2003. The Journal of Arachnology 31:317–330 THE GENUS BRACHISTOSTERNUS IN ARGENTINA, WITH A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW PATAGONIAN SPECIES (SCORPIONES, BOTHRIURIDAE) Andre´s A. Ojanguren Affilastro: Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘‘Bernardino Rivadavia,’’ Divisio´n Aracnolog´ıa, Av. Angel Gallardo 470, C1405 DJR Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: [email protected] & E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT. The new species Brachistosternus paulae is described. This is the southernmost species ofthegenus,occurringinsouthernPatagoniainSantaCruzProvince.Itcanbedistinguishedfromallthe otherspeciesofthegenusbythepresenceofonly4ventraltrichobothriaonthepedipalpalchela,andby theshapeofthehemispermatophore,inwhichthecylindricalapophysisisshorterthanthelaminarapoph- ysis; all internal spines are absent, except for the row of spines, which in some specimens is vestigial. This species can not be included in any of the known subgenera due to its trichobothrial pattern; never- theless it is closer to the subgenus Leptosternus on the basis of its remaining morphology. Akey forthe speciesofthegenusinthecountryisprovidedtogetherwithsomedataonthem.Thehemispermatophores ofthethreesubgeneraarecomparedandtwomapsdetailingthedistributionofthespeciesinthecountry are provided. El ge´nero Brachistosternus en la Argentina, con la descripcio´n de una nueva especie de la Patagonia (Scorpiones,Bothriuridae).EnestetrabajosedescribeaBrachistosternuspaulaen.sp.Estaeslaespecie conocidama´saustraldelge´nero,habitandoenelsurdelaPatagoniaenlaprovinciadeSantaCruz.Puede diferenciarse del resto de las especies del ge´nero por la presencia de solo 4 tricobotrias ventrales en la pinzay por el escaso desarrollo desuhemiespermato´foro,ene´stelaapo´fisiscil´ındricaseencuentrapoco desarrollada y es ma´s corta que la apo´fisis laminar, adema´s carece de todos los procesos espiniformes, salvo las espinas en hilera que en algunosejemplarespueden presentarseenformavestigial;laparticular tricobotriotaxia de esta especie no permite incluirla en ninguno de los subge´neros descriptos hasta el momento, sin embargo su morfolog´ıa la aproxima ma´s al subge´nero Leptosternus. Se presenta adema´s una clave paralasespeciesdelge´neroenelpa´ısyseaportanalgunosdatossobree´stas.Secomparanlos hemiespermato´foros de los distintos subge´neros y se presentan dos mapas con la distribucio´n de las distintas especiespresentesen el pa´ıs. Keywords: Scorpiones, Brachistosternus,key, new species,Argentina Within Argentina, the genus Brachistoster- the subgenus Leptosternus Maury 1973. For nus Pocock 1893 is a dominant componentof thisreason,itissometimesnecessarytostudy the scorpion fauna in the arid and semiarid large numbers of specimens to define a spe- areas that occupy more than half of the na- cies clearly. Intraspecific variability is shown tional territory. It can be found fromsealevel by color, external morphological structures or up to more than 4000 m a.s.l.. Although the the structures of the hemispermatophore, and Argentinian scorpion fauna has been well itmaybeintrapopulationalorinterpopulation- studied, relatively few works have been pub- al. lished on this genus: Roig Alsina (1977), An interesting characteristic of the genus Maury (1973, 1974, 1975, 1978a, 1978b, Brachistosternus is the complexity of its he- 1984), Roig Alsina & Maury (1981, 1984), mispermatophore,whichhasabasicpatternin Prendini (2000), San Mart´ın (1969), Ojangu- the three subgenera. Nevertheless, there are ren Affilastro (2000, 2001, 2002) and Ojan- importantdifferencesintheinternalstructures guren Affilastro & Roig Alsina (2001). of the lobe region. A comparison of the he- This genus presents a high degree of intra- mispermatophores of the three subgenera is specificvariability,especiallyinthespeciesof herein presented. 