The Handbook of Leadership and Professional Learning Communities SELECTED LIST OF PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS Carol A. Mullen, PhD Mullen, C. A. (Ed.). (2008).The handbook of formal mentoring in higher e ducation: A case study approach. Mullen, C. A., Creighton, T., Dembowski, F. L., & Harris, S. (Eds.). (2007). The handbook of doctoral programs in educational leadership: Issues and challenges. Johnson, W. B., = Mullen, C. A. (2007). Write to the top! How to become a prolific academic. Mullen, C. A. (2007). Curriculum leadership development: A guide for aspiring school leaders. Mullen, C. A. (2006). A graduate student guide: Making the most of mentoring. Mullen, C. A. (2005). The mentorship primer. Mullen, C. A. (2005). Fire and ice: Igniting and channeling passion in new qualitative researchers. Mullen, C. A. (2004). Climbing the Himalayas of school leadership: The socialization of early career administrators. Diamond, C. T. P., & Mullen, C. A. (Eds.). (1999). The postmodern educator: Arts- based inquiries and teacher development. Mullen, C. A., & Lick, D. W. (Eds.). (1999). New directions in mentoring: Creating a culture of synergy. Mullen, C. A., (senior editor) (with Cox, M. D., Boettcher, C. K., & Adoue, D. S.) (Eds.). (1997/2000). Breaking the circle of one: Redefining mentorship in the lives and writings of educators. Mullen, C. A. (1997).Imprisoned selves: An inquiry into prisons and academe. The Handbook of Leadership and Professional Learning Communities Edited by Carol A. Mullen the handbook of leadership and professional learning communities Copyright © Carol A. Mullen, 2009. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2009 978-0-230-61238-9 All rights reserved. First published in 2009 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States - a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-37724-4 ISBN 978-0-230-10103-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-0-230-10103-6 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mullen, Carol A. The handbook of leadership and professional learning communities/ edited by Carol A. Mullen. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Educational leadership--Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. School management and organization—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 3. Teachers—Professional relationships—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 4. Teachers—Inservice training— Handbooks, manuals, etc. 5. Professional learning communities—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Title. LB2805.M77 2009 371.2—dc22 2009002670 A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Macmillan Publishing Solutions First edition: September 2009 With fondness and appreciation, I have dedicated this book to W. Brad Johnson, Professor of Psychology at the United States Naval Academy and Faculty Associate at John Hopkins University. It is striking that although we’ve never actually met, he is one of my closest colleagues. Brad is a very talented and generous person whose first thoughts are always about the well-being of others. A pioneer in the mentoring field, he has published numerous books for faculty and students that include On Being a Mentor: A Guide for Higher Education Faculty, Getting Mentored in Graduate School, The Elements of Mentoring, The Elements of Ethics, and Write to the Top! How to Become a Prolific Academic—the one we did together. Given his prolific and practical scholarship in the area of mentoring it’s no surprise that I am one of the lucky beneficiaries of his expertise and wisdom. Contents List of Tables, Figures, and Appendices xi Preface xiii Acknowledgments xvii 1 Introducing Collaborative Communities With Edge and Vitality 1 Carol A. Mullen Section I Organization and the Learning Community Introduction to Section I (Mullen) 11 2 Understanding Schools as Organizations: Implications for Realizing Professional Learning Communities 17 Bob L. Johnson, Jr. 3 Forming School–University Partnerships to Create Professional Learning Communities That Improve Schools 29 Leonard R. Goduto, Virginia Doolittle, & Donald Leake 4 Developing Professional Learning Communities in a University–Public School Partnership 39 Robert V. Bullough, Jr., & Steven C. Baugh 5 Professional Development Schools: Learning Communities for Leaders and Teachers as Change Agents 51 Maria Sudeck, Virginia Doolittle, & Peter Rattigan 6 Teacher Education Is Everybody’s Business: Northern Guilford High School—A Professional Development Community 59 Carl Lashley, Jewell Cooper, Jessica McCall, Joseph Yeager, & Christine Ricci 7 The University Connection: Transformational Learning That Enhances Professional Learning Communities 73 Sandra Harris, Vicky Farrow, & Hollis Lowery-Moore viii ● Contents 8 A Vision for Linking Pre-K and Higher Education Through Learning Communities 85 John R. Hoyle & Timothy M. Kutka Section II Democracy and the Learning Community Introduction to Section II (Mullen) 99 9 Forming Culturally Responsive Learning Communities in Demographically Changing Schools 103 Camille Wilson Cooper, Romy M. Allen, & Silvia Cristina Bettez 10 Transforming the Space of Schools into Learning Communities: Teacher Leadership as Pedagogy of Democratic Place 115 Patrick M. Jenlink & Karen Embry Jenlink 11 Catalysts and Barriers: Practitioner Concepts of Professional Learning Communities as Democracies in Action 127 Carol A. Mullen & Sandra Harris 12 Faculty of Color Constructing Communities at Predominantly White Institutions 139 Donyell L. Roseboro & C. P. Gause 13 Support for Women Leaders: The Visible and the Invisible 151 Jane H. Applegate, Penelope M. Earley, & Jill M. Tarule Section III Technology and the Learning Community Introduction to Section III (Mullen) 161 14 Professional Learning Communities and the Culture of Digital Technology: A Philosophic Inquiry 165 Glenn M. Hudak 15 Virtual Learning Communities: Encountering Digital Culture, Politics, and Capital 177 Roymieco A. Carter & Leila E. Villaverde 16 Graduate Students’ and Preservice Teachers’ Electronic Communications in a Community of Practice 189 Janet C. Richards, Susan V. Bennett, & Kim G. Thomas Section IV Mentoring and the Learning Community Introduction to Section IV (Mullen) 201 17 Leadership in K–12 Learning Communities: Activism and Access Through Intergenerational Understanding 205 Dannielle Joy Davis, Lisa Green-Derry, and Jovan Wells Contents ● ix 18 Facilitating Professional Learning Communities Through Mentor Teacher Preparation 215 Susan D. Myers & Helenrose Fives 19 Peer Learning Communities in Action: Coaching to Improve Preservice Teaching 229 Caroline R. Pryor & Barbara D. O’Donnell 20 Conclusion: Community Change Through Activism—Insights and Lessons 241 Carol A. Mullen Notes on Contributors 247 Index 253 List of Tables, Figures, and Appendices Tables 11.1 Democratic Actions Taken on K–12 Campuses (n=39) 131 11.2 Barriers to Democratic Action Manifesting on K–12 Campuses (n=39) 132 19.1 Interns’ Change Scores: Philosophy of Education Scale 233 Figures 6.1 UNCG–Northern High School: A Professional Development, Teaching and Learning Community 64 8.1 A Unified Education System (Hoyle & Kutka, 2008) 92 18.1 Evidence of Teachers as Transactional, Transformative, and Critical Leaders 221 Appendices 9.1 Cultural Body Talk: Professional Learning Community Activity 111 11.1 Democratic School Leadership Survey (Mullen, 2008) 135 19.1 Philosophy of Education Scale and Sample Scoring 238