UUnniivveerrssiittyy ooff CCeennttrraall FFlloorriiddaa SSTTAARRSS Honors Undergraduate Theses UCF Theses and Dissertations 2017 TThhee IInntteeggrraattiioonn ooff MMuussiicc iinn aann EELLAA CCllaassssrroooomm:: CCrreeaattiinngg PPeeddaaggooggiiccaall PPaarrooddiieess ffoorr EElleemmeennttaarryy EEdduuccaattiioonn Doranna Smith University of Central Florida Part of the Elementary Education Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/honorstheses University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the UCF Theses and Dissertations at STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Undergraduate Theses by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RReeccoommmmeennddeedd CCiittaattiioonn Smith, Doranna, "The Integration of Music in an ELA Classroom: Creating Pedagogical Parodies for Elementary Education" (2017). Honors Undergraduate Theses. 171. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/honorstheses/171 THE INTEGRATION OF MUSIC IN AN ELA CLASSROOM: CREATING PEDAGOGICAL PARODIES FOR ELEMENTARY EDUCATION by DORANNA SMITH Spring Term, 2017 A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Honors in the Major Program in Elementary Education in the College of Education and in the Burnett Honors College at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Thesis Chair: Kelly Jennings-Towle, Ed.D. i Abstract The intent of this thesis is to capitalize the effects of using music as a tool in tandem with English language arts in order for students to improve their ELA skills. Songs are already flooding the Internet and social media; such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Vine, echoing in the background of television broadcasts and commercials, and blasting across radio stations and in public areas like restaurants and malls, classroom lessons tied to current songs, are more apt to resonate with students in this era. In lieu of subconsciously humming a song by popular artist such as Beyoncé, Kanye West, and Taylor Swift, students could accomplish more in a classroom environment while using music as a tool. This includes using music as a tool for learning through reading, as well as teaching writing processes through song. ii Dedication For those who supported me during this experience, I want to say thank you for sharing your wisdom and guiding me to complete this project. For my thesis chair, Dr. Kelly Jennings- Towle, I am grateful for all of the time and insight that you have spent and shared with me over the past year. To my family, thank you for the countless evenings of listening to my findings, facts, and figures; I do not take for granted the help that I have received during this time. I do not know what I would do without my support system. iii Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge the help of my committee members and Honors in the Major Education coordinator, Dr. Sherron Roberts, Dr. Elizabeth Hoffman, Dr. Nicole Damico, Honorary member Dr. Deirdre Englehart, and Honorary member Benjamin Franklin Smith II. Thank you all for holding me accountable for the level of work you knew that I could produce no matter what challenges came my way. Likewise, thank you for having high expectations for me. All that you all have done has made me both a better student and person. I would also like to acknowledge my family and friends for supporting me and encouraging me throughout this thesis writing experience. More specifically, I thank my Honorary committee member, Benjamin—my father—for fueling my passion to be greater. . . iv Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... ii Dedication ...................................................................................................................................... iii Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ iv Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ v Chapter One: Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 Chapter Two: Review of the Related Research Literature ............................................................. 5 Music as a Tool for Learning ................................................................................................... 5 As a Universal Language ......................................................................................................... 5 Multiple Intelligences .............................................................................................................. 7 Studies that use Music in ELA ............................................................................................... 10 Uses ....................................................................................................................................... 10 Engagement ........................................................................................................................... 12 Parodies of Songs used in ELA ............................................................................................. 13 Chapter Three: Methodology ........................................................................................................ 16 Chapter Four: Findings, Creative Products, and Related Lesson Plans ........................................ 19 Findings: Current Parodies .................................................................................................... 19 Creative Products:................................................................................................................... 23 Related Lesson Plans: ............................................................................................................. 34 Chapter Five: Conclusion and Future Research............................................................................ 67 Personal Reflections ................................................................................................................ 67 Lessons Learned .................................................................................................................... 67 Educational implications ........................................................................................................ 69 Future Research ...................................................................................................................... 70 References ..................................................................................................................................... 