STEWART INDIAN SCHOOL ORAL HISTORY PROJECT THE LAST COACH OF THEM ALL: AN INTERVIEW WITH ROBEY WILLIS Interviewed by Terri McBride Transcribed by Barbara L. Zeigler Funded by: Nevada Indian Commission © Funded by: Copyright 2017 Nevada Indian Commission 5366 Snyder Avenue Carson City, Nevada 89701 The Last Coach of Them All: An Interview with Robey Willis Robey Willis started up the Stewart boxing program that had languished since 1948, and coached some champions in the boxing program who ultimately competed for spots on the 1976 Olympic Boxing team. He coached the Stewart boxers 1969–1980, when the school closed for good. He was also the assistant football coach at Stewart Indian School from 1969 to 1976. “Coach” Willis taught U.S. History and Civics classes to juniors and seniors at Stewart. He obviously loved working with the students and he was well-liked in return. After working for the Bureau of Indian Affairs for a short time at Stewart after the school operations ended, Robey became a Municipal Judge in Carson City, only recently retiring. He lives in Carson City. My name is Terri McBride. It is Thursday, took to Alaska and later worked at a mill, and March 9, 2017. We are at the home of Robey eventually a tugboat captain. On the other side, Willis. The interview is with Robey Willis, a Grandpa Jones, Burt Jones, was a farmer and a former employee at the Stewart Indian School. college graduate. My Grandma Willis was an We will be discussing his experiences as an RN; she had a degree too, on that side. He also employee there. This interview is conducted for had played college sports and was a professional the Nevada Indian Commission and will be baseball player until he was 41, a little minor’s archived at the Stewart Indian School Cultural league and he bought part of the team. He Center, the Nevada State Library and Archives, wanted to go to Stanford, but his parents said no, and Special Collections at the University of and he had to stay there; he was accepted, I Nevada, Reno. guess. Anyway, my mother, she’s still alive, she’s 94 and lives next door to my sister in Personal background is where I would like to Seattle. She’s fine, doing fine. She’ll be 95 in start with you. What year were you born and June. They’re coming down, my sister and her where? family and my mom. July 24, 1942, Bellingham, Washington. Good! How old were you when you started Where did you grow up? working at Stewart? In Bellingham, Mt. Vernon, and Seattle. Twenty-six. I turned twenty-seven two weeks later. Mt. Vernon? In Washington or Virginia? Did you happen to meet your spouse there? Washington. No. We were married; we married relatively Tell me a little bit about your family history. young. I was twenty-three and she was twenty, What were your mother’s and father’s names in Seattle. and where did they come from? Did you have kids, little kids, when you started They’re both from Whatcom County, working at Stewart? Bellingham and my dad was a shoe man. He had a shoe store in Bellingham and one in Mt. No, our daughter was born here, end of March in Vernon. When we moved to Seattle, he worked 1970. That’s our only child. My wife had some for others and then he had a Florsheim franchise. problems and she had to have an early My Grandpa Robey, he had fishing boats that he hysterectomy and so that ended that. So our daughter will be 47 on the 29th. She was born on Stewart Indian School Oral History Project: Robey Willis Easter Sunday. We were living out at Stewart So, we got offered—this fellow named Ed and she kept saying, “we gotta go!” I kept Gorman and I—we both got offered job at either saying, “No we’ve had some false problems Sherman Institute in Riverside or Stewart Indian before. No, we’re not going to wake up the School in Carson City, Nevada. I said, “I’m not doctor at 3 o’clock in Easter Sunday morning.” going to Riverside.” I was in Southern Finally about 5:30 or 6, I had to call and got her California at boot camp for the Marine Corps ready and by that time the kids were going up to and didn’t like it then and I’m glad I didn’t make the cross behind Stewart for sunrise services, the that choice. It was kind of funny, the woman kids from Stewart. So, I got her to the hospital, said, “Well, that’s just an old western town, little town that it was, and still is, to a degree. Carson City.” I said, “That will fit me just fine.” The [Nevada] Appeal came and took her picture. So, we came at the end of June that year and we My wife, Barbara, and my daughter, Liz, were had to check in by June 30th because the fiscal on the front page of the Appeal. Coming from a year ended; at that time it was June 30th. big city like Seattle, the first Easter baby born Coming over the hill into Carson, Barb [Robey’s isn’t such a big deal but they got all sorts of gifts wife] said, “I’m giving this place six months.” and so on. It was kind of a neat deal. We’ve been here . . . it’ll be 48 years this summer. She grew to love it. She became the Special baby! What did you do before working State Personnel Director, part of Governor at Stewart? Miller’s cabinet. Well, lots of things. Let’s see . . . I worked on I was teaching history and civics. That was my the waterfront in Seattle, going to night school major, U.S. history anyway, and I was the and so