· THE IDEA OF · THE LABYRINTH THE IDEA OF · · THE LABYRINTH froCml assAinctailq uity throutghheM iddlAeg es PenelRoepeeDd o ob CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS ITHACAAN DL ONDON Open access edition funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities/Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program. Copyright © 1990 by Cornell University First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 1992 Second paperback printing 2019 All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. Visit our website at cornellpress.cornell.edu. Printed in the United States of America ISBN 978-0-8014-2393-2 (cloth: alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-5017-3845-6 (pbk.: alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-5017-3846-3 (pdf) ISBN 978-1-5017-3847-0 (epub/mobi) Librarians: A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress An open access (OA) ebook edition of this title is available under the following Creative Commons license: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0): https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by- nc-nd/4.0/. For more information about Cornell University Press’s OA program or to download our OA titles, visit cornellopen.org. Jacket illustration: Photograph courtesy of the Soprintendenza Archeologica, Milan. ForG rahamE ricP arker worthcyo mpanion inm ultiplicmiatzoeuss andi nm emoryo f JudsoBno yceA llen and Constantin Patsalas Contents LiosftP lates lX AckwnloedgmseF:no utrL abytrhisn xi Abbretivnoisa XVll InrtoduocnCt:hi atrintghMe a ze 1 TheC retaLna byrMiyntth1h 1 PAROTN E THEL ABYRIINNTT HH EC LASSICAL AND EARLYC HRISTIAPENR IODS 1.Th eL iteWriatrsnyseL :a byriinn thPVsli irn,gy i,alO nvdi d 17 2.T heL abyraisSn itghn iFfiocra:mTn wto P aradigms 39 A claosfph a radi4g0m s Them ulticumrosdea4ll6 Theu nicumrosdael4l 8 Thee snsceoef t hmea ze5 1 3· TAax onoomfyM etaoprhiLcaabliy nrths 64 Thel abyraisan tshoi fgcn o mplaerxt istry 66 Thel abyraisan tshoi fgin n extriocrai bmipleeitntrya bi7l2i ty Thel abyraisans tihgo nfd ifficuplrto ce8s2s PARTTw o THEL ABYRIINNTT HH EM IDDEAL GES 4·E tymolaongVdie rebsaI lmp lications 95 Vll vm Conetnts 5·M azesM eiidne vAarlat n Adr cehcitteu r 101 Thet hree-dimleanbsyiro(inbnautlih l adnidgn agdrse ns1)0 3 Diagramlmaabtyirci 1n1th2s Turf asntdo mnaez e1s3 1 Labyriinnct hhusr ch11e s7 Labyriinnmt ahnsuc rsip1t33s 6.M orLaalb yriinnMt ehidse vLailt erature 154 Them ythograp1h84e rs Moralla byriinno tthhsle irt era1t55u re Readionfsg esl ectetxetd1s 56 TheG esRtao manoru1m56 IlC orbacc1i76o ThAes seymo bfL ladie17s 1 LaQ uesdteSela iGnrta a1l 7 5 7.T extual LsaT:bo yawrriadnL tahbryintAheihsneteit c LabyrinItnhvienn1te8i 9o LabyrinDtiphsoisniet2 i01o LabyrinEtlhoicnut2ieo1 1 Difficpurlotc e2s1s3 PARTTH REE LABRYINTOHFSW oRDs: CETNRATLE XTASN DI NTERTTUEAXLITIES 8.V irgiAle'nse id 227 g.B oeth'iCsuo snsolaoftP ihoipnlh oys o 245 10D.a tneD'isv iCnoemy e d 271 Thel abyrilnathnidnsec2 a8p1e Thel abyrijnuotrhnien2ye8 7 Them ytthar nosrfmeadn dr eenac2t94e d 1.1C haeurcH'osus oefF ame 307 Apepnd:iL xabryinitnhM sa nsucripts 341 Idnex 343 Litso fP lates I. PrehisCtroertiyaclnl e-a sbtyrrioncctkah r vfirnogRm o cky ValleyT,i nnetelaa,grr nCwoall 19 2.L abyrfirnottmhh T er agliwaitneel-lpa(i Etrtcuahsnec,r sevecnetnht Bu.rcy. ) 28 3·R omamno saliacb yr, inVCtiahad olCirenmio,n a 42 4·E armluyl ticluarbsyar,al id natphftreodCm l auPdarea dsi n' Devisheesr o'iq<su•se•)s 47 5·C ircuunliacru drisraaaglm miaclt abyr(innitonhrt h elevecnetnyht) u r 49 6.T heG rekeekpy a ttoermr ena nder 51 7·E ye-brain(• 3d05i-1a4g0r0a)m 84 8.D iagroaftm h ber ianf,r oJme hYapne rmsaC ny'rurgie (3128) ss 9·L abyrainndat mhp ihthefartoeRmra ,b aMna ru'Dser erum natu(rilsaf tuoer teecnetnht ury) 150 10I.l slturaotfait ohnr ee-dimleanbsyir(oic.nnqa at6lho ) 180 II. Gardmeanz, ae ttritboPu oztzeods e(rcr1aa55.t0 o) Ill 12.T ur-fmaaztWe i nRgu,t land 141 •3·D iagroafJm u lsiB aonw'etru,rl fa biynr,tA hlbkoro,u gh Lincolnshire 151 •4·L abyrrionobtfoh ,s S saiMnatr Ryed cfleiB,fri stol (ofurteenttehe-ncfitefhn tury) 191 •5·L abyroinnb tahp tifsnomtSa,al i Mnattr inL'esaw,n n,i ck Coranlwl 102 16D.r awgio nfl abyrwiintfithgh u roefas r chi(tc.e1a c42t0si) n thnea voefR eimCsat hedral 122 •7·D iagroafm ltahbe yr(icn1at9.14h - 1220)i nt hnea voef ChartCraetsh aeld r 132 IX