W The Role of Brief Therapy in Attachment Disorders provides a comprehensive summary of the range of approaches that exist within the brief therapy world, including Cognitive Analytic a k Therapy, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing, e Ericksonian Therapy, Neurolinguistic Psychotherapy, Provocative Therapy, Rational Emotive THE ROLE OF BRIEF Behaviour Therapy, and Self Relations Therapy. Historically, many of the founders of these therapies commenced their psychotherapy careers as psychodynamic or systemic therapists, and switched their allegiance to briefer therapies, viewing these as more respectful and THERAPY IN offering greater potential for assisting the client to change through an outcome oriented approach. ATTACHMENT DISORDERS Most of these brief therapies operate from a principle of reframing the subjective reality of the client and providing a focus on the future as an effective way of engendering change. The therapies are discussed in the light of emerging theories of neuroscience and direct links are T made to attachment disorder and the underpinning theory of object relations. A series of case H studies bring these theoretical concepts into life and challenges the notion that attachment E A disorders can only be addressed through a prolonged psychodynamic relationship with TR the client. The book considers the potential for neurological repair, growth and ongoing TO development of the individual through the work of Schore, Gerhardt and Hart amongst others. A L This opportunity for repair is then linked to the latest theories on attachment disorders, and the CE role of the therapist in creating the optimum environment for change is considered. H O M F E Lisa Wake is a highly experienced and well respected psychotherapist, trainer, coach, NB facilitator and change management consultant. She has an MSc in Advanced Clinical Practice TR focusing on the applied psychology of NLP. As former Chair and Vice Chair of the United I Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP), Lisa has long been a proponent of the effectiveness DE of brief therapy and has actively campaigned for rigour of standards, ethics and research in IF S psychotherapy. OT H R E D R E A R P S Y The United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP) promotes the art and I science of psychotherapy and psychotherapeutic counselling for the public N benefit. It is a membership organisation and holds a national register of Lisa Wake psychotherapists and psychotherapeutic counsellors, listing those practitioner members who meet exacting standards and training requirements. It has training and accrediting organisational members covering all the main traditions of psychotherapy. UKCP promotes research and high standards of education, training with contributions and Foreword by Betty Alice Erickson and practice, as well as the wider provision of psychotherapy and psychotherapeutic counselling for all sections of the public. KARNAC BOOKS 118 FINCHLEY ROAD LONDON NW3 5HT Combining Excellence in www.karnacbooks.com Psychotherapy and Counselling Please insert: Isbn 978 1 85575 697 7 CHAPTERTITLE I THE ROLE OF BRIEF THERAPY IN ATTACHMENT DISORDERS Other titles in the UKCP Series: What is Psychotherapeutic Research? Del Loewenthal Diversity, Discipline and Devotion in Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy: Clinical and Training Perspectives Gertrud Mander Shakespeare on the Couch Michael Jacobs Dialogue and Desire: Mikhail Bakhtin and the Linguistic Turn in Psychotherapy Rachel Pollard Our Desire of Unrest: Thinking About Therapy Michael Jacobs Not Just Talking: Conversational Analysis, Harvey Sacks' Gift to Therapy Jean Pain The Muse as Therapist: A New Paradigm for Psychotherapy Heward Wilkinson The Emergent Self: An Existential–Gestalt Approach Peter Philippson Psychosis in the Family: The Journey of a Psychotherapist and Mother Janet C. Love Hidden Twins: What Adult Opposite Sex Twins Have To Teach Us Olivia Lousada Child-Centred Attachment Therapy: the CcAT Programme Alexandra Maeja Raicar The 3-Point Therapist Hilary A. Davies The Use of Psychoanalytic Concepts in Therapy with Families: For All Professionals Working with Families Hilary Davies Love: Bondage or Li beration: A Psychological Exploration of the Meaning, Values, and Dangers of Falling in Love Deirdre Johnson THE ROLE OF BRIEF THERAPY IN ATTACHMENT DISORDERS Lisa Wake On behalf of the United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy with contributions and Foreword by Betty Alice Erickson First