TheLi/e OF THE Prophet MuhtimmaJ • VOLUME IV CENTER FOR MUSLIM CONTRIBUTION TO CIVILIZATION TheCenterforMuslimContributiontoCivilization,anon-government, non-profitmakingculi:uralorganization,strivestoleadMuslimsand non-MuslimsaliketoabetterunderstandingoftheMuslimcontribution tocivilizationandtoabetterknowledgeofIslam. LocatedinDoha,Stateof~tar,theCenterhasthewannsupportoritspatron, theEmirof~tar,H.H.SheikhHamadBinKhalifaAle-Thani.Presenting accuratetranslationsofsomeofthebestknownworksofthemosteminentMuslim savants,spanningthe800yearsoftheclassicalperiodofIslamiccivilization (c. 620ADtoc. 1500AD),sinceitsestablishmentin1983theCenterhasproduced ninevolumescoveringfivemajorworksindifferentfieldsofknowledge. ForfurtherinformationontheworkaftheCenter,allcorrespondence shouldbedirectedto TheGeneralSupervisor CenterforMuslimContributiontoCivilization P.O.Box327 Doha StateofQ,lrnr . ArabianGulf The Center for Muslim Contribution to Civilization TheLi/e OF THE Prophet M """~ uhfll..All..A""""""" .. III VOLUME IV Ai-SEraal-NaiJawiyya Ibn Kathlr Translatedby Professor Trevor Le Gassick Reviewedby Dr Muneer Fareed THELIFEOFTHEPROPHETMlJ\IAMMAD VOLUMEIV Pub/i;hdby GarnetPublishingLimited 8SouthernCourt SouthStreet Reading RGI4QS UK Copyright©2000TheCenterforMuslimContributiontoCivilization Allrightsreserved Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformorby anyelectronicormechanicalmeans,includinginformation storageandretrievalsystems,withoutpermissioninwriting fromthepublisher,exceptbyareviewerwhomayquote briefpassagesinareview ISBN-13, 978-1-85964-145-3 ISBN-10, 1-85964-145-8 FirstEdition2000 FirstPaperbackEdition2000 Reprinted2002,2006 BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationData Acataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefrom theBritishLibrary PrintedinLebanon CONTENTS Foreword xiii AboutthisSeries xv CenterforMuslimContributiontoCivilization:BoardofTrustees XVll CenterforMuslimContributiontoCivilization:Board xviii IntroductionbyMuncerFareed xix Translator'sPreface xxviii VolumeIV The Year9AH. I ANACCOUNTOFTHEExPEDITIONTOTABUKINRAJABOF9AH. I Thosewhoweptandalsothosewhomadeexcusestoremainbehind. 4 ANACCOUNTOFHOW,ONHISWAYTOTABUK,THEMESSENGEROFGoD (~AAS)PASSEDBYTHEDWELLINGSOFThAMODANDTHEIR FORTIF1CATIONSATAL-J:lIJR. 12 ANACCOUNTOFTHEADDRESSTHEMESSENGEROFGoD(SAAS)GAVEAT TABOKATAPALMTREETHERE. 15 ANACCOUNTOFTHEPRAYERSPOKENFORMU'XWIYAB.ABUMU'XWIYA- IFINDEEDAUTHENTIC. I7 TheArrivaloftheMessengerfrom CaesartotheMessengerofGod (SAAS) at Tabuk. 