THE NARRATOR IN ARCHAIC GREEK AND HELLENISTIC POETRY This book re-examines the relationship of Hellenistic poetry to Archaic poetry. It demonstrates how Callimachus, Theocritus and Apolloniusdeveloptheirprimarynarratorsormainnarrativevoices– acentralfeatureoftheirpoeticmanner–byexploitingandadapting models from a wide range of Archaic poets and genres, including Homer,Hesiod,theHomericHymns,Pindar,Sappho,Archaiciambos andearlyelegy.Itgoesbeyondpreviousworkbybringingtogethera closestudyoftheHellenisticremakingofthepoeticformsofthepast withthefirstcomprehensiveexaminationoftheprimarynarratorsof the major poems and fragments of Archaic and Hellenistic poetry. Building on narratological approaches to literary texts, it explores the ways in which Archaic poets create their narrators and develop personas across their different works. The Hellenistic engagement withtheseArchaicpersonas,andthetechniquesforcreatingthem,is in part a way of saving Archaic poetic voices for the very different Hellenisticworld.But,asthisstudyshows,poetssuchasPindarand Hesiod provided an invaluable narrative ‘pattern book’ for Hellenisticpoetstoadaptandexperimentwith. A.D. MORRISON is Lecturer in Classics at the University of Manchester,havingstudiedatOxfordandLondon.Hispublications include Performances and Audiences in Pindar’s Sicilian Victory Odes (2007)and,co-editedwithR.Morello,AncientLetters:Classicaland LateAntiqueEpistolography(2007). THE NARRATOR IN ARCHAIC GREEK AND HELLENISTIC POETRY A.D. MORRISON UniversityofManchester CAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESS Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore,Sa˜oPaulo CambridgeUniversityPress TheEdinburghBuilding,CambridgeCB28RU,UK PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521874502 #AndrewMorrison2007 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsonrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithout thewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2007 PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,Cambridge AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ISBN978-0-521-87450-2hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityfor thepersistenceoraccuracyofURLsforexternalor third-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhisbook, anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuch websitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. For Gioia Contents Preface pageix Listofabbreviations xi 1 Introduction 1 2 Archaicnarrativeandnarrators 36 3 Callimacheannarrators 103 4 ThenarratorsofTheocritus 221 5 Confidenceandcrisis:thenarratorintheArgonautica 271 6 Contextsandconclusions 312 Bibliography 322 Indexofpassages 340 Generalindex 352 vii Preface Ihaveanumberofpeopletothankfortheirhelpintheproductionofthis book. First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to my supervisors, Herwig Maehler, Richard Janko and Alan Griffiths, for their help, guid- anceandadvicethroughoutmytimeatUCL.InparticularIwouldliketo thankAlan,whowasmyprincipalsupervisorforthreeyears,forhispatient and helpful criticism of my ideas about Hellenistic poetry, and his sage advice.IwouldalsoliketothankAngusBowie,whofirsttaughtmeabout Greekpoetry(andmuchelsebesides),andPaulFentem,whofirstsetme onthehappyroadwhichledtoPindarandCallimachus. I would like to thank the Arts and Humanities Research Board of the BritishAcademyforprovidingmewithaPostgraduateStudentshipwhich enabledmetocarryoutthethesiswhicheventuallygaverisetothisbook, andtoallmycolleaguesintheDepartmentofClassicsandAncientHistory atManchesterforgivingmethechancetoteachandfinishfirstmythesis andnowthisbookinsuchafriendlyandstimulatingenvironment. From my time in London there are various people to whom I am very grateful for a variety of things – five (then) fellow UCL Ph.D. students, AndrewBevan,LeightonPugh,MarielleSutherland,WillBroadheadand Yumna Khan, as well as Matthew Entwistle, Anna Pearce and, of course, Eric Blaum. Thanks also to my Ph.D. examiners Richard Hunter and Chris Carey for extremely insightful and perceptive comments on the thesis.RichardHunterfirstcommended an earlierversionof thebookto thePress,forwhichIamalsoverygrateful.Theanonymousreadersforthe Press, who improved this book immeasurably, also deserve my thanks, as doJoBreeze,SarahParkerandMichaelSharpatthePress,andmyhawk-eyed copyeditor,IvetaAdams,whosavedmefrommanyerrors.Thankstooto BICS and its editors for allowing me to adapt parts of my article ‘Sexual ambiguityandtheidentityofthenarratorinCallimachus’HymntoAthena’ inthisbook. ix