on. Finally, when we got married, my assistant football coach for a guy named Bill wife says, “It’s time for you to go to school full Whipple, who was Director of Education. Bud time and finish.” I did, and so the first job I got Allen and I . . . I don’t know if you’ve run into was with the federal government, first teaching Bud Allen or not, good people. He’s still job. I taught on this Urban Teacher Training alive—he’s over at Stillwater, east of Fallon. Program for a year at Garfield High, where His boy, Sonny, was a fullback up at UNR, Jimmy Hendrix went. It was during the ‘60’s Shoshone. I think he’s the county clerk-recorder and lots of things were going on in the world as or something over in Churchill [County, far as the school and so on. But, we made it. Nevada] now. Sonny Allen is. Anyway, Bud’s With that background, I got a job with the feds got a farm out there. teaching in Minnesota for a Job Corps outside The next year, Bud took over as the football Detroit Lakes, Minnesota, Tamarack Job Corps. coach and I was his assistant through many We got there on Super Bowl Sunday. It was 42 changes in the football program. We went from degrees below zero with a wind chill factor and a good team to a lousy one and I was the only we’d gone from plane to Minneapolis, little thing that stayed. plane to Fargo, and then got on a train and went fifty miles east to Detroit Lakes, Minnesota. It The first winter I was there, the first fall, I asked was Super Bowl Sunday. It was early in those Bill Whipple—I saw all the trophies, the most days. It was the first full weekend, I think, in trophies for anything were for boxing. They January. My wife said, “Let’s get on the train hadn’t had a program, let’s see this was ’69, in and go back home.” But we didn’t. So, we had probably 15, maybe 20 years, not quite twenty a good time there, teaching there. Beautiful, 240 years but it was quite a while. He said, “Sure.” lakes in that county. But, the school closed at I had boxed off and on as a kid up until the time the end of June. I left Seattle in January of 1969. I had an amateur fight that weekend before I left. It was 2 Stewart Indian School Oral History Project: Robey Willis in the family. My dad had boxed in the Navy another kid or two from Stewart on that team. and taught all as kids and I boxed for different That time was the National Indian Activities groups. I wasn’t the world’s greatest and never Association team. Ron Johnson and his wife pretended to be but I knew how. Sometimes had founded that and Billy Mills was involved. you’re a better teacher if you’re not the world’s There was sports all over the country for Indian greatest talent. So, he [Bill Whipple] said, kids they had developed. It was wonderful! We “Sure.” So, we got started that winter. In went to Shreveport representing the National December we had some matches to decide who Indian, I guess it was, Athletic Association. was going to be on the team. The school turned While I was there, there was a day when there out and I took the team to Elko. They had a was not too much going on for my kids, so I team up in Elko. Then Bishop [California] came went over to the national AAU meeting for the that winter. We had what was called the Silver boxing. They were trying to decide where to put Gloves in February and Carson had started a the west and the east Olympic trials. We had team again and it just started exploding again. gotten a new gym, the brand new Stewart gym We won Silver Gloves as a team. In a few years in 1974, and I said, “I think we could host it and we brought the Golden Gloves back. I think I can get one of the casinos to put the From there, 1974, two of my kids won the San kids and coaches up from west of the Francisco Golden Gloves. Billy Turner won, Mississippi that wanted to come, pretty too, but he was boxing for Bishop at that time. reasonably, at the Ormsby House. So, I called John Kinsey was his coach. He and Louie Bill Whipple. He was still Education Director Torres were also on the team that went to San and he said, “Yeah!” Van Peters was there too Francisco. There were eleven weight classes in as the Superintendent of the school. Van those days and we won six of them from our definitely okayed it. He was from here, had team in the Sierra Nevada. I mean, that made a been the quarterback at Carson High and was splash because people didn’t realize, I mean the Washoe. He had been the quarterback at UNR. Bay Area has millions of people, in Northern Very interested in sports. So, both of them said, California. So, we did good and two of our kids “Yeah! We can have it.” So, I told them we’d went on to Knoxville, Tennessee, to the finals, take it. Detroit got the east. Nobody put in for the national AAU tournament, from winning the the west but us, so we got it. That’s June, I San Francisco Golden Gloves. Two of the kids believe it was, early June of ‘76. Kids from all from Stewart. over the west came to Stewart. The year before we’d put on the National Indian tournament Then the next year, 1975, I was named the U.S. there. We did that two, three, four maybe, years coach for the U.S. team to fight the Soviet at Stewart because that new gym was so Union. We fought the Soviet Union up at what wonderful. It started off the first day or two the