THE JOURNAL OF NUTRITION OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR NUTRITIONAL SCIENCES Editor WILLARD J. VISEK University of Illinois College of Medicine 190 Medical Sciences Bldg. 506 South Mathews Urbana, Illinois 61801 Assistant Editor KATHRYN K. HARDEN Associate Editors LINDSAY H. ALLEN JOHN D. FERNSTROM JOANNE R. LUPTON University of California - Davis Univ.of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Texas A&M University Department of Nutrition Department of Psychiatry Department of Animal Science 3113 Meyer Hall Western Psychiatric Inst. and Clinic Human Nutrition Section Davis, California 95616-8669 3811 O'Hara Street 218 Kleberg Pittsburgh, PA 15213 College Station, Texas 77843-2471 JOSEPH R. PROHASKA PETER J. REEDS JUDITH STORCH JOHN W. SUTTIE University of Minnesota - Duluth Baylor College of Medicine Rutgers University University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Biochemistry and Department of Pediatrics Cook College Departments of Biochemistry Molecular Biology Children’s Nutrition Research Center Department of Nutritional Science and Nutritiona! Sciences 10 University Drive 1100 Bates Lipman Drive - Thompson Hall 420 Henry Mall Duluth, Minnesota 55812-2487 Houston, Texas 77030 New Brunswick, NJ 08903-0231 Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Regional Correspondents Pacific Rim: Latin America and the Caribbean: Western Europe: David L. Topping Jorge L. Rosado Martin W.A. Verstegen CSIRO Division of Human Nutrition National Institute of Nutrition Department of Animai Nutrition GPO Box 10041, Gouger Street Vasco de Quiroga No 15 Agricultural University, Marijkeweg 40 Adelaide 5000 Tlalpan, Mexico City, DF 6709 PG Wageningen Australia Mexico 14000 The Netherlands Fax: 61-8-8303-8899 Fax: 525-655-1076 Fax: 0317-484260 Biographical and Historical Editors Thomas H. Jukes Kenneth J. Carpenter University of California University of California 6701 San Pablo Avenue Department of Nutritional Science Oakland, California 94608-1239 119 Morgan Hall Berkeley, California 94720-0001 Editorial Board David H. Baker Kathryn G. Dewey Judith Hallfrisch Suzanne Murphy John L. Beard George C. Fahey, Jr. Edward D. Harris Jack Odle Phyllis E. Bowen Rennie T. Franceschi Suzanne Hendrich Andrew M. Prentice Linda J. Brady Susan K. Fried Clement Ip Robert D. Reynolds lan Bremner Kevin L. Fritsche Farook Jahoor Neal E. Rowland Tim Byers Daniel D. Gallaher Janet King Jon A. Story Alvin Chan H. Rex Gaskins Allen S. Levine Keith P. West Michael T. Clandinin Stephen R. Glore Alice H. Lichtenstein Richard J. Wood Steven K. Clinton Frank R. Greer Michael |. McBurney William D. Woodward Rosalind Coleman Jesse F. Gregory, Ill Donald B. McCormick Guoyao Wu Teresa A. Davis Hidehiko Yokogoshi VOLUME 127 JANUARY-DECEMBER 1997 PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR NUTRITIONAL SCIENCES Bethesda, Maryland THE JOURNAL OF NUTRITION® ®Trademark registered, U.S. Patent Office Copyright © 1997 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR NUTRITIONAL SCIENCES All rights reserved CONTENTS No. 1 JANUARY 1997 GUIDE TO AUTHORS Guide for Authors (Revised January 1997) Manuscript Submission and Copyright release Form ARTICLES Biochemical and Molecular Roles of Nutrients Retinoic Acid Increases Cellular Retinol Binding Protein II mRNA and Retinol Uptake in the Human Intestinal Caco- 2 Cell Line. Marc S. Levin and Alan E. Davis Butyrate Alters Activity of Specific cAMP-Receptor Proteins in a Transgenic Mouse Colonic Cell Line. Harold M. Aukema, Laurie A. Davidson, Barbara C. Pence, Yi-Hai Jiang, Joanne R. Lupton and Robert S$. Chapkin Zinc Deficiency in Adult Rats Reduces the Relative Abundance of Testis-Specific Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme mRNA. Lana Stallard and Philip G. Reeves Male Rats Fed Methyl- and Folate-Deficient Diets with or without Niacin Develop Hepatic Carcinomas Associated with Decreased Tissue NAD Concentrations and Altered Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Activity. Susanne M. Henning, Marian E. Swendseid and Walter F. Coulson Dietary (n-3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Suppress Murine Lymphoproliferation, Interleukin-2 Secretion, and the Forma- tion of Diacylglycerol and Ceramide. Christopher A. Jolly, Yi-Hai Jiang, Robert $. Chapkin and David N. McMurray Splenocyte Glutathione and CD3-Mediated Cell Proliferation Are Reduced in Mice Fed a Protein-Deficient Diet. Carla G. Taylor, Alan J. Potter and Peter S$. Rabinovitch Community and International Nutrition Early Feeding of an Energy Dense Diet during Acute Shigellosis Enhances Growth in Malnourished Children. Ramendra N. Mazumder, Syed S. Hoque, Hasan Ashraf, Iqbal Kabir and Mohammad A. Wahed Use of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Testing in Newborns to Identify lodine Deficiency. Kevin M. Sullivan, Warwick May, Dale Nordenberg, Robin Houston and Glen F. Maberly Breast-Feeding Status Alters the Effect of Vitamin A Treatment During Acute Diarrhea in Children. Nita Bhandari, Rajiv Bahl, Sunil Sazawal and Maharaj K. Bhan Human and Clinical Nutrition Consumption of a High Fat Diet Impairs Reproductive Performance in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Maureen A. Shaw, Kathleen M. Rasmussen and Tami R. Myers Parenteral Zinc Supplementation in Adult Humans during the Acute Phase Response Increases the Febrile Response. Carol L. Braunschweig, Maryfran Sowers, Debra S. Kovacevich, Gretchen M. Hill and David A. August Weight Loss Is Greater with Consumption of Large Morning Meals and Fat-Free Mass Is Preserved with Large Evening Meals in Women on a Controlled Weight Reduction Regimen. Nancy L. Keim, Marta D. Van Loan, William F. Horn, Teresa F. Barbieri and Patrick L. Mayclin Erythocyte Incorporation of Iron Is Similar in Infants Fed Formulas Fortified with 12 mg/L or 8 mg/L of Iron. Samuel J. Fomon, Ekhard E. Ziegler, Robert E. Serfass, Steven E. Nelson and Joan A. Frantz Differentiation of Ingested and Endogenous Bifidobacteria by DNA Fingerprinting Demonstrates the Survival of an Unmodified Strain in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Humans. Martin J. Kullen, Mary M. Amann, Matthew J. O'Shaughnessy, Daniel J. O’Sullivan, Francis F. Busta and Linda J. Brady Nutrient Metabolism A Compartmental Model Depicting Short-Term Kinetic Changes in Selenium Metabolism in Ewes Fed Hay Containing Normal or Inadequate Levels of Selenium. Cuddalore R. Krishnamurti, Charles F. Ramberg, Jr., Mohammed A. Shariff and Raymond C. Boston Vitamin E Improves the Free Radical Defense System Potential and Insulin Sensitivity of Rats Fed High Fructose Diets. Patrice Faure, Eliane Rossini, Jean Luc Lafond, Marie Jeanne Richard, Alain Favier and Serge Halimi iv Energy Values of Non-Starch Polysaccharides: Comparative Studies in Humans and Rats. Elisabeth Wisker, Knud Erik Bach Knudsen, Martina Daniel, Bjérn O. Eggum and Walter Feldheim Vitamin B-6 Normalizes the Altered Sulfur Amino Acid Status of Rats Fed Diets Containing Pharmacological Levels of Niacin without Reducing Niacin’s Hypolipidemic Effects. Tapan K. Basu and Sarabjit Mann Dietary Manipulation of Plasma Carotenoid Concentrations of Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). D. Max Snodderly, Binghua Shen, Richard I. Land and Norman I. Krinsky Selected Indigestible Oligosaccharides Affect Large Bowel Mass, Cecal and Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids, pH and Microflora in Rats. Joy