title: The Medieval City Under Siege author: Corfis, Ivy A. publisher: Boydell & Brewer Ltd. isbn10 | asin: 0851157564 print isbn13: 9780851157566 ebook isbn13: 9780585329383 language: English Military history, Medieval, Cities and subject towns, Medieval--Europe, Europe--History, Military. publication date: 1999 lcc: D128.M43 1995eb ddc: 949.12/02 Military history, Medieval, Cities and subject: towns, Medieval--Europe, Europe--History, Military. Page iii The Medieval City under Siege Edited by Ivy A. Corfis and Michael Wolfe Page iv Disclaimer: This book contains characters with diacritics. When the characters can be represented using the ISO 8859-1 character set (http://www.w3.org/TR/images/latin1.gif), netLibrary will represent them as they appear in the original text, and most computers will be able to show the full characters correctly. In order to keep the text searchable and readable on most computers, characters with diacritics that are not part of the ISO 8859-1 list will be represented without their diacritical marks. © Contributors 1995 All Rights Reserved. Except as permitted under current legislation no part of this work may be photocopied, stored in a retrieval system, published, performed in public, adapted, broadcast, transmitted, recorded or reproduced in any form or by any means, without the prior permission of the copyright owner First published 1995 The Boydell Press, Woodbridge Reprinted in paperback 1999 ISBN 0 85115 561 8 hardback ISBN 0 85115 756 4 paperback The Boydell Press is an imprint of Boydell & Brewer Ltd PO Box 9, Woodbridge, Suffolk IP12 3DF, UK and of Boydell & Brewer Inc. PO Box 41026, Rochester, NY 14604-4126, USA website: http://www.boydell.co.uk A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 94-19121 This publication is printed on acid-free paper Printed in Great Britain by St Edmundsbury Press Ltd, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk Page v CONTENTS List of Illustrations vii Acknowledgements x Introduction New Perspectives on Medieval Siege Warfare: An 3 Introduction Michael Wolfe Siege Warfare and Cities Life on the Cutting Edge: The Besieged Town on the 17 Luso-Hispanic Frontier in the Twelfth Century James F. Powers The Medieval German City under Siege 35 Michael Toch Siege Warfare and the Bonnes Villes of France during the 49 Hundred Years War Michael Wolfe Siege Technologies and Urban Fortifications Town Defences in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem 69 Denys Pringle Byzantine Siege Warfare in Theory and Practice 123 Eric McGeer Artillery in Late Antiquity: Prelude to the Middle Ages 131 Paul E. Chevedden Siege as Metaphor and Literary Event Siege Warfare in Medieval Hispanic Epic and Romance 177 Michael Harney The Slings and Arrows of Outrageous Love in the Roman 191 de la Rose Heather Arden Chivalry under Siege in Ricardian Romance 207 Winthrop Wetherbee Page vi Siege Warfare in Transition The Impact of Gunpowder Weaponry on Siege Warfare in 227 the Hundred Years War Kelly DeVries Siegecraft in Late Fifteenth-Century Italy 245 Michael Mallett The Changing Face of Siege Warfare: Technology and 257 Tactics in Transition Bert S. Hall Onomastic Index 277 Page vii ILLUSTRATIONS The Luso-Hispanic Frontier in the Twelfth Century James F. Powers Map Iberia c. 1250. 18 The Medieval German City under Siege Michael Toch Map Holy Roman Empire c. 1300. 36 Siege Warfare and the Bonnes Villes of France Michael Wolfe Map France c. 1249. 50 Town Defences in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem Denys Pringle Fig. 1 Map of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, 105 Showing the Location of Urban Settlements and the Nature of Their Defences. Fig. 2 Jerusalem: Plan of the Town Walls in the Twelfth 106 and Thirteenth Centuries. Fig. 3 Acre: Map of the City by Pietro Vesconte c. 107 1320. Fig. 4 Ascalon: Plan of the Byzantine, Early Islamic 108 and Crusader City Walls. Fig. 5 Tyre: Plan of the Site of the Crusader City in the 109 1930s. Fig. 6 Beirut: Plan of the Demolished Turkish Town 110 Walls. Fig. 7 Sidon: Plan of the Turkish Town Walls (1864), 111 Showing the Position of the Crusader Harbour and Castles. Fig. 8 Caesarea: Plan of the Crusader city. 112 Fig. 9 'Atlit: Plan of the Crusader Castle and Town 113 Walls. Fig. 10 Jaffa: Sketch Plan of the Crusader Town Walls. 114 Fig. 11 Arsuf: Plan of the Crusader Castle and Town 115 Walls. Pl. 1 Ascalon: Tower C, One of Those Inserted into the 116 Line of the Pre-existing Town Wall by Richard I in 1192. Pl. 2 Ascalon: Tower H, Built by Richard I in 1192. 116 Pl. 3 Ascalon: Tower B, Built by Richard I in 1192. 117 Pl. 4 Ascalon: The Talus of the N Wall of the Castle 117 Attributed to Richard of Cornwall (124041). Pl. 5 Caesarea: N Wall of the Town, Showing the N 118 Gate-tower. Pl. 6 Caesarea: N Gate-tower, Showing the Outer Gate 118 and the Inner Gate. Pl. 7 Caesarea: N Gate-tower, Detail of the Outer Gate 119 Showing the Slots for Its Portcullis and Draw-bar.