casino was called at that time, the Sierra with three rings, there were so many kids. Then Tahoe. They trained at our gym. Those guys it got down to two and down to one. from the Soviet Union were pros; there was just no doubt about it. We lost, six to one, but two I coached, and there were assistant coaches too, of my kids got to box against the Soviet Union. but I coached the team to Cincinnati to the Olympic finals to see who was going to make The next year, ’76, no, ’75, later that year we the American team. It was held in Montreal that went again to the national AAU tournament in year. The Soviets had refused to come, I Shreveport, Louisiana. By that time, Billy remember that. But anyway, I had Billy Turner Turner was on our team. He went to the and Adrian Dennis. The guy at Riverfront semifinals of the nationals that year. I think Coliseum, big place, it was just beautiful, he’d won three or four bouts by that time. I had Riverfront Coliseum. . . . On the front of the 3 Stewart Indian School Oral History Project: Robey Willis program was Roger Stafford, all-military some bouts in Europe. This fight, we were all champion. They had four military branches, downtown watching it on a television national Golden Gloves, national AAU, eastern downtown. Friends, family members, winners from Detroit, and our winners. That’s everybody was watching Adrian and the Russian eight kids in each bracket, or whatever you want fight. Right before Adrian’s fight, there were to say. Roger Stafford, the all-military three American judges and two Soviet judges. champion, was Billy’s first opponent. Billy The American should never have won that fight. knocked him out! I mean, he was the man on The Russian got screwed, or the guy from the the program! We get to the semifinals. Adrian Soviet Union, three to two. So, Adrian’s next won his first match against a guy he’d already and I’m thinking, “Adrian, you’ve got to knock beaten in the San Francisco Golden Gloves, a him out,” because now there’s three Soviet Navy guy from Vallejo [California]. Adrian judges with two American judges, remember won his next bout. Billy ran into Howard Davis, how things were in those days. As the fight who was the number-one ranked in the country wore on, Adrian wore him out and knocked him at that weight class; Billy’s lightweight. He had down twice. The fight ended and I thought, him beat. I was sitting next to Rolly Schwartz, “There’s no way!” They gave it to the Soviet, the director of boxing for the AAU. Howard three to two. People were going nuts! I got a was from New York, the referee was from New letter from an Italian couple from Sacramento. York. Halfway through the third and final One of them threw the spaghetti up onto the amateur round, the kid started throwing real fast ceiling in their family room where they were uppercuts with nothing on them. We used to watching it! (laughs) So, that was that! call it “shoe shining,” and the referee stopped Then Adrian graduated in ’77 and went on to the fight! Rolly jumped out of his seat and ran Haskell in Kansas. Then he had some problems to the ring, telling the guy. But it was too late! and some Christian veterinarians found him So, Howard Davis won the Gold Medal that down at the edge of Grand Canyon. He was year. He beat Aaron Pryor later and became the thinking about offing himself. They got him world champion. He beat him in the finals of straightened out and he graduated from Northern [unintelligible] boxing, but Billy had him beat. Arizona and became a Baptist missionary. He Adrian Dennis went on to the finals, fought came through town once with his family. We Louis Curtis from Washington D.C., 106 went up to listen to him. He was headed to pounds, light flyweight. Adrian truly did lose Washington state. He was just really grown up that fight. It was the only year he’d ever boxed! and had turned into a wonderful guy. He’d never seen a fight until he was in one. His mom was a teacher down at the Hopi The school closed in 1980. I had coached from reservation, I don’t think he’d ever seen a fight. ‘69 to ‘79. They were telling us it was going to The kid beat him because he knew how to box. close, I wasn’t going to mess around anymore. He was [unintelligible], Adrian chased him the The school closed in 1980. There had been whole way but could never land enough. some other kids who were real good boxers and actually, I took a number of kids to the nationals. Then Louis . . . after the Olympics . . . then . . . But anyway, the school closed in 1980 and I Adrian did make the Olympic team as the stayed. There were two of us that stayed. A guy alternate. He was the alternate at 106 pounds. named Bud Heron, who was the Athletic So when Louis retired in . . . that would’ve been Director and the basketball coach, had been the the fall of ’76, when they took the American Marine Corps in World War II and I had been in team to Europe, they took Adrian. They fought the service. So that helped us. We stayed at the all over Europe. Then he was on the national Indian agency out there. We were both in the televised fight with the Soviet Union. He won Education Department getting local Indian kids 4 Stewart Indian School Oral History Project: Robey Willis into trade schools and colleges and so on, education