M. Campbell, George C. Fahey, Jr. and Bryan W. Wolf An Enteral Formula Containing Fish Oil, Indigestible Oligosaccharides, Gum Arabic and Antioxidants Affects Plasma and Colonic Phospholipid Fatty Acid and Prostaglandin Profiles in Pigs. Joy M. Campbell, George C. Fahey, Jr., Carol A. Lichtensteiger, Stephen J. Demichele and Keith A. Garleb The Majority of Dietary Linoleate in Growing Rats is G-Oxidized or Stored in Visceral Fat. Stephen C. Cunnane and Matthew J. Anderson Lipid Metabolism Is Altered by Nebacitin in Rats Fed Cooked-Stored Polished Rice as the Only Dietary Carbohydrate with or without Exogenous Cholesterol. Hsing-Hsien Cheng and Wen-Wen Yu Nutrient Requirements and Interactions Dietary L-Glutamine Supplementation Reduces the Growth of the Morris Hepatoma 7777 in Exercise-Trained and Sedentary Rats. Leann D. Shewchuk, Vickie E. Baracos and Catherine J. Field Minimum Thiamin Requirement of Weanling Sprague-Dawley Outbred Rats. Tia M. Rains, Jason L. Emmert, David H. Baker and Neil F. Shay Sodium Mercaptoacetate Is Not a Useful Probe to Study the Role of Fat in Regulation of Feed Intake in Dairy Cattle. Byung-Ryul Choi, Donald L. Palmquist and Michael S. Allen lron Uptake by Isolated Human Enterocyte Suspensions in Vitro is Dependent on Body Iron Stores and Inhibited by Other Metal Cations. William P. Goddard, Kathryn Coupland, Julie A. Smith and Richard G. Long Neuroscience and Nutrition Arachidonic Acid Offsets the Effects on Mouse Brain and Behavior of a Diet with a Low (n-6):(n-3) Ratio and Very High Levels of Docosahexaenoic Acid. P. E. Wainwright, H.-C. Xing, L. Mutsaers, D. McCutcheon and D. Kyle .. . LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Methionine and 2-Hydroxy-4-Methylthiobutanoic Acid Transport. Joseph Lerner A Response to Dr. Lerner. David D. Maenz No. 2 FEBRUARY 1997 ARTICLES Biographical Article E. L. Robert Stokstad (1913-1995). Barry Shane and Kenneth J. Carpenter Biochemical and Moiecular Roles of Nutrients Fetal Exposure to Low Protein Maternal Diet Alters the Susceptibility of Young Adult Rats to Sulfur Dioxide-Induced Lung Injury. Simon C. Langley-Evans, Gary J. Phillips and Alan A. Jackson Food Restriction Reduces Aflatoxin B, (AFB, )-DNA Adduct Formation, AFB,-Glutathione Conjugation, and DNA Damage in AFB,-Treated Male F344 Rats and B6C3F, Mice. Ming W. Chou and Wen Chen Lecithin:Retinol Acyltransferase and Retinyl Ester Hydrolase Activities Are Differentially Regulated by Retinoids and Have Distinct Distributions between Hepatocyte and Nonparenchymal Cell Fractions of Rat Liver. Tomokazu Matsuura, Mohamed Z. Gad, Earl H. Harrison and A. Catharine Ross Dietary Fat and Protein Intake Differ in Modulation of Prostate Tumor Growth, Prolactin Secretion and Metabolism, and Prostate Gland Prolactin Binding Capacity in Rats. Steven K. Clinton, Anthony L. Mulloy, Shirley P. Li, Heather J. Mangian and Willard J. Visek Dietary Iron Intake Modulates the Activity of Iron Regulatory Proteins and the Abundance of Ferritin and Mitochondrial Aconitase in Rat Liver. Opal S. Chen, Kevin L. Schalinske and Richard S. Eisenstein Inhibiting A9-Desaturase Activity Impairs Triacylglycerol Secretion in Cultured Chicken Hepatocytes. Philippe Legrand, Daniel Catheline, Marie-Claire Fichot and Philippe Lemarchal Copper Deficiency Reduces Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Production and IL-2 mRNA in Human T-Lymphocytes. Robin G. Hopkins and Mark L. Failla Dietary Genistein Exerts Estrogenic Effects upon the Uterus, Mammary Gland and the Hypothalamic/Pituitary Axis in Rats. Ross C. Santell, Yu Chen Chang, Muralee G. Nair and William G. Helferich Differences in Tryptophan Binding to Hepatic Nuclei of NZBWF, and Swiss Mice: Insight into Mechanism of Tryptophan’s