The Ninety-Nine names of Allaah ىلاعتو هناحبس Taken from the lessons of Kitaab at-Tawheed of Shaykh Muhammad bin AbdulWahhaab, rahimahullaah Translated by Aboo Talhah Daawood Burbank, rahimahullaah Saying of Allaah, the Most High: نَ وُلمَ عأ َي اوُ ناكَ امَ نَ وأ زَ جأ ُيسَ ۚ هَ َئامَ سأ َأ يَف نَ ودُ حَ لأُي نَ يذَ هلا اورُ ذَ وَ ۖ اهَ َب ُهوعُ دأ اَف ىٰ َنسأ حُ لأا ءُ امَ سأ َلْأ ا َلِلّهَوَ To Allaah belongs the most perfect and beautiful names so worship Him in accordance with them and call upon Him by them and abandon those who deviate with regard to His names. (Sooratul-A`raf (7), aayah 180) Allaah’s Messenger sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam said: “Allaah has ninety-nine names, one-hundred except for one, whoever correctly preserves them and acts in accordance with them will enter Paradise.” 1 The addition which gives the actual list Names after it, reported by At-Tirmithee and one narration reported by Ibn Majah and others reported by Ibn Khuzaymah and Ibn Hibbaan and others is not authentic as from the Prophet sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam but rather it was from the ijtihaad of some of the scholars that they strove to look through the Book of Allaah and what they could find in the Sunnah. So the scholars from the early times right until this day have striven to look through the Book of Allaah and the authentic Sunnah and to extract these ninety-nine names. So each scholar has come with a slightly different list of names and no one scholar will be able to say “this is definitely the list”, which is why scholars have continued to strive in that regard right until this time. And as we mentioned one of the scholars in current times was Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih al-`Uthaymeen rahimahullaah in his book Al-Qawaa`id al-Muthla. So he produced a list and the scholars doing so hoping to fall into this hadeeth. One of the parts of ihsaa (correctly preserving these names) is to look for these names and to compile them. so amongst these scholars as we said Shaykh ibn al-`Uthaymeen and he compiled a list of ninety-nine names - not to say that Allaah’s names are restricted to these 99 but hoping and striving to establish the ninety-nine names which are given that promise, that whoever preserves them correctly and acts upon them will enter Paradise. 1Reported by Bukhaariyy and Muslim, hadeeth of Aboo Hurayrah radiyAllaahu `anh. Version 1.0 (Dated 28/01/2018) ittibaa.com Shaykh ibn al-`Uthaymeen rahimahullaah strove his best to find whatever names he could as scholars usually do, they strove the best that they could to find the names in the Qur’aan and when they fell short of the number 99 then whatever remained they would look in the Sunnah. So this is what Shaykh ibn al-`Uthaymeen did as well ,striving initially to find the names in the Qur’aan and some scholars before for example Ibn Hazm strove and making it a condition upon themselves that they would only bring a name which they could find in the Qur’aan, when they did so their list usually came to around 80 names or thereabouts. So therefore they ended up taking other names from the authentic Sunnah which is revelation as the Qur’aan is revelation. With regard to the names in addition, the ones from the Sunnah then the book of the Shaykh gives you footnotes mentioning which hadeeth brings the names. Obviously, a completion of the list to quote which aayah the name occurs in or if they’re from the hadeeth then where the hadeeth is. In case anyone who hasn’t got this book, anyone who can read Arabic and wants to benefit themselves with regard to the matter of Allaah’s names and attributes then make it upon yourself to get hold of this book Al- Qawaa`id al-Muthla. It’s a book of principles with regard to Allaah’s names, how we