RT THE REPUBLIC OF icH h aE THE USHAKOVKA r d R M E CP o Admiral Kolchak and the Allied Intervention nU nB in Siberia 1918–1920 a uL g hI C t o Richard M Connaughton n O F T H E U S H A K O V K A ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS: THE RUSSIAN CIVIL WAR ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS: THE RUSSIAN CIVIL WAR Volume 1 THE REPUBLIC OF THE USHAKOVKA THE REPUBLIC OF THE USHAKOVKA Admiral Kolchak and the Allied Intervention in – Siberia 1918 1920 RICHARD M CONNAUGHTON Firstpublishedinin1990byRoutledge Thiseditionfirstpublishedin2017 byRoutledge 2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RN andbyRoutledge 711ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10017 RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness ©1990,2016RichardConnaughton Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedorutilised inanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,nowknownor hereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orinanyinformation storageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublishers. Trademarknotice:Productorcorporatenamesmaybetrademarksorregistered trademarks,andareusedonlyforidentificationandexplanationwithoutintentto infringe. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ISBN:978-1-138-28327-5(Set) ISBN:978-1-315-20785-8(Set)(ebk) ISBN:978-1-138-63130-4(Volume1)(hbk) ISBN:978-1-315-20894-7(Volume1)(ebk) Publisher’sNote Thepublisherhasgonetogreatlengthstoensurethequalityofthisreprintbut pointsoutthatsomeimperfectionsintheoriginalcopiesmaybeapparent. Disclaimer Thepublisherhasmadeeveryefforttotracecopyrightholdersandwouldwelcome correspondencefromthosetheyhavebeenunabletotrace. THE REPUBLIC OF THE USHAKOVKA Admiral Kolchak and the Allied Intervention in Siberia 1918–20 R.M. Connaughton First published 1990 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 © 1990 R.M. Connaughton Typeset in 10/12 Palatino by Megaron, Cardiff, Wales Printed in Great Britain by Richard Clay Ltd, Bungay, Suffolk All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Connaughton, Richard The Republic of the Ushakovka: Admiral Kolchak and the allied intervention in Siberia, 1918–20. 1. Russia, (RSFSR). Siberia, Political events. Role of Kolchak, Aleksandr Vasilevich, 1873–1920 I. Title 957´.0841´0924 ISBN 0–415–05198–3 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Connaughton, R. M. (Richard Michael), 1942– The republic of the Ushakovka: Admiral Kolchak and the allied intervention in Siberia, 1918–20/Richard Connaughton. p. cm. “The second book in a regional trilogy”–Pref. Continues: The war of the rising sun and tumbling bear. Includes bibliographical references. 1. Soviet Union–History–Allied intervention, 1918–1920. 2. Kolchak, Aleksandr Vasiliyevich, 1873–1920. 3. Siberia (R.S.F.S.R.)–History–Revolution, 1917–1921. I. Title. DK265.4.C66 1990 89-70246 947.084´1–dc20 CIP For Rosemary Best CONTENTS Illustrations Preface viii 1 In the beginning 1 2 Prelude and disaster 14 3 The Palestinians of Europe 29 4 The gathering storm 42 5 Eggs loaded with dynamite 59 6 Towards the peak 75 7 Coup 89 8 Quo vadis? 102 9 The isle of dogs 118 10 Death wish 131 11 Abandoned 145 12 The Republic of the Ushakovka 158 Epilogue 171 Appendix 177 Notes 181 Bibliography 183 Index 185