Effects. Herschel Sidransky and Ethel Verney The Promoter Regulatory Regions of the Genes for the Cytosolic Form of Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP) from the Chicken and the Rat Have Different Species-Specific Roles in Gluconeogenesis. Summer P. Savon, Parvin Hakimi, Deborah R. Crawford, Dwight J. Klemm, Austin L. Gurney and Richard W. Hanson The Protective Effect of the Olive Oil Polyphenol (3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-ethanol Counteracts Reactive Oxygen Metabo- lite—Induced Cytotoxicity in Caco-2 Cells. Caterina Manna, Patrizia Galletti, Valeria Cucciolla, Ornella Moltedo, Arturo Leone and Vincenzo Zappia Community and International Nutrition Serum Ferritin, Erythrocyte Protoporphyrin and Hemoglobin Are Valid Indicators of Iron Status of School Children in a Malaria-Holoendemic Population. Rebecca J. Stoltzfus, Hababu M. Chwaya, Marco Albonico, Kerry J. Schulze, Lorenzo Savioli and James M. Tielsch Total Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity Level of Lactating Mesoamerindians. Nancy F. Butte, Lourdes Barbosa, Salvador Villalpando, William W. Wong and E. O. Smith A Randomized Intervention Study of the Effects of Discontinuing Coffee Intake on Growth and Morbidity of Iron- Deficient Guatemalan Toddlers. Kathryn G. Dewey, Maria Eugenia Romero-Abal, Julieta Quan de Serrano, Jesus Bulux, Janet M. Peerson, Patrice Engle and Noel W. Solomons Age-Specific Determinants of Stunting in Filipino Children. Linda S$. Adair and David K. Guilkey Human and Clinical Nutrition Evidence of a Role for Fat-Free Body Mass in Modulation of Plasma Carotenoid Concentrations in Older Men: Studies with Hydrodensitometry. Y. Isabel Zhu, Wen-Ching Hsieh, Robert S. Parker, Laurie A. Herraiz, Jere D. Haas, Joy E. Swanson and Daphne A. Roe Production of Egg Proteins, Enriched with L-Leucine-°C, , for the Study of Protein Assimilation in Humans Using the Breath Test Technique. Pieter Evenepoel, Martin Hiele, Anja Luypaerts, Benny Geypens, Johan Buyse, Eddy Decuypere, Paul Rutgeerts and Yvo Ghoos Diet Fat Saturation and Feeding State Modulate Rates of Cholesterol Synthesis in Normolipidemic Men. M. J. Patricia Mazier and Peter J. H. Jones Glucose Does Not Facilitate the Absorption of Sorbitol Perfused In Situ in the Human Small Intestine. L. Beaugerie, B. Flourié, P. Pernet, L. Achour, C. Franchisseur, andJ .C . Rambaud Low Serum Vitamin B-12 Concentrations Are Associated With Faster Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV- 1) Disease Progression. Alice M. Tang, Neil M. H. Graham, Ranjit K. Chandra and Alfred J. Saah Nutrient Metabolism Roasted Soybeans and an Estrogenic Growth Promoter Affect the Thyroid Status of Beef Steers. Theron S. Rumsey, Theodore H. Elsasser and Stanislaw Kahl Dietary Guar Gum Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. David Cameron-Smith, Raymundo Habito, Michael Barnett and Gregory R. Collier The Pig Is an Appropriate Model for Human Biotin Catabolism as Judged by the Urinary Metabolite Profile of Radioiso- tope-Labeled Biotin. Donald M. Mock, Kuen-Shian Wang and Gregory L. Kearns Nutrient Requirements and Interactions Diet-Induced Changes in Liver and Bile but Not Brain Fatty Acids Can Be Predicted from Differences in Plasma Phospho- lipid Fatty Acids in Formula- and Milk-Fed Piglets. France M. Rioux, Sheila M. Innis, Roger Dyer and Murray MacKinnon LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Comments on the Paper by Rauma et al. (1995). Donald R. Davis Comments on the Paper by Rauma et al. (1995). Pieter C. Dagnelie Reply to the Letters of Davis and Dagnelie. Anna-Liisa Rauma, Hannu Mykkdnen, Riitta Térrénen, and Osmo Hanninen Announcements No. 3 MARCH 1997 ARTICLES Critical Review Prevention