18 ThePeacePacttheMessengerofGod (SAAS) madewiththeGovernorofAyla andthepeopleofJarbiPandAdhrubwhilehewasencampedat Tabuk, beftre hisreturn. 20 TheDispatchbytheMessengerofGod(SAAS) ofKhalidb. al-Walidto UkaydirDuma. 21 ANACCOUNTOFTHEAL-I;>IRARMOSQUE. 26 TheIjadithofKa'bb.Malik, mayGodbepleasedwithhim, asquotedby al-Bukhart, mayGodhavemercyuponhim. 29 Reftrencetodisobedientpersonsotherthanthosewhohadremainedbehind. 34 ANACCOUNTOFTHEEVENTSAFTERTHERETURNOFTHEMESSENGEROFGoD (SAAS)FROMTABUKTOMEDINA. 35 TheArrivalofaDelegationfrom Thaq;ftotheMessengerofGod(SAAS) inRama4anof9AH. 37 ANACCOUNTOFTHEDEATHOF'ARDALLAHB. UBAYY,MAYGoDFIND HIMREPULSIVE! 45 TheDispatchbytheMessengerofGod(SAAS) ofAbuBakr, 'The Trusting', in commandofthePilgrimageintheyear9AHandtherevelationofSuratBartt>a (i.e. al-Tawba;IX). 48 vi THELIFEOFTHEPROPHETMUBAMMAD Eventsthatoccurredinthatyear, 9AHduringRajahofwhichtheexpedition to Tabuk tookplace. 52 THEBOOKOFDELEGATIONSTHATCAMETOTHE MESSENGEROFGOD(SAAS) 53 Chapter: OntheexcelknceofBanu Tamtm. 61 TheDelegationfrom Banu'Abdal-Qftys. 62 TheStoryofThumarnaandthedelegationfromBani!J.:Ianifa,amongwhom wasMusaylima, 'TheImpostor',mayGoddamnhim! 65 TheDelegationfrom thepeopleofNajran. 71 TheDelegationofBana'Amirandthestoryof'Amirb. al-TufaylandArbadb. Qftys, mayGoddamnthemboth! 76 TheArrivalofOimamb. Tha'iabatoseetheMessengerofGod ($AAS), onbehalfofhistribeofBanuSa'db. Bakr. 81 TheDelegationofTa'twith 'ZaydoftheHorses'may Godbepkasedwithhim. 85 TheStoryof'Adib.J.:Iatimal-Ta'i. 86 TheDelegationofFarwab.Musayk al-Muradi, oneofhispeopk'skaders, tothe MessengerofGod ($AAS). 95 TheArrivalof'Amrb. Ma'dtKarib withpersonsfrom (Banu) Zabid. 96 TheArrivalofal-Ash'athb.QftysinaDelegationfrom Kinda. 98 TheArrivalofA'shab.Mazin totheProphet ($AAS). 99 TheArrivalof$uradb.'AbdAllahal-Azdtamongsomemenofhistribe, and thenafterthemthedelegationofthepeopleofJurash. 100 TheArrivalofaMessengerfromtheKingsofljimyarto theMessengerofGod ($AAS). 101 TheArrivalofJartrb.'AbdAllahal-BajaltandhisacceptanceofIslam. 105 TheArrivaltotheMessengerofGod($AAS), ofWa'tlb. ljujrb. Rab!'ab. Wa'ilb. Ya'mural-ljOf!ramtb. Hunayda, oneoftheKingsofYemen. 108 TheArrivalofLaqttb. 'Amiral-Muntafiqb.AbURazinal-'Aqilitothe MessengerofGod ($AAS). 109 TheArrivalofZiyadb. al-Harithal-$udil't, mayGodbepleasedwithhim. 112 TheArrivalofal-ljarithb. ljassanAI-BakrftotheMessengerofGod($AAS). 115 TheArrivalo[,Abdal-Ra/tmanb. AbuCUqayl, withhispeople. 116 TheArrivalofTariqb. 'AbdAllahandhiscompanions. 116 TheArrivaloftheDelegatefrom Farwa b. 'Amral-Judhamt, theRulerofthe LandsofMu'an, bringingnewsofhisacceptanceofIslamtotheMessengerofGod ($AAS). 