317 318 THE JOURNALOF ARACHNOLOGY There are no modern keys for the species stereomicroscope and camera lucida. The he- of the genus. The last one was provided by mispermatophores were dissected from sur- Mello Leita˜o (1945). A key and a catalogue roundingtissuesandobservedin80%ethanol. for the known species of the genus Brachis- RESULTS tosternus from Argentina is herein presented. The characters that are more often usedinthe CATALOGUE OF THE ARGENTINIAN taxonomy of this genus are the structures of SPECIES OF BRACHISTOSTERNUS thehemispermatophore,thetrichobothrialpat- tern, the number of metasomal and tarsal se- Brachistosternus (Brachistosternus) tae, morphometric ratios and the particular ehrenbergii (Gervais 1841) morphological characteristics of the different Scorpio ehrenbergii Gervais 1841:282–283, figs. species, such as the granulation of the telson 18–22, pl. I. (Holotype male, Callao, Peru or the shape of the telotarsi. (ZMH), not examined). In this work, Brachistosternus paulae, the Scorpio glaber Gervais, 1841:285, figs. 28–32, pl. southernmost species of the genus, is de- I(synonymizedbySimon,1880:397).(Holotype, scribed. Its particular trichobothrial pattern Peru (MNHN), not examined). prevents it from being included in any of the Telogonus politus Koch, 1867:234–235 (synony- known subgenera of the genus. Maps of the mized by Kraepelin, 1894:216). (Holotype fe- distributionoftheArgentinianspeciesofBra- male, South America (ZMH), not examined). chistosternus have been prepared based upon Remarks.—Thisisthetypespeciesofthe all localities cited by the bibliography of the genus. It is has been collected fromEcuador present catalogue, except for the localities of to Chile, but the presence of this species in B. paulae. Argentina is dubious (Fig. 28) (Maury 1973). METHODS Terminology of the structures ofthehemis- Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) alienus permatophore follows Maury (1974). Tricho- Lo¨nnberg 1898 bothrial terminology follows Vachon (1974). BrachiosternusalienusLo¨nnberg1898:46–48.(Ho- Terminology of the androvestigia follows Ce- lotype female, Puerto Madryn, Chubut Province, kalovic (1973). Terminology of the telson Argentina (NRS), not examined). gland follows Roig Alsina & Maury (1981). Remarks.—Brachistosternus alienus isen- Terminologyofthemetasomalcarinaefollows demic to southern Argentina (Fig. 28). It has Stahnke (1970). Terminology of the metaso- been collected in southern ‘‘Monte’’ Phyto- malventralsetaefollowsOjangurenAffilastro geographic Province, and Northern ‘‘Patago- & Roig Alsina (2001). Terminology of the nia’’ Phytogeographic Province;fromsealev- PhytogeographicProvincesfollowsCabrera& el up to 1000 m a.s.l. (Ojanguren Affilastro Willink (1980). Terminology of the Scorpio- 2001). Cekalovic (1966, 1983) reported this logical Areas follows Acosta & Maury species from Chile, but its presence in this (1998).Abbreviationsareasfollows:MACN- Ar (cid:53) Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales country is unlikely. This specieswasfoundin sympatry with Bothriurus burmeisteri Krae- ‘‘Bernardino Rivadavia’’, National Arachno- logical Collection (Cristina Scioscia); a.s.l. (cid:53) pelin 1894; Zabius birabeni Mello Leita˜o above sea level; NMW (cid:53) Naturhistorisches 1938; Timogenes elegans (Mello Leita˜o MuseumWien,Vienna,Austria;MIZT(cid:53)Mu- 1931);BrachistosternuspentheriMelloLeita˜o 1931 and B. angustimanus OjangurenAffilas- seo ed Instituto di Zoologia sistematica della Universita, Turin, Italy; MNHN (cid:53) Museum tro & Roig Alsina 2001. National D’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) NRS (cid:53) Naturahistoriska Riksmuseet, Stock- angustimanus Ojanguren Affilastro & Roig holm, Sweden; ZMH (cid:53) Zoologische Staa- Alsina 2001 tsinstitut, Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg, Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) angustimanus Germany; NMB (cid:53) Naturhistorisches Muse- OjangurenAffilastro&RoigAlsina2001:16–22, um, Basel,Switzerland.Allmeasurementsare 1–14, 17, tab. I, II. (Holotype male, Las Grutas, in mm, and were taken using an ocular mi- Rio Negro Province, Argentina (MACN-Ar crometer. Illustrations were produced using a 9732)). OJANGURENAFFILASTRO—NEWBRACHISTOSTERNUS 319 Figures1–7.—Brachistosternuspaulaenewspecies:1.Fifthmetasomalsegment,ventralaspect;2.Fifth metasomal segment, male, dorsal aspect; 3. Left hemispermatophore, dorsal aspect; 4. Left hemisperma- tophore, ventral aspect; 5. Left hemispermatophore, detail of the lobe region; 6. Right pedipalp chela, male, dorsal aspect; 7. Right pedipalp chela, female, retrolateralaspect. Scale bars (cid:53) 1 mm. Remarks.—This species is endemic to tosternusarenotfoundinsympatrywithother southern Argentina (Fig. 29), from sea level congeners; when they inhabit the same region up to 1000 m a.s.l. (Ojanguren Affilastro & they are usually in parapatry, at different el- Roig Alsina 2001). It has been previously evations or in different environments. How- confused with B. (L.) alienus by several au- ever the distributions ofB.(L.) alienusandB. thors (Mello Leita˜o 1938; Maury 1973; Rin- (L.) angustimanus overlap almost entirely guelet 1953). (Ojanguren Affilastro & Roig Alsina 2001). Most of the species of the genus Brachis- Brachistosternus angustimanus was also 320 THE JOURNALOF ARACHNOLOGY found in sympatry with Bothriurus burmeis- 38–44 pectinal teeth and the males 45–58 teri, Zabius birabeni and Timogenes elegans. (Maury 1984). Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) pentheri intermedius Lo¨nnberg 1902 Mello Leita˜o 1931 Brachiosternus weijenberhi intermedia Lo¨nnberg Brachistosternus pentheri Mello Leita˜o 1931:94, 1902:255. (Two juvenile syntypes, Ojo de Agua, 95.(Holotypemale,Ar´ıstidesVillanuevaDepart- SaltaProvince,Argentina(NRS),notexamined). ment,MendozaProvince,Argentina(NMW),not examined). Remarks.—This species occurs between Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) psammophilus 2500and4000ma.s.l.,fromnorthwesternAr- Maury 1978a:169–175, fig. 1–9, tab. I–IV (syn- gentina to southwestern Bolivia (Fig. 29). It onymized by Roig Alsina & Maury 1984:18). was found in sympatry with Bothriurus olaen (Holotypemale,SauceGrande,CoronelDorrego, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina (MACN-Ar Acosta1997.ThespecimensofBrachistoster- 7026), examined). nus (Leptosternus) castroi Mello Leita˜o 1940 mentioned from Argentina (Ringuelet 1953), Remarks.—This species was reviewed by actually belong to B. (L.) intermedius Lo¨nn- RoigAlsina&Maury(1984).Itisendemicto berg (Ojanguren Affilastro in press b). centralandnorthernArgentina,fromsealevel up to 1500 m a.s.l.; from Buenos Aires Prov- Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) montanus ince to Jujuy Province (Roig Alsina & Maury Roig Alsina 1977 1984) (Fig. 29). It was found in sympatry Brachistosternus(Leptosternus)montanusRoigAl- with: Bothriurus burmeisteri, B. prospicuus sina 1977:255–259, figs. 1–7. (Holotype male, Mello Leita˜o 1934, B. cordubensis Acosta Puente del Inca, Mendoza Province, Argentina 1995, B. chacoensis Maury & Acosta 1993, (MACN-Ar7060), examined) Zabius birabeni, Z. fuscus (Thorell 1877), Ti- Remarks.