THE HESIODIC CATALOGUE OF WOMEN AND ARCHAIC GREECE This book examines the extant fragments of the Archaic Greek poem known in antiquity as Hesiod’s Catalogue of Women. Kirk Ormand shows that the poem should be read intertextually with other hexameter poetry from the eighth to sixth centuries BCE, especially that of Homer, Hesiod, and the Cyclic epics. Through literary interaction with these poems, the Catalogue reflects polit ical and social tensions in the Archaic period with regard to the formsofpowerthatwereclaimedbymembersoftheeliteclass.In particular, Ormand argues that the Catalogue reacts against the “middling ideology” that came to the fore during the Archaic period in Greece and champions traditional aristocratic modes of status.Ormandmaintainsthatthepoem’spresentationoftheend oftheheroicageisareflectionofadecliningemphasisonnobility of birth in the structures of authority in the emerging sixth centurypolis. Kirk Ormand is Professor of Classics at Oberlin College. He is author of Exchange and the Maiden: Marriage in Sophoclean Tragedy (1999) and Controlling Desires: Sexuality in Ancient Greece and Rome (2009) and editor of A Companion to Sophocles (2012). He has pub lished articles on Homer, Sophocles, Euripides, Ovid, Lucan, the Greek novel, and Clint Eastwood. He is the recipient of the Basil Gildersleeve Prize from the American Journal of Philology, the Barbara McManus Prize from the Women’s Classical Caucus of the American Philological Association, and the John J. Winkler MemorialPrize.OrmandhastraveledextensivelyinGreeceandheld thepostofWhiteheadProfessoroftheAmericanSchoolofClassical Studies in Athens during the 2007 2008 academic year. He also held a Solmsen Fellowship at the Institute for Research in the Humanities, University of Wisconsin Madison, in 1999 2000. THE HESIODIC CATALOGUE OF WOMEN AND ARCHAIC GREECE Kirk Ormand OberlinCollege 32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,ny10013–2473,usa CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107035195 ©KirkOrmand2014 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2014 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloguinginPublicationData Ormand,Kirk,1962– TheHesiodicCatalogueofWomenandArchaicGreece/KirkOrmand. pages cm Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn978-1-107-03519-5(hardback) 1. Hesiod.Catalogusfeminarum. I. Title. pa4009.z5o76 2014 8810.01 2014009860 isbn978-1-107-03519-5Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof urlsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. Ch.3wasfirstpublishedinAmericanJournalofPhilology125.3(2004),303–338. Copyright©2004byTheJohnsHopkinsUniversityPress.Reprintedwithpermission bytheJohnsHopkinsUniversityPress. For Gayle, Kevin, and Ella Contents Preface page ix 1 Introduction:TheHesiodicCatalogueofWomen 1 Date,Genre,Performance 3 TowardaTheoryofArchaicPoetic Political Discourse 15 Catalogues,Genealogies,andWomen 42 Conclusion 50 2 TheCatalogueandtheMysteryoftheDisappearingHedna 52 HednainHomer:Gifts,Bridewealth,Dowry 54 SolonandMiddlingIdeologiesofMarriage 60 HednaintheCatalogueofWomen 64 TheCatalogue’sPortrayalofHedna 66 TheMomentofTransfer 66 DôraandHedna 70 DisputesoverHedna 72 HednaasaCompetition 74 Conclusion 81 3 Marriage,Identity,andtheStoryofMestra 85 TheHesiodicStoryofMestra 87 PuttingMestrainContext:MythsofShape Shifters 96 PuttingMestrainContext:MarriageinSixth Century Athens 109 vii viii Contents 4 AtalantaReflectstheIliad 119 AtalantaintheCatalogueandWiderGreekMyth 120 TheStory 128 MarriageandFamilialStructures 133 AtalantaasAchilles 138 Conclusions 151 5 ThenThereWastheOneWhoWasAlkmene 152 TheTextandtheBackStory 154 ThePlotofZeus,AnotherPreview 162 Herakles’OtherFather 168 RecallingOdysseus 171 Conclusions 179 6 TheMarriageofHelenandtheEndoftheCatalogue 181 TheHeroesasWooers,HelenasBride 184 TheBeginningoftheEndoftheAgeofHeroes 196 TheEndoftheAgeofHeroes 202 7 Epilogue:Women,MiddlingDiscourse,andthePolis 217 TheOther“CatalogueofWomen” 217 DedicationsandthePolis 223 HelenandAgariste 226 AppendixA. DowryintheHomericPoems? 