118 TheArrivalofTamtmai-Dartto theMessengerofGod (SAAS), andhis informinghimaboutal-Jassasaandaboutwhatheheardfrom al-Dajjal, 'TheImposter,'concerningthemissionoftheProphetandthefaith ofthose believinginhim. 119 TheDelegationfrom BanuAsad. 120 TheDelegationfrom Banu'Abs. 120 TheDelegationfromBanuFazara. 121 CONTENTS vii TheDelegationfromBanuMurra. 121 TheDelegationfromBanilTha'laba. 121 TheDelegationfrom BanaMuhiirib. 122 TheDelegationfromBanilKiliib. 122 TheDelegationfrom BanilRU'asb. Kilab. 122 TheDelegationfrom BanilcAqilb. Kacb. 123 TheDelegationfrom BanilQushayrb. Kacb. 123 TheDelegationfrom Banaal-Bakkii'. 124 TheDelegationfrom Kinana. 124 TheDelegationfromAhsjac. 125 TheDelegationfrom Biihila. 125 TheDelegationfrom BanilSulaym. 125 TheDelegationfromBanilHiliilb, <Amir. 126 TheDelegationofBanaBakrb. WiJ'il. 126 TheDelegationfrom Taghlib. 127 DelegationsfromthepeopleofYemen. 127 TheDelegationfrom Khawlan. 127 TheDelegationfromJu'fl. 127 SECTION:ONTHEARRIvALOFTHEDELEGATIONBANOAZDTOTHE MEsSENGEROFGOD(SAAS). 128 TheDelegationfrom Kinda. 129 TheDelegationofAI-Sadif. 129 TheDelegationfrom Kushayn. 129 TheDelegationofAI-SibaC• 130 The Year /0AH. 133 Chapter: Onthedispatch bytheMessengerofGod(SAASj ofKhiilidb. al-Walid. 133 ThedispatchbytheMessengerofGod(SAASj ofthecommanderstothepeopleof Yemen, invitingthemto God, AlmightyandGloriousisHe, camepriortotheJ;,ijjat al-wadiic. 135 Chapteronthedispatch bytheMessengerofGod(SAASj ofcAlib.AbuTiiliband Khalidb. al-Walidto Yemen, before~ijjatal-wadiic, 'TheFarewellPilgrimage'. 142 BOOKONTHEl;IUJATAL-WADAc, 'THEFAREWELLPILGRIMAGE',IN10AH. 149 Chapter: ltiformationonthefactthattheProphet (SAASj, madeonlyonefull pilgrimagefromMedina, havingpreviouslydepartedfOrthree'umra, 'lesser', pilgrimages. 150 Chapter: OnthedateofthedepartureoftheProphet (SAASj,fromMedina onthe ~ijjatal-wadac. 152 Chapter:A descriptionofthedepartureoftheMessengerofGod(SAASj,from Medina toMeccaforthepilgrimage. 154 Chapter: theplacefrom whichtheProphet (SAASj recitedthetalbiyya;the differingviewsonthisexpressedbythesources.Andthelikelytruthregardingthis. 162 viii THELIFEOFTHEPROPHETMUl:lAMMAD ReferencetothosewhostatethattheProphet (SAASj adoptedtheIbramfrom theMosqueatDhual-lfulayfaafterthePrayer. 162 Chapter: OnadiscussionandexaminationofhowtheProphet (SAASjperformed thepilgrimage, whetherasthebajjal-ifrad, theal-tamattu', ortheal-qiran. 167 ACCOUNTSINDICATINGTHATTHEPROPHET(SAAS)PERFORMEDTHEHAJJ AL-IFRAD. 167 ACCOUNTOFJABIRB. 'ABoALLAHSUPPORTINGHISHAVINGPERFORMEDTHE IcIAJJAL-IFRAD. 170 THEACCOUNTOF'ABoAlLAHB. 