The RouTledge handbook of fRanz bRenTano and The bRenTano School Both through his own work and that of his students, Franz Clemens Brentano ( 1838–1917) had an often underappreciated influence on the course of twentieth- and twenty-first-century philosophy. The Routledge Handbook of Franz Brentano and the Brentano School offers full coverage of Brentano’s philos- ophy and his influence. It contains 38 brand-new essays from an international team of experts that offer a comprehensive view of Brentano’s central research areas—philosophy of mind, metaphysics, and value theory—as well as of the principal figures shaped by Brentano’s school of thought. A general introduc- tion serves as an overview of Brentano and the contents of the volume, and three separate bibliographies point students and researchers on to further avenues of inquiry. Systematic and detailed, this volume provides readers with a valuable reference to Brentano’s work and to his lasting importance. “A well-conceived and timely introduction to the work of an influential but much under-appreciated philosopher whose writings repay study and deserve a much wider audience. For anyone curious about Brentano and the significance of his philosophical contributions, this is the place to start.” —John Heil, Washington University in St. Louis “This Handbook is among the most significant contributions to the history of contemporary philosophy of the last decades. It offers the first comprehensive survey of Brentanian contributions to early analyti- cal philosophy and philosophical psychology, documenting the sophistication, breadth and historical significance of their theories. Through conscientious editorial choices, Uriah Kriegel aptly shows that the issues that were central to Brentano and his students go far beyond intentionality and continue to drive philosophical research. As such, the Handbook affords a superb occasion to re-examine the philo- sophical canon. It is an indispensable resource for teachers and researchers, and one that does not come one day too soon.” —Sandra Lapointe, McMaster University “This collection by the foremost Brentano scholars of today is far from a mere summary of standard views. It brings new light into all corners of Brentano’s philosophy. It illuminates his profound influence on generations of his brilliant students and grandstudents. Above all, it incorporates the latest thinking and textual evidence to provide a wealth of new insights into the many facets of this fascinating, chal- lenging and many-sided philosopher.” —Peter Simons, Trinity College Dublin Uriah Kriegel is a Research Director at the Jean Nicod Institute in Paris. He has published more than 80 research articles, including many on Brentano. His monographs include Subjective Consciousness: A Self-Representational Theory (2009), The Sources of Intentionality (2011), The Varieties of Consciousness (2015), and Mind and Reality in Brentano’s Philosophical System (2017). RouTledge handbookS in PhiloSoPhy Routledge Handbooks in Philosophy are state-of-the-art surveys of emerging, newly refreshed, and im- portant fields in philosophy, providing accessible yet thorough assessments of key problems, themes, thinkers, and recent developments in research. All chapters for each volume are specially commissioned, and written by leading scholars in the field. Carefully edited and organized, Routledge Handbooks in Philosophy provide indispensable refer- ence tools for students and researchers seeking a comprehensive overview of new and exciting topics in philosophy. They are also valuable teaching resources as accompaniments to textbooks, anthologies, and research-orientated publications. Recently published: The Routledge Handbook of Embodied Cognition Edited by Lawrence Shapiro The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Well-Being Edited by Guy Fletcher The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Imagination Edited by Amy Kind The Routledge Handbook of the Stoic Tradition Edited by John Sellars The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Information Edited by Luciano Floridi The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy of Biodiversity Edited by Justin Garson, Anya Plutynski, and Sahotra Sarkar The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of the Social Mind Edited by Julian Kiverstein The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Empathy Edited by Heidi Maibom The Routledge Handbook of Epistemic Contextualism Edited by Jonathan Jenkins Ichikawa The Routledge Handbook of Epistemic Injustice Edited by Ian James Kidd, José Medina and Gaile Pohlhaus The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Pain Edited by Jennifer Corns The Routledge Handbook of Brentano and the Brentano School Edited by Uriah Kriegel The Routledge Handbook of Metaethics Edited by Tristram McPherson and David Plunkett The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Memory Edited by Sven Bernecker and Kourken Michaelian The Routledge Handbook of Evolution and Philosophy Edited by Richard Joyce The Routledge Handbook of Mechanisms and Mechanical Philosophy Edited by Stuart Glennan and Phyllis Illari The RouTledge handbook of fRanz bRenTano and The bRenTano School Edited by Uriah Kriegel First published 2017 by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 1001 and