of Cardiac Arrhythmia by Dietary (n-3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Their Mechanism of Action. Sudheera §. D. Nair, James W. Leitch, John Falconer and Manohar L. Garg Biochemical and Molecular Roles of Nutrients Selenium Influences Tissue Levels of Selenoprotein W in Sheep. Jan-Ying Yeh, Qui-Ping Gu, Michael A. Beilstein, Neil E. Forsberg and Philip D. Whanger Glucose-Induced Insulin Secretion Is Impaired and Insulin-Induced Phosphorylation of the Insulin Receptor and Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 Are Increased in Protein-Deficient Rats. Marise A. B. Reis, Everardo M. Carneiro, Maria A! R. Mello, A. Carlos Boschero, Mario J. A. Saad and Licio A. Velloso The Actions of Polynucleotides on Effector Stage Cloned Murine T-Helper Cells Differ in Each Subset and Depend on Antigen Concentration. Harumi Jyonouchi and Sining Sun Suckling Induces Rapid Intestinal Growth and Changes in Brush Border Digestive Functions of Newborn Pigs. Hongzheng Zhang, Christiane Malo, and Randal K. Buddington Reduction in the Quantity of the Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor Is Sufficient to Account for the Low Concentration of Intestinal Secretory Immunoglobulin A in a Weanling Mouse Model of Wasting Protein-Energy Malnutrition. Choi-Lan Ha and Bill Woodward Community and International Nutrition Breast-Feeding Lowers the Frequency and Duration of Acute Respiratory Infection and Diarrhea in Infants under Six Months of Age. Mardya Lépez-Alarcén, Salvador Villalpando and Arturo Fajardo Human and Clinical Nutrition Administration of Transgalacto-Oligosaccharides Increases Fecal Bifidobacteria and Modifies Colonic Fermentation Me- tabolism in Healthy Humans. Yoram Bouhnik, Bernard Flourié, Laurence D’ Agay-Abensour, Philippe Pochart, Genevieve Gramet, Michéle Durand and Jean-Claude Rambaud Diet and Carcinogen Alter the Fecal Microbial Populations of Rats. Kenneth G. Maciorowski, Nancy D. Turner, Joanne R. Lupton, Robert S. Chapkin, Casendra L. Shermer, Sang D. Ha and Steven C. Ricke Nutrient Metabolism Maternal Lipid Intake During Pregnancy and Lactation Alters Milk Composition and Production and Litter Growth in Rats. Martha Del Prado, Guadalupe Delgado and Salvador Villalpando Native and Partially Hydrolyzed Psyllium Have Comparable Effects on Cholesterol Metabolism in Rats. Bahram H. Arjmandi, Eugenia Sohn, Shanil Juma, Shreedhar R. Murthy and Bruce P. Daggy Cholesterol-Lowering Effects of Soybean, Potato and Rice Proteins Depend On Their Low Methionine Contents In Rats Fed a Cholesterol-Free Purified Diet. Tatswya Morita, Akira Oh-hashi, Kaori Takei, Michiyoshi Ikai, Seiichi Kasaoka and Shuhachi Kiriyama Nutrient Requirements and Interactions Absorption, Retention and Urinary Excretion of Chromium-51 in Rats Pretreated with Indomethacin and Dosed with Dimethylprostaglandin E,, Misoprostol or Prostacyclin. Surekha M. Kamath, Barbara J. Stoecker, Melissa L. Davis- Whitenack, Marlo M. Smith, Bernice O. Adeleye and Subbiah Sangiah Dietary Carboxymethylcellulose with High Instead of Low Viscosity Reduces Macronutrient Digestion in Broiler Chickens. Coen H. M. Smits, Albertus Veldman, Martin W. A. Verstegen and Anton C. Beynen Endogenous Synthesis Cannot Compensate for Absence of Dietary Oleic Acid in Rats. Jean-Marie E. Bourre, Odile L. Dumont, Michei E. Clément and Georges A. Durand The Minimum Sodium Requirement of Growing Kittens Defined on the Basis of Plasma Aldosterone Concentration. Shiguang Yu and James G. Morris BOOK REVIEW Community Nutrition: Applying Epidemiology to Contemporary Practice. Reviewed by Cheryl Achterberg Announcements SUPPLEMENT Vilth Asian Congress of Nutrition: Lipid Symposium Proceedings. David Kritcheusky No. 4 APRIL 1997 ARTICLES