i FIFTH EDITION The MD Anderson Surgical Oncology Handbook Editors Barry W. Feig, MD C. Denise Ching, MD MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Surgical Oncology Houston, Texas LLWWBBKK994499--FFMM__ppii--xxxx..iinndddd ii 99//2233//1111 11::1133 PPMM Acquisitions Editor: Brian Brown Product Manager: Brendan Huff man Production Manager: Alicia Jackson Senior Manufacturing Manager: Benjamin Rivera Marketing Manager: Lisa Lawrence Design Coordinator: Doug Smock Production Service: Aptara, Inc. © 2012 by LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, a WOLTERS KLUWER business Two Commerce Square 2001 Market Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA LWW.com Fourth Edition ©2006 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins All rights reserved. Th is book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means, including photocopying, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quota- tions embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their offi cial duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. Printed in China Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Th e MD Anderson surgical oncology handbook / MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Surgical Oncology ; editors, Barry W. Feig, C. Denise Ching. — 5th ed. p. ; cm. Surgical oncology handbook Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-60831-284-9 (pbk.) I. Feig, Barry W., 1959– II. Ching, C. Denise (Christine Denise) III. University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Dept. of Surgical Oncology. IV. Title: Surgical oncology handbook. [DNLM: 1. Neoplasms—surgery—Handbooks. QZ 39] LC classifi cation not assigned 616.99(cid:2)4059—dc23 2011033093 Care has been taken to confi rm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or ac- curacy of the contents of the publication. Application of the information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner. Th e authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every eff ort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant fl ow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. Th is is particularly important when the recom- mended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug. Some drugs and medical devices presented in the publication have Food and Drug Admin- istration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care providers to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in their clinical practice. To purchase additional copies of this book, call our customer service department at (800) 638-3030 or fax orders to (301) 223-2320. International customers should call (301) 223-2300. Visit Lippincott Williams & Wilkins on the Internet: at LWW.com. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins customer service representatives are available from 8:30 am to 6 pm, EST. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LLWWBBKK994499--FFMM__ppii--xxxx..iinndddd iiii 99//2233//1111 11::1133 PPMM To our dear friends and families, for their support, enthusiasm, and patience through our many years of training and continued long hours spent in the care of patients with cancer. LLWWBBKK994499--FFMM__ppii--xxxx..iinndddd iiiiii 99//2233//1111 11::1133 PPMM LLWWBBKK994499--FFMM__ppii--xxxx..iinndddd iivv 99//2233//1111 11::1133 PPMM CONTRIBUTORS John D. Abad, MD Assistant Professor Department of Surgery Indiana University School of Medicine Surgical Oncologist Cancer Care Partners South Bend, Indiana Eddie K. Abdalla, MD, FACS Assistant Professor Department of Surgical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Keith D. Amos, MD Assistant Professor Department of Surgery Division of Surgical Oncology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina Robert Hans Ingemar Andtbacka, MD, CM, FRCSC Assistant Professor of Surgery Department of Surgery University of Utah Assistant Professor Huntsman Cancer Institute Salt Lake City, UT Brian Badgwell, MD, MS Assistant Professor of Surgery Division of Surgical Oncology Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, Arkansas v LLWWBBKK994499--FFMM__ppii--xxxx..iinndddd vv 99//2233//1111 11::1133 PPMM vi Contributors Donald P. Baumann, MD, FACS Associate Professor Department of Plastic Surgery Division of Surgery The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Shanda H. Blackmon, MD, MPH, FACS Section Head Thoracic Surgery The Methodist Hospital Assistant Professor Weill Cornell Medical College Clinical Specialist MD Anderson Debashish Bose, MD, PhD Assistant Professor of Surgery Department of Surgical Oncology MD Anderson Cancer Center Orlando Orlando, Florida Tawnya L. Bowles, MD Clinical Assistant Professor Department of Surgery University of Utah and