are to understand Allaah’s names, the principles that are to be applied, the principles that the people of the Sunnah are upon with regard to Allaah’s names, a refutation of the people of innovation and deviation, where they go wrong and principles to prove where they have gone wrong. This is one of the finest books written in this regard. Version 1.0 (Dated 28/01/2018) ittibaa.com The Shaykh Uthaymeen initially brings a list of 81 names extracted from the Book of Allaah, the Qur’aan, and then he brings 11 names (from 82-99) extracted from the authentic Sunnah. So he says from the Book of Allaah, the Most High are: 01. الله Allaah 02. دحَ لأا Al-Ahad (The Unique) 03. ىَلعْ لأا Al-A’laa (The Most High) 04. مرَ كْ لأا Al-Akram (The Most Generous) 05. هللإا Al-Ilaah (The One Who alone deserves to be worshipped) 06. لوَّ لأا Al Awwal (The First) 07. رخِ لآا Al-Aakhir (The Last) 08.رهِ اظلا Adh-Dhaahir (The Uppermost One) 09.نطِ اَبلا Al-Baatin (The Innermost One) 10. ئرِابلا Al-Baari` (The Originator) 11. ر َبلا Al-Barr (The Most Benign and Kind) 12.ريصِ َبلا Al-Baseer (The All-Seeing) 13. باوَّ َّتلا At-Tawwaab (The One Who guides His servants to repent and accepts their repentance) 14.راَّبجَ لا Al-Jabbaar (The Exalted and Almighty Compeller) 15. ظفِ احلا Al-Haafidh (The Protector) 16.بيسِ حَ لا Al-Haseeb (The Reckoner Who suffices) 17.ظيفِ حَ لا Al-Hafeedh (The Guardian) 18. ي فِ حَ لا Al-Hafiyy (The Benevolent) 19. ق حلا Al-Haqq (The True One) 20. نيِبمُ لا Al-Mubeen (the Clear and Manifest One) 21. ميكِ حَ لا Al-Hakeem (The One fully Wise) or Al-Haakim (The All-Wise) 22.ميلِحَ لا Al-Haleem (The Forbearing) Version 1.0 (Dated 28/01/2018) ittibaa.com 23.ديمِ حَ لا Al-Hameed (The One Who is deservedly praised) 24. ي حَ لا Al-Hayy (The Everliving), 25. مو يَقلا Al-Qayyoom (The Self-Subsisting One Upon Whom everything depends) 26.ريِبخَ لا Al-Khabeer (The Fully Aware) 27.قلِاخَ لا Al-Khaaliq (The Creator and Maker of everything) 28. ق لاخَ لا Al Khallaaq (The Creator Who creates again and again) 29. فوؤُ رَّ لا Ar-Ra’oof (The Compassionate and Kind) 30.نامَ حْ رَّ لا Ar-Rahmaan (The Extremely Merciful) 31. ميحِ رَّ لا Ar-Raheem (The Bestower of mercy) 32. قازَّ رَّ لا Ar-Razzaaq (The Great Provider) 33. بيِقرَّ لا Ar-Raqeeb (The Ever Watchful Guardian) 34. ملاس لا As-Salaam (the Impeccable One or Flawless One) 35. عيمِ سَّ لا As Samee’ (The All-Hearing) 36. ركِ اشَ لا Ash-Shaakir (The Appreciative) 37. روكُ شَّ ل Ash-Shakoor (The One most ready to appreciate and reward abundantly)ا 38. ديهِ شَّ لا Ash-Shaheed (The Witness) 39. دمَ صَّ لا As-Samad (the Perfect Lord and Master upon Whom the whole of creation depends) 40. ملِاَعلا Al-`Aalim (The All-Knower of the seen and the unseen) 41. زيزَِعلا Al-`Azeez (The Almighty or the Invincible) 42. ميظِ َعلا Al-`Adheem (The Tremendous One or the Magnificent) 43. و ُفَعلا Al-`Afuww (The One Who pardons again and again) 44. ميلَِعلا Al-`Aleem (The All-Knowing) 45. ي لَِعلا Al-`Aliyy (The Exalted) 46. راَّفَغلا Al-Ghaffaar (The Oft-forgiving) 47. روُفَغلا Al-Ghafoor (The One Who forgives extensively) 48. ي ِنَغلا Al-Ghaniyy (The Independent One Who is free of all needs) Version 1.0 (Dated 28/01/2018) ittibaa.com 49. حاَّتَفلا Al-Fattaah (The Judge and Opener Who distinguishes the truth from falsehood) 50. ردِ اَقلا Al-Qaadir (The Fully Able One) 51. رهِ اَقلا Al-Qaahir (The Invincible Subduer) 52. سود ُقلا Al-Quddoos (The Pure and Perfect) 53. ريدِ َقلا Al-Qadeer (The All-Powerful) 54. بيرَِقلا Al-Qareeb (The One Who is near to the servants) 55. ي وِ َقلا Al-Qawiyy (The One perfect in strength) 56. راهَّ َقلا Al-Qahhaar (The Overwhelming Subduer Who is never overcome) 57. ريِبكَ لا Al-Kabeer (The Incomparably Great) 58. ميرِكَ لا Al-Kareem (The Bountiful, The Generous One Abundant in good) 59. فيطِ َّللا Al-Lateef (The