumptionexpenditure(percentofGDP) 311 16.3 CoregovernmentfunctionsofselectedOECDmembercountries 312 16.4 Publicemployment 313 16.5 Countrybreakdownofamountsraisedbyprivatization(Billionsof$US) 314 16.6 Privatizationinitiativesinselectedcountries 315 16.7 Uniondensity,privateandpublicsector(percentofunionizedworkers) 317 16.8 Characteristicsofcareer-based,department-based,andposition-basedcivil systems 318 20.1 Majorstudiesanddatasetsemployedinvotingpropensityanalyses 378 21.1 BargainingstructuresinOECDcountries,1970–2000 414 21.2 BargainingcoordinationinOECDcountries,1970–2000 414 26.1 GrosshourlyearningsintheUK,Autumn2005 493 28.1 Perspectivesontheoutcomesofcontemporaryemploymentrelations 532 29.1 Asummaryofthesixlongitudinalcasestudies 559 33.1 Summaryofmeta–analysesofunioneffects 627