specialists. Robey Willis (center) training with students Ed Lewis (left) and Doyle Schurz. Nevada Appeal, November 20, 1970. Courtesy of Robey Willis. In the fall of 1983, the Justice of the Peace, Board by then. From ‘81 to ‘89 I served on that. Municipal Judge here in town, Tom Davis, died I had to stand for election twice. of pancreatic cancer. My wife said—they Anyway, this was December of ‘83 when they moved John Ray, who was the Juvenile Special finally made the decision for me to take the job, Master, which is like the Juvenile Judge, here in basically the juvie judge and two days a week of town and Associate Municipal Judge, to hear municipal to help out John Ray now he was municipal court cases two days a week. My going to be Justice of the Peace and Municipal wife says, “Why don’t you put in for that, Judge, because he moved over there. So I did Robey?” I said, “Geez, I make it to 50 and I get that. They kept sending me up to the National a retirement from the feds.” They had that bill Judicial College, right up here at UNR. Paul in that since Indian preference was given in jobs Laxalt brought it here when he was Governor. in those days, those who weren’t Indians could The only one in the country! I went as much as get out after so many years, I think it was 50. I could to learn ‘cuz this was a totally different She said, “No, you’re not going to be happy profession for me than what I’d done. I did that retiring at 50 and so put in for it!” So, I got the for five years. John Ray retired. job! I was already on the Carson City School 5 Stewart Indian School Oral History Project: Robey Willis In December of 1988 the Board of Supervisors President’s Day. We moved into town on that appointed me the Justice of the Peace and day of 1975. Municipal Judge. Even though the salary was I stayed there teaching until the school closed, about the same and you have to stand for like I said, I stayed there until December of ‘83 election, I decided I’d move up—not move and I took that job effective of January of ‘84. up—but I’d go over to the adult court with some of the kids I’d had that had moved on up to the Actually, you’ve answered several of my adult system! (laughs) Most of the kids I saw as questions, which is great! That’s fine, because juveniles, they grew up. Others, they just grew we want to go with the organic flow of this. Just older and I saw them in court for years. I still tell me, real briefly, about your military hold court every once in a while. I did this past experience. week on Tuesday. So it’s 33 years I’ve done I was just in the Marine Corps Reserves. I went that. to boot camp down in San Diego. Nothing was Anyway, back to Stewart. Teaching U.S. history going on in the world at that time except the the and civics. It was very interesting. They used to Cold War, you know. have teacher of the year. You could win every Were you drafted? other year. I was very fortunate the years I was there, ‘69 to ‘80, that I won it four times. No. Sixty-two, it was 1962. Maurice Harris and I both won it. Apparently, they had a male and a female both years. She You enlisted. was great; a black lady who I think moved to I enlisted in ‘62 in September. Herlong [California] to work with feds, I think, after the school closed. I really enjoyed teaching So between wars. out there. As the school was closing, I was one Yeah, in fact a buddy and I were downtown in of the few people left. For the last few months . ‘63 and we were going to go home and then go . . I already had a Master’s up here from school to Reserve meetings later. We went to a movie at UNR. Bill Whipple told me early on, “You’re instead of getting into trouble that night. We just going to make a great principal.” I got the wanted to get out, you know? We got out of the degree and Indian preference passed and that movie theater and there were these guys wearing didn’t happen until the school was closing. In these battle ribbons. There hadn’t been anything the last few months when I was one of the only since Korea. We went over and talked to these ones here! So, I was the last principal that they guys and they said they were observers in had at the school for two months, I think. Vietnam. Our unit, this friend of mine, Dennis (laughs) Anderson and I were together for six years in Anyway, I had a great time. We lived in a Reserves in Seattle. Our unit never got called fourplex at Stewart from ‘69 for a few years. up. We were a shore party and they weren’t The first house as you come in on the left, Bob landing shore party platoons like they were in and Mary Kinney lived there. They got divorced World War II and Korea, in Vietnam. and left. Great people but it just didn’t work out Did you know American Indians before working and so we moved in that house. As people come at Stewart? in [to the campus] the church is on one side and the house is on the left side. It was a wonderful Oh, yeah! house. The rent was good except the pipes clanked, the heating pipes. We lived there until, Okay, just growing up in Washington? oh gosh, we moved in, I think it was still called Washington’s birthday at that time instead of 6 Stewart Indian School Oral History Project: Robey Willis Robey Willis, Carson City, June 1, 2017. Yeah. My grandpa’s farm, which I spent a lot of about you? What