published in 2010 by Karnac Books Ltd 118 Finchley Road, London NW3 5HT Copyright © 2010 Lisa Wake The right of Lisa Wake to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with §§ 77 and 78 of the Copyright Design and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A C.I.P. for this book is available from the British Library ISBN: 978 1 85575 697 7 Edited, designed and produced by The Studio Publishing Services Ltd www.publishingservicesuk.co.uk e-mail: [email protected] Printed in Great Britain www.karnacbooks.com CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vii ABOUT THE AUTHOR ix FOREWORD xiii CHAPTER ONE The purpose of the book 1 CHAPTER TWO The inner world of the client through the brief 29 therapies CHAPTER THREE Attachment theory and recent developments in 71 neuroscience CHAPTER FOUR Creating potential for repair and growth in the brief 87 therapies With contributions from Betty Alice Erickson v vi CONTENTS CHAPTER FIVE Outcome orientation as a model of psychotherapy 113 CHAPTER SIX The therapist’s role in brief therapy 139 CHAPTER SEVEN Conclusions 161 REFERENCES 171 INDEX 189 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am grateful to my clients, students, teachers and peers for their feedback and contributions to this work. All client case material is anonymous to maintain the confidentiality of their work and is printed with full permission of the client. Specific acknowledgements are paid to: Betty Alice Erickson, whose contribution, feedback, and Fore- word has enabled me to make a greater connection to the work of her father, Milton Erickson. Erickson has long been of influence in my work and it ha s been an honour to work so closely with Betty Alice as my thinking has developed. Steve Gilligan, for his willingness to critique my understanding of his work and permission to include this. The Association for Cognitive and Analytic Therapy: colleagues who have responded in a timely manner to my requests for in- formation and who have been very open in enabling me to include elements of research from a therapy that I have little knowledge of. Their holistic approach to their work with clients with a his- tory of borderline processes can only bring a much-needed dimen- sion to the role of the therapeutic relationship within complex processes. vii viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Nick Kemp and his “non-provocative” critique of my under- standing of Frank Farrelly’s work in provocative therapy. Harvey Ratner at BRIEF for his enduring persistence in ensur- ing that I fully represented solution focused brief therapy in an appropriate and respectful way. Also to Mike Roarty, who helped me put aside my own model and prejudices and begin to gain greater understanding of SFBT. Therapists Franca Mongiardi, Mark Wake, and Ann Hunter for painstakingly critiquing and editing my work as it progressed. Pippa Weitz at Karnac for holding the space while I moved through my own process of doubt. Finally, and most importantly, to my clients, who have taken a significant step in their own lives and who have honestly and earnestly considered the inclusion of their work and process in this book. I have learnt much from working with each of you. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Lisa is a highly experienced and well respected psychotherapist, trainer, coach, facilitator, and change management consultant. After starting her career in National Health Service (NHS) clini- cal practice as a nurse, Lisa moved into NHS management in 1992, where she was employed as a senior manager until she left to com- mence her own shared business in 1997. Using neurolinguistic pro- gramming (NLP) as a launch pad, Lisa has developed extensive experience as a coach, facilitator, change agent, trainer, supervisor, and mentor. Now a Master Trainer of NLP, Lisa is accredited by the UK Council for Psychotherapy as a neurolinguistic psychothera- pist. She has a BSc (Hons) in Professional Studies in Health Care and a MSc in Advanced Clinical Practice, and has undertaken a range of further career-associated trainings. As a psychotherapist, Lisa has served as both Chair and Vice Chair of the UKCP, working closely with the government on the statutory regulation of psychology, psychotherapy, and counselling, and has long been a proponent of the effectiveness of brief therapy. She has actively campaigned for rigour of standards, ethics, and research in psychotherapy, and has contributed to the neurolin- guistic psychotherapy field with the publication of her ground- ix