—Brachistosternus (L.) monta- mogeneselegans,T.dorbignyi(Gue´rin&Me- nus, a closely related species to B. (L.) inter- neville 1843), Vachonia sp., Brachistosternus medius Lo¨nnberg (Ojanguren Affilastro in alienus, B. weyenberghii (Thorell 1876), B. press b), occurs at the same altitudes but in ferrugineus (Thorell 1876), B. telteca Ojan- the center of the country (Fig. 29), in the guren Affilastro 2000, Tityus trivittatus Krae- ProvincesofSanJuanandMendoza(RoigAl- pelin 1898 and T. confluens Borelli 1899 sina1977;RoigAlsina&Maury1981).Itwas (Acosta 1995). found in sympatry with Orobothriurus alti- Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) cola (Pocock 1899) (Roig Alsina 1977; Roig weyenberghii (Thorell 1876) Alsina & Maury 1981). Telogonus weijenberghii Thorell 1876:173–176: Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) (Holotype male, Cordova, Argentina (NRS), not multidentatus Maury 1984 examined). Brachistosternus weijenberghi reimoseri Penther Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) multidentatus 1913:247–248 (synonymized by Ojanguren Affi- Maury1984:113–116,figs.1–7,tab.I.(Holotype lastro in press a). (Holotype juvenile female, male, Bermejo, Caucete department, San Juan Mendoza, Argentina (NMW), not examined). Province, Argentina (MACN-Ar 7849), exam- Brachistosternus intermedius borellii Kraepelin ined). 1911:86(synonymizedbyOjangurenAffilastroin press a). (Holotype female, Cacheuta, Mendoza, Remarks.—Thisisapsammophilicspecies Argentina (MIZT), not examined). that has a disjunct distribution in the Provinc- es of San Juan and Buenos Aires (Fig. 28). It Remarks.—BrachistosternusborelliiKrae- occurs in dunes without vegetation. In dunes pelin 1911 and B. weijenberghi reimoseri with some vegetation, it is replaced by Bra- Penther 1913 are junior synonyms of B. we- chistosternus pentheri Mello Leita˜o 1931 yenberghii (Thorell1876) (OjangurenAffilas- (Maury1984).Brachistosternusmultidentatus tro in press a),which occursbetween900and hasbeencollectedinsympatrywithVachonia 2900 m a.s.l., in the center and northwestern martinezi Abalos 1954, in southern Buenos areas of Argentina (Ojanguren Affilastro in Aires. This species has the highest number of press a) (Fig. 28). This species demonstrates pectinal teeth of the genus, the females have clinalvariationofthelengthofthedistallam- OJANGURENAFFILASTRO—NEWBRACHISTOSTERNUS 321 Figures 8–14.—8–10. Brachistosternus paulae new species: 8. Left pedipalp chela, female, prolateral aspect; 9. Left pedipalp chela and patella, male, ventral aspect; 10. Telson, male, lateral aspect; 11. Brachistosternus(L.)weyenberghii,telson,male,lateralaspect;12.Brachistosternus(L.)intermedius,left hemispermatophore, detail of the lobe region; 13. Brachistosternus (L.) pentheri, telotarsus IV, lateral aspect; 14. Brachistosternus(L.) multidentatus, telotarsusIV, lateral aspect. Scale bars (cid:53) 1 mm. inaofthehemispermatophore,withtheonein in sympatry with Zabius fuscus, Timogenes thenorthernpopulationsbeinglongerthanthe elegans, T. dorbignyi, Bothriurus cordubensis one in southern populations. Acosta 1995, Tityus confluens, Brachistoster- Roig Alsina & Maury (1984) reviewed B. nus pentheri and B. ferrugineus (Mattoni & borellii and observed and described for the Acosta 1997). firsttime,akidneyshapedglandonthedorsal Inthisworkthespecificepithetweyenberg- face of the telson. This gland does not corre- hii is used following Fet, Sissom, Lowe & spond to the androvestigia described by Ce- Braunwalder(2000),buttheactualspellingof kalovic (1973). Recently this kidney shaped thesurnameofthescientistinhonorofwhom gland was found in other species of the genus this species was named was Weijenbergh, not (Ojanguren Affilastro 2001). Weyenbergh (Dr. A. O. Bachmann pers. This species has neverbeencollectedagain comm.). initstypelocalityinCordobaProvince(Acos- Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) zambrunoi ta & Rosso de Ferrada´s 1996). It was found Ojanguren Affilastro 2002 in sympatry with Bothriurus burmeisteri, B. Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) zambrunoi Ojan- olaen and Brachistosternus zambrunoi Ojan- guren Affilastro 2002:33–38, figs. 1–8, 15–19, guren Affilastro 2002. An isolated population tab. I. (Holotype male: El Arenal, Catamarca of this species from southern La Rioja is also Province, Argentina (MACN-Ar10206)). 322 THE JOURNALOF ARACHNOLOGY Remarks.—This species was reviewed by Maury (1974). It was collected from central Argentina to southern Paraguay (Fig. 28); fromthesealevelupto1000ma.s.l.(Mattoni & Acosta 1997). This is probably the most commonBrachistosternusofthe‘‘Chaquen˜a’’ Phytogeographic Province, but it also occurs at the ‘‘Monte’’ and ‘‘Espinal’’ Phytogeo- graphicProvinces(Maury1974).Itwasfound in sympatry with Bothriurus burmeisteri, B. prospicuus, B. cordubensis, B. chacoensis, Zabius birabeni, Z. fuscus, Timogenes ele- gans, T. dorbignyi, Vachonia sp., Brachistos- ternus pentheri, B. weyenberghii, Tityus tri- vittatus and T. confluens (Acosta 1995). Brachistosternus holmbergi Carbonell 1923 Brachistosternusholmbergi Carbonell1923:358,359,fig.(Holotypemale,Ju- juy Province, Argentina (depository unknown)). Remarks.—Brachistosternus holmbergi (whose type is lost) is considered a probable synonym of B. (B.) ehrenbergii. Although therearenospecimenstoconfirmitspresence in this country, this species occurs in Bolivia and Chile, and this is the only Brachistoster- nus of the region that matches the description of B. holmbergi (Maury 1973). Brachistosternus telteca Ojanguren Affilastro 2000 Figures 15–16.—15. Brachistosternus (L.) zam- BrachistosternusteltecaOjangurenAffilastro2000: brunoi, left hemispermatophore, dorsal aspect. 16. 157–160, figs. 1–8, tab. I. (Holotype male, Re- Brachistosternus (L.) intermedius, left hemisper- serva Telteca, Mendoza Province, Argentina matophore, dorsal aspect. Scale bar (cid:53) 1 mm. (MACN-Ar9931)). Remarks.—This is a very rare psammop- hilic species that occurs in a small area in Remarks.—Thisisapsammophilicspecies northern Mendoza Province (Ojanguren Affi- that occurs in a small area in northern Cata- lastro 2000) (Fig. 28). It was found in sym- marca and southern Salta, between 1500 and patrywithBrachistosternuspentheri,Bothriu- 2000 m a.s.l. (Fig. 29). It was found in sym- rus burmeisteri and Timogenes elegans. patry with Brachistosternus weyenberghii, Brachistosternus telteca can not be included Bothriurus olaen and Timogenes elegans in any of the known subgenera because of its (Ojanguren Affilastro 2002). particular trichobothrial pattern (Fig. 20). Brachistosternus (Ministernus) ferrugineus Brachistosternus paulae new species (Thorell 1876) (Figs. 1–10, 21, 29) TelogonusferrugineusThorell1876:176,177.(Ho- Type data.—Holotype male, Punta Peligro lotypefemale,‘‘Cordova’’,Argentina(NRS),not (46(cid:56)44‘S,67(cid:56)53‘W),SantaCruzProvince,Ar- examined). gentina, 5 February 1978, Maury coll. Brachistosternus andinus reichlini Schenkel 1949: 197–201, figs. 4a, 4c (synonymized by Maury, (MACN-Ar 10082). Paratypes: ARGENTI- 1974:75).(Holotypefemale:Rio‘‘Saludo’’,Cha- NA: Santa Cruz Province: 28 females, 24 co Province, Argentina (NMB), not examined). males, 9 juveniles, Punta Peligro, 5 February OJANGURENAFFILASTRO—NEWBRACHISTOSTERNUS 323 Figures 17–21.—Trichobothrial pattern of genus Brachistosternus: chela,ventralaspect,patellaventral aspect and patella dorsal aspect; 17. subgenus Ministernus; 18, subgenus Leptosternus; 19. subgenus Brachistosternus;20. B. telteca; 21. B. paulae. 1978, Maury coll. (MACN-Ar 10083); 9 fe- January 1978, Maury coll. (MACN-Ar males, 2 males, 4 juveniles, 11 January 1978, 10087). Maury coll. (MACN-Ar 10084); 8 females, 2 Etymology.