was your first impression of time on, almost bordered on the Lummi Stewart when you got there? reservation in northern Washington. My cousin Well, it was a beautiful campus. I’d played and I would go down to the little town of football as a kid but I didn’t know, a few days Marietta, which was predominately Indians and after I got there they drafted me to be the we’d play with the kids down there and so on assistant coach. I liked playing it but I hated when we weren’t working on the farm. We’d go practice and that’s what you do most of the time! out to what they called the stamish [?], which (laughs) It was so boring! Practice, and then I was a big Indian celebration out at Gooseberry had to do it for a number of years. But yeah, it Point, the salt water. We’d watch the canoe was a beautiful campus. It was like living in a races. It was really neat! Grandpa and Grandma park. would take me out there. My Grandpa had played ball with a lot of them growing up and so How about the people there? Did you hit it off on. with the folks once you got there? Cool! Did working at Stewart change your Yeah. Max Neuneker, who became the warden feelings about Indians? of the prison out here, was one of the first people. Kinneys, Bob and Mary Kinney, and No. then the Neunekers, Barbara and Max. She was Because you grew up around them. from Schurz and had been the homecoming queen at Yerington and at UNR. A Paiute, that Yeah. Didn’t make me feel one way or the Max was married to and I guess they still are! other. Anyway, they were our friends. But before You talked about your wife’s first impression school started they got all the teachers together when you came into town, down the hill. What and we were getting our rooms ready. Max came in and he said, “Robey, I know you’ve 7 Stewart Indian School Oral History Project: Robey Willis taught other places, but I’ll give you one piece No, it was, as you come in, to the left was our of advice.” He says, “Start strict and then as stone house and next door was a wooden two- things go on you can let it out because,” he says, story. It might still be there. Two and a half “loosen things out as long as they all behave.” story. There was another stone house, smaller He said, “If you don’t, and you try to be their pal stone house. Ours wasn’t big. The big house from the first day on, it doesn’t work!” He says, was where the superintendent lived. Later the “It’s like opening up a bottle of 7-Up and trying museum and then was the agency, right next to to put the fizz back in. You can’t do it!” I saw that. that time after time. People making that mistake Did residents have gardens? in all those years I taught at Stewart. I told them when I was teaching and coaching, “I’m there to If you wanted one. I was so busy we didn’t, I help you as a teacher and a coach, but you’ve don’t think we ever planted one. People did, got other friends here. I’m an adult.” So I yeah! They had a great agricultural program. didn’t try to be buddy-buddy with kids. Kids raised animals. Your coworkers, was there a kind of Yeah, they did well in 4-H. camaraderie there? Especially since you all Yeah, they did. In fact, I’ve got a friend, Skip lived, most of you lived there. Thurman, who owned Thurman’s Ranch House Yeah, most of us lived there. Some lived in Restaurant until it closed a few years ago, and town and other places but there was a Roger Sam, who was the agricultural teacher, camaraderie. People had come from all over. had helped him with his 4-H project. He’d go There were Indians, whites, blacks teaching out to Stewart with his pigs. (laughs) Roger’s there. Albert and Waldene Tyler come from the up at Pyramid [Lake]. deep South, black people. Leonard Dickerson, Yes, he is. People have told me about him. That the counselor, was black and his wife was I need to find him. Japanese. So, we had everybody out there, you know? It was nice, it was very nice! Good people. His daughter, Shawn, I believe she’s now retired from DMV. She was teaching, It was just a high school when you were there. she was not teaching but she worked for DMV A junior high and high school when you were as the person who’d give the driver’s tests to there. Or were there little kids there still too? kids. No, you’re right. It was junior high and high That must have been fun! school. Seven through twelve, I’m pretty sure. I taught juniors in high school with U.S. history. She’s up there at Pyramid now. I saw them at a Government and civics was seniors, I believe. funeral not long ago. Oh, and he was in a picture of that Honor flight going to Your description of people coming from all over Washington, D.C. He was right on that front the country, that just wouldn’t have happened at page. The Honor Flight of all Indian people. It a regular high school. was on the front of the Reno Gazette Journal. No. You’d have had just the locals, pretty Yeah, that was a really neat thing. I’m glad they much. Here, being a federal school . . . all got to go. So, were there social events for the That’s interesting! You told me where you lived staff there on campus? on campus, in the quad at the first left at the Yeah! church . . . was that in the front entrance loop, where you loop around? Or was it in the back Like what? where there were several duplexes . . . ? 8