'UMARREGARDINGTHEHAJJAL-IFRAD. 171 THEACCOUNTOFIBN'ABBASFORTHEIcIAJJAL-IFRAD. 171 ReferencetothosewhostatethattheProphet (SAASj performedthebajj al-Tamattu'. 172 ACCOUNTSOFTHEPILGRIMAGEASNARRATEDBYTIIOSEWHOMAINTAINTHAT THEMESSENGEROFGoo(SAAS)PERFORMEDTHEIcIAJJAL-QIRAN,ALONGWITH THERELEVANTAlclADlTH. 179 THEACCOUNTOFTHECOMMANDEROFTHEBELIEVERS,'UMARB. AL-KHATfAB, MAYGooBEPLEASEDWITHHIM. 179 ANACCOUNTRELATINGTOTHETWOCOMMANDERSOFTHEBELIEVERS, 'UTHMANAND'Au,MAYGooBEPLEASEDWITHTHEMBOTH. 181 THEACCOUNTOFANASB.MALIK,MAYGooBEPLEASEDWITHHIM. 182 Bakrb.'AbdAllahal-Muzani. 183 Thiibital-Bunani. 183 lfumaydb. Tiruwayh al-Ta';'il. 183 lfumaydb. Hiliilal-'Adawial-Bafri. 184 FromZaydb.Aslam. 184 FromSalimb.Abual-Ja'dai-GhatAflinial-Kuft. 185 FromSulaymanb. Tarkhanal-Taymi. 186 FromSuwaydb.lfujayr. 186 From'AbdAllahb. ZaydAbuQjlabaal-Jarmi. 186 From'Abdal-'Azizb. Suhayb. 187 From'Alib. Zaydb.Jud'an. 187 FromQatiidab. Da'amaal-Sadiisi. 187 FromMUf'abb. Sulaymal-Zubayri, theirfreed-man. 187 From Yabya b. Isbaqal-lfaqrami. 187 FromAbuAsma'al-Sayqal. 188 FromAbuQudamaal-lfanaft;hisnameisalsogivenasMubammadb. 'Ubayd. 188 Thelfadithofal-Bara'b. <Azibonthebajjal-Qjran. 189 CONTENTS ix THEACCOUNTOF]ABIRB. 'ABDALLAH,MAYGoDBEPLEASEDWITHHIM. 189 A difftrentlineoftransmissionfromJabir. 190 THEACCOUNTOFABuTALI;IAZAYDB. SAHLAL-ANgARl,MAYGoDBE PLEASEDWITHHIM. 190 THEACCOUNTOFSURAQAB. MALIKB.]U'SHUM. 191 THEACCOUNTOFSA'DB.ABoWAQQ.AgFROMTHEPROPHET(SAAS),TOTHE EFFEGrTIIATHEPERFORMEDmEI;IAJJWITHTHE(UMRA,THISCONSTITUTING THE!;IAJJAL-QIRAN. 191 THEACCOUNTOF'ABDALLAHB.ABuAWFA. 192 THEACffiUNTOF'ABDALLAHB. 'ABBASONTHISSUBJECT. 192 THEACffiUNTOF'ABDALLAH,SONOF'UMAR,MAYGoDBEPLEASEDWITH THEMBOTH. 193 THEACffiUNTOF'lMRANB.!:IUgAYN,MAYGoDBEPLEASEDWITHHIM. 194 THEACffiUNTOFAL-HiRMAsB. ZIYADAL-BAHILI. 194 THEACCOUNTOF!:IAFgA,DAUGHTEROF'UMAR, 'THEMOTHEROFTHE BELIEVERS',MAYGODBEPLEASEDWITHHER. 195 1l-IEACCOUNTOF(A)ISHA,'THEMOTHEROFTHEBELIEVERS',MAYGoDBE PLEASEDWITHHER. 196 ACffiUNTSSUBSTANTIATINGTHOSESTATINGTHATTHEMEsSENGEROFGOD (SAAS)ANNOUNCEDTHESTATEOFI!;IRAMANDDIDNOTINITIALLYSPEOFYA !;IAJJORAN'UMRA,ANDTHENTHEREAFTERRENDEREDITSPECIFIC. 201 ANACffiUNTOFTHEREOTATIONOFTHETALB'Y¥AMADEBYTHEMESSENGER OFGoD(SAAS). 203 ThelfadithofJabirB. 'AbdAllah, mayGodbepleasedwithhim, onthebijja oftheMessengerofGod(SAAS). 207 ANACffiUNTOFTHOSEPLACESINWHICHTHEMESSENGEROFGoD(SAAS) PRAYEDWHILETRAVELLINGFROMMEDINATOMECCAONHIS'UMRAAND HIS!;IAJJ. 213 Chapter: TheentryoftheProphet (SAAS) intoMecca, mayGodtheAlmightyand Glorious, honouritwell. 215 DescriptionsoftheCircumambulationsmadebytheMessengerofGod (SAAS). 217