Subtle and Kind) 60. نمِ ؤمُ لا Al-Mu`min (The True and Trustworthy, The Granter of security) 61. يلِاَعَتمُ لا Al-Muta’aalee (The Supreme and Exalted One) 62. رِ بكَ َتمُ لا Al-Mutakabbir (The One Supreme in Glory, The justly and rightfully proud) 63. نيِتمَ لا Al-Mateen (The Strong) 64. بيجِ مُ لا Al-Mujeeb (The Responsive) 65. ديجِ مَ لا Al-Majeed (The One Perfect in Glory and Honour) 66. طيحِ مُ لا Al-Muheet (The All-Encompassing) 67. روِ صَ مُ لا Al-Musawwir (The Bestower of forms) 68. ردَِتقْ مُ لا Al-Muqtadir (The Omnipotent) 69. تيقِ مُ لا Al-Muqeet (The All-Powerful Maintainer) 70. كلِمَ لا Al-Malik (The King) 71. كيلِمَ لا Al-Maleek (The Omnipotent Sovereign) 72. ىَلومَ لا Al-Mawlaa (The Patron Lord or the Master and Supporter) 73. نمِ يْ هَ مُ لا Al-Muhaymin (The Trustworthy and Ever Watchful Witness) 74. ريصِ َّنلا An-Naseer (The Helper) 75. دحِ اوَ لا Al-Waahid (The One and Only) Version 1.0 (Dated 28/01/2018) ittibaa.com 76. ثرِاوَ لا Al-Waarith (The Inheritor) 77. عسِ اوَ لا Al Waasi’ (The Vast One) 78. دودُ وَ لا Al-Wadood (The Loving One and the Beloved One) 79. ليكِ وَ لا Al-Wakeel (The Trustworthy Disposer of Affairs) 80. ي لِوَ لا Al-Waliyy (The Guardian Lord) 81. باهَّ وَ لا Al-Wahhaab (The Bestower) From the Sunnah of Allaah’s Messenger sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam : 82. ليمِ جَ لا Al-Jameel (The Beautiful One) 83. داوَ جَ لا Al-Jawaad (The Munificent) 84. مكَ حَ لا Al-Hakam (The Judge) 85. يِ يحَ لا Al-Hayyiyu (The One Who honourably disdains anything unbecoming His mercy and generosity) 86. ب رَّ لا Ar-Rabb (The Lord and Nurturer) 87. قيِفرَّ لا Ar-Rafeeq (The Gentle) 88. حو بس لا As-Subbooh (The Venerated and Perfect) 89. دِ يسَّ لا As-Sayyid (The Lord and Master) 90. يِفاشَّ لا Ash-Shaafee (The One Who cures) 91. بِ يطَّ لا At-Tayyib (The Pure One) 92. ضِباقلا Al-Qaabid (The Withholder) 93. طسِ اَبلا Al-Baasit (The Granter of ample provision) 94. مد ِ َقمُ لا Al-Muqaddim (The One Who gives precedence) 95. رخ ِ ؤَ مُ لا Al-Mu`akhkhir (The One Who puts back) 96. نسِ حْ مُ لا Al-Muhsin (The One Who acts in a good and fine manner) 97. يطِ عْ مُ لا Al Mu’tee (The Giver) 98. ناَّنمَ لا Al-Mannaan (The Beneficent Bestower of bounties) 99. رْتوِ لا Al-Witr (The One Who has no partner nor anyone like Him) Version 1.0 (Dated 28/01/2018) ittibaa.com Then with regard to brief explanation of these names (with a slightly longer explanation for just one or two of them) then a number of books have been written in this present age depending upon earlier books and these brief explanations are based upon these references: 1. The Tafseer of Ibn Jareer at-Tabariyy - Jaami` ul-Bayaan, 2. The Tafseer of Ibn Katheer, 3. The Tayseer ul-Kareem ir-Rehmaan-The Tafseer of As-Sa’dee 4. The Tafseer of Al-Baghawee, 5. Majmoo` ul-Fataawa of Shaykh ul-Islaam ibn Taymiyyah 6. An-Nooniyah, the poem by Ibn ul-Qayyim 7. I`dat us-Saabireen also of Ibn ul-Qayyim 8. Ar-rad `ala al-Jahmiyyah of Imaam Ahmad 9. Bada`i ul-fawaa`id of Ibn ul-Qayyim 10. Sha’n ud-Du`aa of Al-Khataabee 11. Tafseer Asmaa illaahi il-Husnaa of Az-Zajjaaj 12. Al Hujjah fee Bayaan il-Mahajjah of Qiwaam us-Sunnah al-Asbahaanee 13. At-Tawheed of Ibn Mandah 14. An-Nihaayah Fee Ghareeb il-Hadeeth of Ibn al-Atheer 15. Tafseer Ghareeb il-Qur’aan of Ibn Qutaybah 16. Al-Mufradaat of Ar-Raaghib 17. Lisaan ul-`Arab of Ibn Mandhoor 18. Al Haqq ul-Waadih ul-Mubeen of As-Sa`dee rahimahamullaah Version 1.0 (Dated 28/01/2018) ittibaa.com With regard to the 1st name that Shaykh ibn al-`Uthaymeen brings the name of Allaah: 1st Name: الله Allaah Concerning the name Allaah, Ibn ul-Qayyim said in Midaarij us-Saalikeen: “The name Allaah indicates all of the perfect names and lofty attributes in all three ways of indication since it indicates His Divinity, which indicates affirmation of