by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business © 2017 Taylor & Francis The right of Uriah Kriegel to be identified as the author of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data Names: Kriegel, Uriah, editor. Title: The Routledge handbook of Franz Brentano and the Brentano school / ed. Uriah Kriegel. Description: New York : Routledge, 2017. | Series: Routledge handbooks in philosophy | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2016040045 | ISBN 9781138023444 (hardback) Subjects: LCSH: Brentano, Franz, 1838-1917. | Brentano, Franz, 1838-1917–Influence. | Philosophy, Austrian–19th century. | Philosophy, Austrian–20th century. Classification: LCC B3212.Z7 .R68 2017 | DDC 193–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016040045 ISBN: 978-1-138-02344-4 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-77646-0 (ebk) Typeset in Minion Pro and Frutiger by Deanta Global Publishing Services, Chennai, India contents Introduction 1 Uriah Kriegel Part I: Brentano’s PhIlosoPhy 1. Franz Brentano: Life and Work 15 Thomas Binder 2. Brentano’s Philosophical Program 21 Uriah Kriegel �.�: mInD 3. Brentano’s Project of Descriptive Psychology 35 Denis Seron 4. Brentano on Intentionality 41 Tim Crane 5. Brentano on Consciousness 49 Mark Textor 6. Brentano on the Unity of Consciousness 61 Barry Dainton 7. Brentano on Time-Consciousness 75 Guillaume Fréchette 8. Brentano on Sensations and Sensory  Qualities 87 Olivier Massin vi conTenTS 9. Brentano’s Classification of Mental Phenomena 97 Uriah Kriegel 10. Brentano on Judgment 103 Uriah Kriegel 11. Brentano on Emotion and the Will 110 Michelle Montague 12. Brentano on Self-Knowledge 124 Gianfranco Soldati �.�: metaPhysIcs 13. Brentano’s Reism 133 Werner Sauer 14. Brentano on the Soul 144 Susan Krantz Gabriel 15. Brentano on Time and Space 150 Wojciech Żełaniec 16. Brentano on Properties and Relations 156 Hamid Taieb 17. Brentano on Truth 163 Johannes L. Brandl 18. Brentano on Appearance and Reality 169 Denis Seron 19. Brentano on Negation and Nonexistence 178 Alessandro Salice �.�: Value 20. Brentano’s Metaethics 187 Jonas Olson 21. Brentano’s Normative Ethics 196 Lynn Pasquerella 22. Brentano on Beauty and Aesthetics 202 Wolfgang Huemer 23. Brentano on Genius and Fantasy 210 Ion Tănăsescu 24. Brentano’s Philosophy of Religion 216 Richard Schaefer conTenTS vii Part II: the Brentano school 25. The Rise of the Brentano School 225 Arnaud Dewalque 26. The Unity of the Brentano School 236 Arnaud Dewalque �.�: Brentano’s stuDents 27. Marty and Brentano 251 Laurent Cesalli and Kevin Mulligan 28. Stumpf and Brentano 264 Denis Fisette 29. Meinong and Brentano 272 Johann Christian Marek 30. Ehrenfels and Brentano 283 Maria E. Reicher 31. Husserl and Brentano 293 Dermot Moran 32 Twardowski and Brentano 305 Arianna Betti �.�: stuDents’ stuDents anD Further InFluences 33. The Prague School 313 Hynek Janoušek and Robin Rollinger 34. Bergman and Brentano 323 Guillaume Fréchette 35. Brentano and the Lvov-Warsaw School 334 Arianna Betti 36. The Innsbruck School 341 Wilhelm Baumgartner 37. Brentano, Stout and Moore 349 Maria van der Schaar 38. Chisholm and Brentano 358 Dale Jacquette Notes on Contributors 365 Brentano Bibliography 368 Brentano Bibliography—Archival Material 371 References 372 Index 395 This page intentionally left blank Introduction Uriah Kriegel In analytic philosophy, Franz Brentano is known almost exclusively for reintroducing the notion of intentionality into modern philosophy. In continental philosophy, he is known mostly for being Husserl’s teacher. In truth, however, Brentano was a highly sophisticated thinker with contributions across all areas of philosophy. As this book attempts to show, Brentano’s thought is historically rich and yet bears striking relevance to many current- day debates—and the ambit of his influence, sometimes overt but often subterranean, is striking. His style of discussion and argumentation are thoroughly analytic, and his overarching project is fundamentally phenomenological; as such, he stands at the root of both major twentieth-century philosophical movements. The book comprises five sections divided into two parts—a long first part about Brentano himself and a shorter second one about his “school.” The first part has three sections, dedicated to Brentano’s philosophy of mind (Chapters 3–12), his metaphysics (Chapters 13–19), and his value theory (Chapters 20–24). The book’s second part has two sections, dedicated to Brentano’s most prominent immediate students (Chapters 27–32) and to his further influences (Chapters 33–38). Each part also includes two introduc- tory chapters, one historically accentuated (Chapters 1, 25) and one more systematic (Chapters 2, 26). Below, I describe the central thrust of each of the book’s 38 chapters. � bRenTano’S PhiloSoPhy The book opens with a historical introduction to Brentano’s life and work by Thomas Binder (Chapter 1). It is well known within the circles of Brentano scholarship that Brentano was an ordained priest who left the priesthood in the early 1870s over the intro- duction of the dogma of papal infallibility. But as Binder describes it, Brentano’s life was in fact a lengthy process of ever-growing estrangement from Catholicism and indeed from religious faith as such, both pressed on him from an early age by his deeply pious 1