full preparation: the pfizer guide to careers in pharmacy A M U S T - H A V E G U I D E T H A T P R O F I L E S T H E L I F E A N D W O R K O F P H A R M A C I S T S I N T H E F I E L D P F I Z E R I N C . 2 3 5 E A S T 4 2 N D S T R E E T N E W Y O R K , N Y 1 0 0 1 7 - 5 7 5 5 XX483X00B pharmacists full preparation: the pfizer guide to careers in pharmacy full preparation: the pfizer guide to careers in pharmacy A M U S T - H A V E G U I D E T H A T P R O F I L E S T H E L I F E A N D W O R K O F P H A R M A C I S T S I N T H E F I E L D Book Editor: Salvatore J. Giorgianni, PharmD Director/Team Leader, External Relations Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Group, Pfizer Inc. The Pfizer Career Guide Series Editor: Salvatore J. Giorgianni, PharmD Director/Team Leader, External Relations Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Group, Pfizer Inc. Full Preparation: The Pfizer Guide to Careers in Pharmacy Assistant Editor: Marlene Lipson Other Pfizer Career Guide Publications: Opportunities to Care: The Pfizer Guide to Careers in Nursing Embracing Your Practice: The Pfizer Guide to Careers for Physicians Advancing Healthy Populations: The Pfizer Guide to Careers in Public Health Full Preparation: The Pfizer Guide to Careers in Pharmacy is published by Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Group, Pfizer Inc. New York, NY copyright ©2002. All rights reserved. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views of Pfizer Inc. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without prior written permission from the publisher. Correspondence should be addressed to Full Preparation: The Pfizer Guide to Careers in Pharmacy, c/o Director, External Relations, Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Group, Pfizer Inc., 235 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 10017-5755 or table of contents Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 A Letter from Pfizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 The Future of Pharmacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 J. Lyle Bootman PhD, Dean, College of Pharmacy, Professor of Pharmacy, Medicine and Public Health, Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona Getting Started Building your CV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Brian L. Erstad, PharmD, Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona Words of Wisdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Richard Penna, PharmD, Executive Vice President, American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Professional Overview The Role of the Pharmacist as Part of the Healthcare Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Holly Whitcomb Henry, RPh, BCPS, President, Medicine Ladies, Inc., Regional Director, Carepoint Pharmaceutical Care Consultants, Clinical Associate Professor, University of Washington School of Pharmacy Ethics, Regulations and Standards of Pharmacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Carmen A. Catizone, MS, RPh, Executive Director of the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP), Secretary of the Association’s Executive Committee Practice Areas in Pharmacy Academic Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Chain Drug Store Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Community Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Compounding Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Critical Care Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Drug Information Specialist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Home Care Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Hospice Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Hospital Staff Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Industry-Based Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Infectious Disease Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Long-term Care Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Managed Care Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Military Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 the pfizer guide to careers in pharmacy iii table of contents Practice Areas in Pharmacy, continued Nuclear Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Nutrition Support Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Oncology Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Operating Room Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Pediatric Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 The Pharmacist in a Grocery Chain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Pharmacists in Non-traditional Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Pharmacy Benefit Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Poison Control Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Primary Care Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Psychiatric Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Public Health Service Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Regulatory Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Veterinary Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 The Pharmacist in Management Pharmacists in Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Henri R. Manasse, Jr., PhD, ScD, RPh, Executive Vice President and Chief Executive Officer, American Society of Health System Pharmacists Professional, Civic and Political Leadership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Bill K. Brewster, CEO and Chairman of FH/GPC Consultants and Lobbyists Challenges Through Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 Elizabeth K. Keyes, RPh, Group Director Strategic Alliances and Industry Relations, American Pharmaceutical Association Organizations and Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 iv the pfizer guide to careers in pharmacy acknowledgements pecial appreciation goes to all of the many pharmacists who were willing to put time aside to talk about their daily experiences in Spractice and the time and skill required to get them where they are today. Through their everyday work and accomplishment, they are just some of the many pharmacists currently paving the way for all those entering the profession. Daniel Albrant, PharmD Judith B. Sommers Hanson, PharmD Sara Grimsley Augustin, PharmD, Holly Whitcomb Henry RPh, BCPS BCPP Renee Jarnigan, RPh Amy Barron, RPh Vivian Bradley Johnson, PharmD, Jeffrey Binkley, PharmD, BCNSP MBA, FASHP J. Chris Bradberry, PharmD Paul Jungnickel, PhD, RPh James R. Bresette, PharmD Commander Brian Kerr, RPh, Bill K. Brewster MS, MBA Thomas R. Caraccio, PharmD Elizabeth K. Keyes, RPh Carmen Catizone, MS, RPh Alicia Kniska, BS, PharmD, BCOP Laura Cranston, RPh Robert Kuhn, PharmD John P. Curran, PhD Henri R. Manasse, Jr., PhD, ScD, RPh Diane Darvey, PharmD, JD Michael Manolakis, PharmD, PhD Michelle Diamond-Sirota, RPh Pat McGowen, BS, RPh, CDE Andrew Donnelly, PharmD, MBA Mary Meyer, PharmD