Intermountain Medical Center Salt Lake City, Utah Abigail S. Caudle, MD Assistant Professor Department of Surgical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas George J. Chang, MD, MS, FACS, FASCRS Associate Professor of Surgical Oncology Associate Medical Director Colorectal Center U.T. MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas C. Denise Ching, MD Surgical Oncologist Department of Breast Health and Surgical Oncology Palo Alto Medical Foundation Palo Alto, California LLWWBBKK994499--FFMM__ppii--xxxx..iinndddd vvii 99//2233//1111 11::1133 PPMM Contributors vii Eugene A. Choi, MD Surgical Oncologist University of Chicago Medical Center Chicago, IL Carlo M. Contreras, MD Department of Surgery University of South Alabama USA Mitchell Cancer Institute Alabama Janice N. Cormier, MD, MPH Associate Professor Department of Surgical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Christopher H. Crane, MD Professor Program Director and Section Chief Gastrointestinal Section U.T. MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Melissa A. Crosby, MD, FACS Assistant Professor Department of Plastic Surgery Division of Surgery The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Keith A. Delman Assistant Professor Department of Surgery Emory University Atlanta, Georgia Barry W. Feig, MD Professor of Surgery Department of Surgical Oncology U.T MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas LLWWBBKK994499--FFMM__ppii--xxxx..iinndddd vviiii 99//2233//1111 11::1133 PPMM viii Contributors Jason B. Fleming, MD Associate Professor Department of Surgical Oncology Division of Surgery The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Jason B. Fleming, MD, FACS Associate Professor Chief Pancreas Surgery Director Surgical Oncology Fellowship Deputy Chairman Department of Surgical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Jeffrey E. Gershenwald, MD, FACS Professor of Surgery and Cancer Biology Departments of Surgical Oncology and Cancer Biology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Elizabeth G. Grubbs, MD, FACS Assistant Professor of Surgery Department of Surgical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Mouhammed A. Habra, MD Assistant Professor Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Liz Y. Han, MD, MPH Attending Gynecologic Oncologist Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kaiser Permanente Oakland, California Matthew M. Hanasono, MD Assistant Professor Department of Plastic Surgery The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas LLWWBBKK994499--FFMM__ppii--xxxx..iinndddd vviiiiii 99//2233//1111 11::1133 PPMM Contributors ix Kelly L. Herne, MD Volunteer faculty Department of Dermatology The University of Texas Houston Medical School Houston, Texas Wayne L. Hofstetter, MD Associate Professor of Surgery Director of Esophageal Surgery Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas F. Christopher Holsinger, MD, FACS Associate Professor Department of Head and Neck Surgery Director Program in Minimally Invasive Head and Neck Surgery The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Cary Hsu, MD Surgical Oncology Fellow The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Kelly K. Hunt, MD, FACS Hamill Foundation Distinguished Professor of Surgery in Honor of Dr. Richard G. Martin Sr. Professor of Surgical Oncology Chief Surgical Breast Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Rosa F. Hwang, MD Associate Professor Department of Surgical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas LLWWBBKK994499--FFMM__ppii--xxxx..iinndddd iixx 99//2233//1111 11::1133 PPMM x Contributors Sharon Renae Hymes, MD Associate Professor Department of Dermatology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Jose A. Karam, MD Assistant Professor Faculty Physician/Surgeon Department of Urology U.T. MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Matthew H. Katz, MD Assistant Professor Department of Surgical Oncology Division of Surgery The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas Catherine M. Kelly, Department of Medical Oncology Mater Misericordiae University Hospital Institute for Cancer Research Dublin, Ireland David S. Kwon, Division of Surgery Department of Surgical Oncology Henry Ford Health System Detroit, Michigan Christine S. Landry, MD Surgical Oncologist Department of Surgical Oncology Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center Gilbert, Arizona Jeffrey E. Lee, MD Professor and Chair Irving and Nadine Mansfield and Robert David Levitt Cancer Research Chair Department of Surgical Oncology Division of Surgery U.T. MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas LLWWBBKK994499--FFMM__ppii--xxxx..iinndddd xx 99//2233//1111 11::1133 PPMM