Critical Review Molecular Mechanisms of Rat and Human Pancreatic Triglyceride Lipases. Mark E. Lowe Biochemical and Molecular Roles of Nutrients Vitamin A Deficiency Alters Rat Neutrophil Function. Sally $. Twining, David P. Schulte, Patricia M. Wilson, Brian L. Fish and John E. Moulder Lipid Level and Type Alter Stearoyl CoA Desaturase mRNA Abundance Differently in Mice with Distinct Susceptibilities to Diet-Influenced Diseases. Eric I. Park, Elizabeth A. Paisley, Heather J. Mangian, Deborah A. Swartz, MaoXin Wu, Patricia J. O’Morchoe, Stephen R. Behr, Willard J. Visek and Jim Kaput Community and International Nutrition Infant Survival Is Improved by Oral Iodine Supplementation. Claudine Cobra, Muhilal, Kusnandi Rusmil, Diet Rustama, Djatnika, Susi S. Suwardi, Dewi Permaesih, Muherdiyantiningsih, Sri Martuti and Richard D. Semba Human and Clinical Nutrition Dietary Fiber Decreases the Metabolizable Energy Content and Nutrient Digestibility of Mixed Diets Fed to Humans. David J. Baer, William V. Rumpler, Carolyn W. Miles and George C. Fahey, Jr. Relationships between Dietary Intakes and Fasting Plasma Concentrations of Fat-Soluble Vitamins in Humans. Sarah L. Booth, Katherine L. Tucker, Nicola M. McKeown, Kenneth W. Davidson, Gerard E. Dallal and James A. Sadowski .. . Nutrient Metabolism Dietary Eritadenine Modifies Plasma Phosphatidylcholine Molecular Species Profile in Rats Fed Different Types of Fat. Kimio Sugiyama, Akihiro Yamakawa, Hirokazu Kawagishi and Shigeru Saeki viii Methionine Content of Dietary Proteins Affects the Molecular Species Composition of Plasma Phosphatidylcholine in Rats Fed a Cholesterol-Free Diet. Kimio Sugiyama, Akihiro Yamakawa, Akemi Kumazawa and Shigeru Saeki Partial Substitution of Di- and Tripeptides for Native Proteins in Sea Bass Diet Improves Dicentrarchus labrax Larval Development. Jose L. Zambonino Infante, Chantal L. Cahu and Armande Peres A High Amylose (Amylomaize) Starch Raises Proximal Large Bowel Starch and Increases Colon Length in Pigs. David L. Topping, James M. Gooden, Ian L. Brown, Debra A. Biebrick, Leanne McGrath, Rodney P. Trimble, Mingan Choct and Richard J. Illman Urinary Excretion of Endogenous Nitrogen Metabolites in Adult Domestic Cats Using a Protein-Free Diet and the Regression Technique. Wouter H. Hendriks, Paul J. Moughan and Michael F. Tarttelin Nutrient Requirements and Interactions Acid-Induced Gastric Damage in Rats Is Aggravated by Starvation and Prevented by Several Nutrients. Chen-Road Hung and Su-Lin Neu Restriction of Nutrition In Utero Selectively Inhibits Gastrointestinal Growth in Fetal Sheep. Jeffrey F. Trahair, Tani- M. DeBarro, Jeffrey $. Robinson and Julie A. Owens a Iron Uptake Is Enhanced in Caco-2 Cell Monolayers by Cysteine and Reduced Cysteinyl Glycine. Raymond P. Giah and Darrell R. Van Campen Nutrition, Pharmacology and Toxicology Hexachlorobenzene Accumulated by Dams during Pregnancy Is Transferred to Suckling Rats during Early Lactation. Yoko Nakashima, Saeko Ohsawa, Keizo Umegaki and Sachie Ikegami Neuroscience and Nutrition Food Restriction Reduces Sympathetic Support of Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. J. Michael Overton, J. Mark VanNess and R. Michael Casto BOOK REVIEW Calcium and Phosphorus in Health and Disease. Edited by John J. B. Anderson and Sanford C. Garner Reviewed by Felix Bronner No. 5 MAY 1997 ARTICLES Biochemical and Molecular Roles of Nutrients Dietary Fibers Modulate Indices of Intestinal Immune Function in Rats. Beong Ou Lim, Koji Yamada, Michiko Nonaka, Yuichiro Kuramoto, Pham Hung and Michihiro Sugano Isoprenoids Suppress the Growth of Murine B16 Melanomas In Vitro and In Vivo. Lei He, Huanbiao Mo, Susilowati Hadisusilo, Asaf A. Qureshi and Charles E. Elson