237 AppendixB. TheRulingConcerningtheHednaofMestra (fr.43a.41 43) 242 Bibliography 245 IndexLocorum 257 GeneralIndex 260 Preface This work has had a long and complex history. Assiduous historians of scholarship might be able to trace its inception to a footnote in my dissertation,writtenatStanfordUniversitymorethantwentyyearsago. Sincethentheshapeanddirectionofthebookhavechangedmanytimes. I hope that in its final form this book will help make the Catalogue of Women accessible toa new generation of readers. Iowethankstomanypeoplewhohavehelpedmealongtheway,some so long ago that they may not remember their comments, critiques, and otheractsofkindness.Tothebestofmyrecollection,thesepeoplearethe following: Judith Barringer, Darice Birge, Ruby Blondell, Paul Boyer, MarkBuchan,SusanCole,JoyConnolly,LillianDoherty,MarkEdwards, Nancy Felson, Anne Feltovich, Helene Foley, Susan Stanford Friedman, DanielGardner,MadeleineGoh,BarbaraGold,NathanGreenberg,David Halperin,ElizabethHamilton,EdwardHarris,BrookeHolmes,W.Ralph Johnson, Athena Kirk, David Konstan, Leslie Kurke, Jessica Lamont, Brian Lavelle, Sara Lindheim, Nike Makris, Elizabeth Manwell, Laura McClure, Denise McCoskey, Melissa Mueller, Robin Osborne, Cynthia Patterson, Nancy Rabinowitz, Paul Rehak, Naomi Rood, Patricia Rosenmeyer, Laura Slatkin, Mario Telo, Tom Van Nortwick, Bronwen Wickkiser,DrewWilburn,VictoriaWohl,NancyWorman,andIoannis Ziogas.TwoanonymousreadersforCambridgeUniversityPressprovided insightful and genuinely helpful critiques; Stephanie Sakson, the copy editorforthePress,caughtmanyerrorsandinfelicities,andimprovedthe booksubstantially.IapologizetoanyonewhomIhavefailedtorecallhere. ImustgivespecialthankstoAlexPurves,whoreadtheentirebookin draft form and provided invaluable comments, suggestions, and ix x Preface encouragement. The project would certainly have never been finished without her help. Needless to say, neither Alex nor any of the other peoplelistedhereshouldbeheldresponsibleforanyerrorsorinfelicities in the work that follows. Fault for those lies with me alone. Tom Cooper has been a great friend to the Oberlin Classics Department and has provided material help in the production of this book. I ampleased to offer thanks tohim here. Acknowledgment for material help is also due to various institu- tions.TheInsituteforResearchintheHumanitiesattheUniversityof Wisconsin Madison supported me during the writing of an initial chapter.Apre-tenureleave,fundedinpartbytheMellonFoundation, and a sabbatical from Oberlin College gave me time to research and write the rest of the book, and critical funding as well as superb research facilities were made available by the American School of ClassicalStudiesinAthens,intheformofaWhiteheadprofessorship. Chapter 3 originally appeared inthe American Journal of Philology, and I am grateful to the Johns Hopkins University Press for permission to reprint it, modified, here. Asalways,myspouse,GayleBoyer,andmytwochildren,Kevinand Ella Boyer, have provided love, support, and inexplicable good humor duringthelongyearswhenIhavespenttoomuchtimewithHesiodand notenoughwiththem.Therearenosufficientthanksfortheirpresence in my life. K.O.