72 Appendix A ................................................................................................................................... 76 Proposal Charts ....................................................................................................................... 76 Appendix B: Table of ELA Elementary Standards ................................................................. 79 v LIST OF TABLES Standards for Fourth Grade Concepts Taught through Song….………..……………..….16 Current Parodies………………………….………..…………………………………..….19-22 Rubric…..………………………….……………….……………………………………...63-65 Timeline for Proposed Research for Summer……………………………………….…75-77 Timeline for Proposed Research for Fall…………….……………………………….…75-77 Timeline for Proposed Research for Spring…………………………………….……....75-77 Table of ELA Elementary Standards…………………………………………………..79-103 vi Chapter One: Introduction As a future elementary education teacher, I have observed in the classroom how music engages our youth. During my various service learning experiences, I have seen music used as a study tool in subjects such as science (e.g. learning the different forms of water), mathematics (e.g. memorizing formulas), and history (e.g. sequencing events). These observations led me to ask a question internally: Can music be used as a learning tool to teach English Language Arts (ELA) skills? That question wedged itself in my mind, and I pondered the possibility, especially following a real classroom experience. Picture the scenario: I walk into the classroom as a preservice teacher and I notice the room is too quiet. The young teacher I am assisting is not happy because the teacher, who was once full of innovative promise, is stuck on the computer inputting administrative data. This is upsetting to the teacher because it keeps them from doing what an educator loves most: teaching children. In the midst of inputting data, the teacher is unable to pay appropriate attention to students in the classroom. Thus, I get the duty of ensuring that the students remain on task. What is the task? Students are sitting at their desk with cardboard made cubicles and are looking at numerically assigned laptops. The collaborative groups that they are put in seem meaningless. They participate in their individualized, everyday drill and practice as they read articles and answer questions. I constantly have to remind students to be on task as the students fiddle with materials in their desk, draw, and daydream. The students were not engaged in the learning activity. And what subject have I witnessed this lack of engagement? The answer is the ELA block. Through reflection of my observation and service learning hours, I came to a realization 1 that songs are already flooding the Internet and social media; such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Vine, echoing in the background of television broadcasts and commercials, and blasting across radio stations and in public areas like restaurants and malls, classroom lessons tied to current songs, are more apt to resonate with students in this era. In lieu of subconsciously humming a song by popular artist such as Beyoncé, Kanye West, and Taylor Swift, students could accomplish more in a classroom environment while using music as a tool. I believe that if educators could combine reading with current songs so that the lessons included the rhymes and melodies of what students are listening to right now, it would elevate engagement. In doing so, students could study the written music whether the lyrics or notes in order to enhance reading skills similarly to how music can be read in order to differentiate notes, variations, and pitches. In addition, students can be taught to distinguish the varieties of melodies of the songs. I observed little music integration in the ELA classroom during my service learning and internship experiences. This thesis explored the effects of using music as a tool in tandem with English language arts in order for students to improve their ELA skills. This included using music as a tool for learning through reading, as well as teaching writing processes through song. For this thesis I created five original lyrics to current songs centered on the writing process. In the following section, I provided a personal rationale wherein I discussed why I was drawn to this research for this thesis. I also provided a professional rationale for teachers to utilize creative arts to enhance student learning. Personal Rationale 2 I have experienced the love of today’s music across a majority of elementary grade classrooms in which I have volunteered. To me, music has always been poetry. I started this study because my service learning experiences have shown me reading and writing have become mundane, scheduled, and despised tasks. According to DeVries (2015), motivation frequently makes the difference between learning that is temporary and superficial and learning that is permanent and internalized. Today, students are required to read on computer-based programs such as “I-ready” in addition to participating in competitive programs such as Accelerated Reading (AR). Students are not actively engaged in reading activities based on their interest or what is relevant today. And while the current programs have their merits, educators are describing new forms of literacy resulting from technology. Students are now able to learn literacy in a variety of ways. Reading is no longer simply sitting down and reading bound pages. Instead, today’s reading includes “reading electronically from multiple sources such as eBooks, text messages, websites, wikis, blogs, movies, advertisements, billboards, visual arts, songs, drama, and various multimedia” (DeVries, 2015, p.16, italics added). Professional Rationale During service learning and internship experiences, I began to think through the eyes of a future ELA educator; how can music be integrated into the language arts curriculum for increased student engagement? Using music as a teaching tool affords students the unique opportunity to improve skills such as phonemic awareness, rhyme, and fluency. Students can be engaged in the lesson when given lyrics to help them identify literary elements in addition to being able to learn topics such as the writing process. Both identifying literary elements and the 3