Overexpression of Cellular Glutathione Peroxidase Does Not Affect Expression of Plasma Glutathione Peroxidase or Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase in Mice Offered Diets Adequate or Deficient in Selenium. Wen- Hsing Cheng, Ye-Shih Ho, Deborah A. Ross, Yanming Han, Gerald F. Combs, Jr. and Xin Gen Lei Dietary Oxidized Linoleic Acid Modifies Lipid Composition of Rat Liver Microsomes and Increases Their Fluidity. Edna Hochgraf, Shoshana Mokady and Uri Cogan Lactase Phlorizin Hydrolase Synthesis Is Decreased In Protein-Malnourished Pigs. Mary A. Dudley, Linda Wykes, Alden W. Dudley, Jr., Marta Fiorotto, Douglas G. Burrin, Judy Rosenberger, Farook Jahoor and Peter J. Reeds Competitive Reverse Transcriptase—Polymerase Chain Reaction Shows That Dietary Zinc Supplementation in Humans Increases Monocyte Metallothionein mRNA Levels. Vicki K. Sullivan and Robert J. Cousins Community and International Nutrition Questionnaire-Based Measures Are Valid for the Identification of Rural Households with Hunger and Food Insecurity. Edward A. Frongillo, Jr., Barbara §. Rauschenbach, Christine M. Olson, Anne Kendall and Ana G. Colmenares Human and Clinical Nutrition A Diet Rich in Fat and Poor in Dietary Fiber Increases the In Vitro Formation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Human Feces. Juergen Georg Erhardt, Sang Sun Lim, J. Christian Bode and Christiane Bode Biotin Status Assessed Longitudinally in Pregnant Women. Donald M. Mock, Diane D. Stadler, Shawna L. Stratton and Nell I. Mock Acarbose Enhances Human Colonic Butyrate Production. Gary A. Weaver, Colette T. Tangel, Jean A. Krause, Margaret M. Parfitt, Paul L. Jenkins, Joanne M. Rader, Bertha A. Lewis, Terry L. Miller and Meyer J. Wolin Nutrient Metabolism Small Changes of Dietary (n-6) and (n-3)/Fatty Acid Content Ratio Alter Phosphatidylethanolamine and Phosphatidyl- choline Fatty Acid Composition During Development of Neuronal and Glial Cells in Rats. Jacqueline Jumpsen, Eric L. Lien, Yeow K. Goh and M. Thomas Clandinin Glucocorticoids Play an Important Role in Mediating the Enhanced Metabolism of Arginine and Glutamine in Entero- cytes of Postweaning Pigs. Nick E. Flynn and Guoyao Wu Dietary Protein and Amino Acid Levels Alter Threonine Dehydrogenase Activity in Hepatic Mitochondria of Gallus domesticus. Adam J. Davis and Richard E. Austic A Chick Bioassay Approach for Determining the Bioavailable Choline Concentration in Normal and Overheated Soybean Meal, Canola Meal and Peanut Meal. Jason L. Emmert and David H. Baker Desaturation of Stearate Is Insufficient to Increase the Concentrations of Oleate in Cultured Rat Hepatocytes. Tongkun Pai and Yu-Yan Yeh Nutrient Requirements and Interactions The Protein Digestibility—Corrected Amino Acid Score Method Overestimates Quality of Proteins Containing Anti- nutritional Factors and of Poorly Digestible Proteins Supplemented with Limiting Amino Acids in Rats. Ghulam Sarwar Analgesic Response to Stress Is Reduced in Perinatally Undernourished Rats. A. C. Gutiérrez and E. A. Keller Vitamin A Deficiency Exacerbates Methotrexate-Induced Jejunal Injury in Rats. Rosemary A. Warden, Rhiannon S. Noltorp, J. Lynn Francis, Peter R. Dunkley and Edward V. O’ Loughlin Small Changes in Essential Amino Acid Concentrations Alter Diet Selection in Amino Acid—Deficient Rats. Brian J. Hrupka, Yu Mei Lin, Dorothy W. Gietzen, and Quinton R. Rogers Food Supplementation during Lactation Shortens Anestrus and Elevates Gonadotropins in Rats. Effie Gournis, Michelle K. McGuire and Kathleen M. Rasmussen Announcements No. 5S MAY 1997 ASNS 1996 Symposium Proceedings SYMPOSIA Conference: Avian Lipoprotein Metabolism: An Update An Overview of Recent Developments in Avian Lipoprotein Metabolism. Robert