all the characteristics of divinity for Him along with negation of their opposites for Him. So, the attributes of divinity are the attributes of perfection being free from any likeness with the creation and free of any deficiency or imperfection.” And the author of the explainer of Kitaab at-Tawheed in Tayseer ul-`Azeez al-Hameed, brings a quote from Ibn ul-Qayyim also with regard to the excellent qualities of the name Allaah that Ibn ul-Qayyim rahimahullaah said: As for the particular virtues of the meaning of this name Allaah then in this regard the most knowledgeable of the creation sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam himself said: “I could not praise You enough as You deserve, You are as You have praised Yourself.”2 He said, so how could we enumerate the special virtues of the name of the One Who comprises every perfection unrestrictedly and every praise and commendation and every laudation and exaltation and all splendour and all perfection and all glory and all beauty and all good and all eminence and all generosity, excellence and goodness is for Him and is from Him. So, this name Allaah is not mentioned upon a small amount of something except that it causes it to increase. Nor is it mentioned in a state of fear except that it removes it. Nor is it mentioned upon any misfortune except that it relieves it. Nor in any state of anxiety and distress except that it brings relief. Nor upon any state of difficulty except that it brings ease to it. None who is weak resorts to it except that it brings strength to him. Nor anyone in a state of humiliation except that it brings honour to him. Nor anyone in poverty except that he is enriched. Nor anyone who feels estranged and uneasy except that it causes him to feel at ease. Nor is it mentioned by one who has been overcome except that it brings aid and victory for him. Nor by one who is in straitened circumstances except that his difficulty is removed. Nor is it mentioned by a fugitive except that he finds refuge. So, it is the name, meaning Allaah’s name Allaah, it is the name through which distress is removed through which the descent of blessings is sought and through which supplications are answered. Through it slips are corrected, sins are warded away and good deeds are brought closer. 2 Reported by Muslim from the hadeeth of A’ishah radiyAllaahu `anha. Version 1.0 (Dated 28/01/2018) ittibaa.com It is the name with which the earth and heavens were established and with which the revealed books were sent down and with which the messengers were sent. With it the legislated laws were prescribed, through it the prescribed punishments were established and with it jihaad was prescribed. Through this name the creation will become divided into the fortunate and the wretched. With it the true and tremendous day is established and with it, the scales of justice are set up, the bridge laid down and the Paradise and the Fire established. With it, the Lord of all creation is worshipped and praised, for its right the messengers were sent and it will be asked about in the grave and for it, there will be the resurrection. Dispute is regarding it and judgement is to it and alliance and enmity are for it. Through it those who know it and establish its rights will be the fortunate ones and through it those who are ignorant of it and leave its rights will be the wretched ones. So, it is the reason for creation and command and through it, they are established and confirmed and to it they arrive at a conclusion. So, the creation comes about through it, returns to it and exists because of it. So, there is nothing in creation and no command nor reward and no punishment except that it starts from it and ends with it. That is what brings it about and its reason. Then he quotes the aayah: رَ اهنلا بَ اذَ عَ اَنقَ َف كَ َناحَ بأ سُ لًا طَ اَب اذَ هَٰ تَ قأ َلخَ امَ اَنهبرَ Oh our Lord, You have not created all of this without purpose, free and far removed are You from that. So save us from the punishment of the Fire. (Soorah Aali `Imraan (3), aayah 191) Then with regard to the name الله Allaah, brief indication of the meaning which is - the One Who is truly venerated and worshipped, the One deserving that He be singled out with all worship because of His perfect attributes of divinity. With regard to the 2nd name that the Shaykh quotes, دحَ لأا Al-Ahad (the Unique), the One Who is alone and unique in every sense, the One alone in His oneness, in His self and in His attributes, alone in His divinity. The 3rd name; ىَلعْ لأا Al-A’laa (the Most High), the One Who is above everything, having power and control over everything and the One Who is exalted above every deficiency. The 4th name; مرَ كْ لأا Al-Akram (the Most Generous), the One unequalled in His perfect generosity. The 5th name; هللإا Al-Ilaah, the One Who alone deserves to be worshipped. The 6th name; لوَّ لأا Al Awwal (the First) and this name, the 6th and the 7th and the 8th and the 9th Al-Awwalu, W`al Aakhiru W`al Dhaahiru W`al Baatin, the Shaykh has put most of the names as you can see in alphabetical order. These 4 names are out of Version 1.0 (Dated 28/01/2018) ittibaa.com alphabetical order and put together because they are all explained in an authentic hadeeth in Saheeh Muslim explained by Allaah’s Messenger himself sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam. So Al Awwal (the First), is the One Who was before everything without any beginning. The 7th name; رخِ لآا Al-Aakhir (the Last), the One who remains after everything else without any end. The 8th name; رهِ اظلا Adh-Dhaahir (the Uppermost One), the One such that nothing is above Him, He is above everything and He encompasses everything with His Knowledge. The 9th name; نطِ اََبلا Al-Baatin (the Innermost One), the One Who encompasses and knows the innermost secrets of everything. The 10th name; ئرِابلا Al-Baari` (the Originator) the One Who by His power originated and created and fashioned the created beings upon their separate forms without any prior example to follow and Who created and fashioned the souls in the wombs. The 11th name; َر َبلا Al-Barr with a baa and a raa and a shaddah on the raa, Al-Barr (the Most Benign and Kind), the One Who treats the creation in an excellent and kind manner, Who does not interrupt His fine treatment of them and Who rectifies their affairs for them. The 12th name; ريصِ َبلا Al-Baseer (the All-Seeing), the One Who sees everything such that nothing whatsoever is hidden from Him. The 13th name; باوََّّتلا At-Tawwaab (the One Who guides His servants to repent and accepts their repentance), the One Who guides the servants that they should repent to Him, grants to them that they should repent and accepts their repentance again and again. The 14th name; راَّبجَ لا Al-Jabbaar (the Exalted and Almighty Compeller), the One to Whose might everything in the creation submits and the exalted One Who rectifies the affairs of His creation for them and Who restores the weak and the broken-hearted. The 15th name; ظِفاحلا Al-Haafidh (the Protector), the One Who alone guards and protects the heavens and the earth and whatever they contain and Who protects His servants from destruction and from evil. The 16th name; بيسِ حَ لا Al-Haseeb (the Reckoner Who suffices), the One Who preserves the deeds of the creation and will bring them to account for them and the One Who suffices and protects His servants. The 17th name; ظيفِ حَ لا Al-Hafeedh (the Guardian), the One Who protects the servants from harm and Who perfectly preserves whatever deeds His servants have done, not Version 1.0 (Dated 28/01/2018) ittibaa.com