Brian L. Erstad, PharmD Don Michalski, RPh, MS Kate Farthing, PharmD Walter Miller, PharmD, BCNP Salvatore J. Giorgianni, PharmD Tricia New, PharmD, FCSHP William C. Gong, PharmD, Jack Nicolais, RPh, MS FASHP, FCSHP Robert C. Owens Jr., PharmD the pfizer guide to careers in pharmacy 1 Richard Penna, PharmD Elisabeth J. Ross, MA Denise H. Rhoney, PharmD Steven Vollmer, RPh Edward D. Rickert RPh, JD Alice Angelica Wen, PharmD Edith A. Rosato, RPh Susan C. Winckler, RPh, JD Finally, and most important, the expertise, guidance and everyday support from J. Lyle Bootman, PhD, Dean, College of Pharmacy, Professor of Pharmacy, Medicine and Public Health, Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona was instrumental in the development of this book. Thank you. 2 the pfizer guide to careers in pharmacy a letter from pfizer ear Pharmacy Student: DCongratulations on your choice of profession. A vast and rewarding array of opportunities within the ever-evolving field of pharmacy awaits you. By Salvatore J. As you read through the pages of this guide, you will become familiar Giorgianni, with a host of pharmacists who share their stories of challenges, success and PharmD professional fulfillment in their everyday practice experience. You’ll gain Director – information on the multitude of organizations and associations that support External the profession, whether to advocate, educate or simply provide a forum for Relations, networking. When you are finished, hopefully you will be armed with the Pfizer information you need to evaluate the many paths before you and empowered Pharmaceutical to shape your future. We encourage you to use the resources provided in Group and this guide to obtain additional information in any of the areas that might Pfizer Career have peaked your interest. Guide Series Editor As a leading global research-based healthcare company, Pfizer is pleased to be a resource to which you can turn for information. Tomorrow’s pharmacist faces many more choices than ever before, and the careers summarized in this book simply illustrate the promise before you. We at Pfizer will be with you every step of the way in your professional career. We wish you much success on the road ahead. Sincerely, Salvatore J. Giorgianni, PharmD the pfizer guide to careers in pharmacy 3 the future of pharmacy e are living in the most exciting period in the history of pharmaceuti- Wcals, as new options lead to new opportunities for those of us in the field and those about to join us. Pharmacists are at a zenith in our ability to By J. Lyle manage, cure and prevent disease. Demographics in this country practically Bootman PhD, ensure a bright future for those entering the Dean, College profession. We’re witnessing a double of Pharmacy, dynamic in our population: growth in the Professor of number of births and an extended lifespan Pharmacy, for men and women. Medicine and The record number of baby-boomers gradu- Public Health, ating into Social Security pensioners has set Arizona Health the stage for an increased use of drugs. Sciences Center, When Medicare kicks in for the largest University of group of elderly ever seen, there will be a Arizona pronounced increase in pharmaceutical usage. It is estimated that the number of Americans over 65, now 38 million, will mushroom to 80 million in the next decade. Add to the mix the continuing discovery of new drugs and it’s easy to understand why, over the next few years, the number of prescriptions dis- pensed is expected to more than double. Somewhat new on the horizon is the idea that pharmacists can operate, by choice, in both a macro- and microcosm. Pharmacists are responsible not only for the management of medications in a macroscopic sense, that is, globally, but in a microscopic sense as well. Interacting one-on-one with their patients will minimize risks of drug-related problems and maximize thera- peutic benefits. We teach patients how to read labels, store their medicines, and safely dispose of expired, unused drugs. We also serve to recognize and prevent adverse medication reactions. Not long ago, people filled prescriptions content to comply with their physician’s instructions. No one ever questioned what they were taking. In fact, few people outside the healthcare field really knew much about which new drugs were available, or which worked best and why. Today, one need only turn on the television or pick up a magazine to learn about the explo- sion of new prescription drugs. People absorbing this information are 4 the pfizer guide > the future of pharmacy becoming more educated and informed consumers. It also appears that an increasing number of consumers are intent on participating in their own healthcare, and when they do, they tend to turn to their neighborhood pharmacist for assistance. Recent studies show consumers interact with their pharmacist 12 to 15 times a year compared to three or four times a year with their physicians. Often when minor symptoms erupt, the first place a patient heads is to the pharmacy, essentially throwing the pharmacist into the triage role. As the demand for pharmacists grows, their need for in-depth knowledge of emerging medications grows. The first complete map of the human genome, released in the year 2000, dramatically increased the number of potential targets for therapeutic drugs. This brilliant development led to unlimited opportunities for drug discovery. Research and design is an exciting sub- specialty for pharmacists as hundreds of new medications are expected to arrive on the market each year. Currently, 316 drugs are in clinical trials for cancer alone, with thousands more expected to be in the pipeline. And thanks to pharmacogenomics — the study of how genetic variations account for differences in the way individuals respond to different drugs — therapies are likely to be more effective. In the past, people suffering from diseases had few options to cure or soothe their health problems. Soon, many patients will see a bright light on the horizon. While pharmacy researchers uncover these drugs, it is the practicing pharmacist who will communicate with patients about proper usage. As it now stands, almost all drugs come with a package insert of information regarding use, appropriate dosages, side effects and which drug combina- tions to avoid. People have come to expect this information and turn to their pharmacist with any questions before taking medication. As proof of the public’s confidence in their pharmacists, the profession is continually ranked by the Gallup Poll as the most trustworthy profession. Holding such a respected place in the healthcare system is a point of pride among pharmacists, earned through their dedication to ending pain and suffering. Pharmacists serve in all areas of healthcare from community pharmacies to cutting-edge research, applying their unique knowledge of the power and potential of medications. the pfizer guide > the future of pharmacy 5