G. Elkin x Evolution of Processes and Regulators of Lipoprotein Synthesis: From Birds to Mammals. Roger A. Davis Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Gene Family Members Mediate Yolk Deposition. Hideaki Bujo, Marcela Hermann, Ken A. Lindstedt, Johannes Nimpf and Wolfgang J. Schneider Lipoprotein Metabolism and Fattening in Poultry. Dominique Hermier Conference: New Developments in Forage Science Contributing to Enhanced Fiber Utilization by Ruminants I INE PIII. wos vainin ad sv us wb beey eaicues hae tes See a o's Slate Ce Analysis of Forage Fiber and Cell Walls in Ruminant Nutrition. Hans-Joachim G. Jung Plant Limitations to Fiber Digestion and Utilization. Dwayne R. Buxton and Daren D. Redfearn Microbial and Animal Limitations to Fiber Digestion and Utilization. Gabriella A. Varga and Eric S. Kolver Symposium: Animal Diets for Nutritional and Toxicological Research Introduction. Shirley R. Blakely, Adrianne Rogers and Suzanne Hendrich Effects of Diet on Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention. Samuel M. Cohen, Tsuneo Masui, Emily M. Garland and Lora L. Arnold Importance of Sphingolipids and Inhibitors of Sphingolipid Metabolism as Components of Animal Diets. Alfred H. Merrill, Jr., Eva-Maria Schmelz, Elaine Wang, Dirck L. Dillehay, Larry G. Rice, Filmore Meredith and Ronald T. Riley Dietary Nucleotides: Effects on Cell Proliferation Following Partial Hepatectomy in Rats Fed NIH-31, AIN-76A, or Folate/Methyl-Deficient Diets. Carlton D. Jackson, Constance Weis, Barbara J. Miller and S. Jill James Components of the AIN-93 Diets as Improvements in the AIN-76A Diet. Philip G. Reeves New Nonpurified Diet (NTP-2000) for Rodents in the National Toxicology Program’s Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies. Ghanta N. Rao Some Considerations for the Development of Diets for Mature Rodents Used in Long-Term Investigations. Roger B. McDonald The Effects of Diet, Overfeeding and Moderate Dietary Restriction on Sprague-Dawley Rat Survival, Disease and Toxicology. Kevin P. Keenan, Gordon C. Ballam, Rakesh Dixit, Keith A. Soper, Philippe Laroque, Britta A. Mattson, Stephen P. Adams and John B. Coleman Symposium: Nutrition and Physical Performance: A Century of Progress and Tribute to the Modern Olympic Movement Introduction. Elizabeth A. Applegate, Priscilla M. Clarkson, Ann C. Grandjean, Louis E. Grivetti, Roger B. McDonald and Charles M. Tipton From — to Atlanta: A Cultural-Historical Perspective on Diet and Athletic Training. Louis E. Grivetti and Elizabeth A. Applegate Search for the Competitive Edge: A History of Dietary Fads and Supplements. Elizabeth A. Applegate and Louis E. Grivetti Diets of Elite Athletes: Has the Discipline of Sports Nutrition Made an Impact? Ann C. Grandjean Sports Medicine: A Century of Progress. Charles M. Tipton Gold Medal Roundtable: Athlete Presentations, Audience Questions, and Summary Statements. Elizabeth A. Applegate, Bruce Baumgartner, Priscilla M. Clarkson, Louis E. Grivetti, Nicole Haislett, Roger B. McDonald, Billy Mills and Alfred Symposium: Nutritional Factors and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Alcoholic Liver Disease Introduction. Eduardo A. Porta Nutritional Factors Required for Alcoholic Liver Disease in Rats. G. Ananda Rao and Edward C. Larkin Spin Trapping Studies of Alcohol-Initiated Radicals in Rat Liver: Influence of Dietary Fat. Lester A. Reinke and Paul B. ay Role of Kupffer Cells, Endotoxin and Free Radicals in Hepatotoxicity Due to Prolonged Alcohol Consumption: Studies in Female and Male Rats. Ronald G. Thurman, Blair U. Bradford, Yuji limuro, Kathryn T. Knecht, Henry D. Connor, Yukito Adachi, Chantal Wall, Gavin E. Arteel, James A. Raleigh, Donald T. Forman, and Ronald P. Mason