—This species is named after males,21January1977,Maurycoll.(MACN- Paula Korob for her help in the field work Ar 10085). Diagnosis.—Brachistosternus paulae can Other specimens examined.—ARGENTI- be distinguished from the remaining species NA: Santa Cruz Province: 1 (cid:47), 1 (cid:63), 1 juve- of the genus by having only 4 ventral tricho- nile, Lago Ghio (47(cid:56)26(cid:57)S, 70(cid:56)56(cid:57)W), 16 Jan- bothria on the pedipalp chela. Its closest rel- uary 1978, Maury coll. (MACN-Ar10086);1 ative is Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) alie- juvenile, Las Heras (46(cid:56)32(cid:57)S, 68(cid:56)57(cid:57)W), 18 nus Lo¨nnberg 1898. Both species can be 324 THE JOURNALOF ARACHNOLOGY distinguished, besides the trichobothrial pat- smooth, dorsosubmedian, dorsolateral and tern, by the different shape of their hemisper- medianlateralcarinaeextendtheentirelength matophores. In B. paulae the cylindrical of the segment and converge distally; seg- apophysis is poorly developed and shorter ments II and III similar to segment I but less than the laminar apophysis (Fig. 5); it also granular,withlesswelldevelopedcarinaeand lacks all spines, except for the row of spines with four pairs of ventral setae; segment IV: that may be present in some specimens but in dorsally smooth, lateral surfaces with sparse a vestigial form. In B. alienus the cylindrical granulation, ventrally smooth with a large apophysis is longer than the laminar apophy- number of scattered setae; segment V ventral sis; the row of spines and the basal spines are surface densely granular, ventromedian and always well developed (Fig. 23). Brachistos- ventrolateral carinae extend the entire length ternus paulae has three rows of ventral setae ofthesegment(Fig.1);dorsalandventralsur- in the fifth metasomal segment, the usual dis- faces finely granular or smooth; ventral setae position being 4-2-2 (Fig. 1), whereas in B. usually comprising 3 rows: 1 basal row of 3– alienus the usual disposition is 4-2, although 5 setae, 1 median row of 1 or 2 setae, and 1 fewer than 10% of the specimens have an ad- posterior row of 1 or 2 setae, in some speci- ditional row of setae. mens there is an additional row of 1 or 2 se- Description.—Color: General color light tae; in males the androvestigia (Cekalovic yellow with a dusky pattern. Prosoma with a 1973) occupy almost 2/3 of the dorsal face dark stripe from the lateral eyes to the pos- (Fig.2).Telsonsparselygranular;vesiclewith tocularfurrow;anterioredgewithblackspots; rounded ventral surface; aculeus slightly ocular tubercle black; anterior and posterior curved,ofthesamelengthasthevesicle(Fig. longitudinal sulcus with an underlying dark 10);kidneyshapedglandofthedorsalsurface stripe. Pedipalps: femur with a black spot at (Roig Alsina & Maury 1981) absent. the articulation with the patella. Tergites I to Pedipalps: trichobothrial pattern, ortho- IV with a light dark reticulation; V with two bothriotaxic type C: femur with 3 trichoboth- posterolateraldarkspots.Metasomalsegments ria: 1 d, 1 i and 1 e; patella with 3 v tricho- I to III dorsally with two posterolateral dark bothria and 13 trichobothria on its external spots; I to IV with a narrow stripe; segments face: 3 et, 1 est, 2 em, 2 esb and 5 eb; chela ItoIVventrallywithtwolateroventralstripes; with 11 trichobothria on its prolateral face: 1 V with two lateroventral stripes and a median est, 2 et, 4 v, 1 esb and 3 eb; no intraespecific stripe that does not converge with the latero- variation has been observed in this character ventral stripes in the posterior margin of the (Fig. 21). Femur and patella without carinae, segment. Some specimens are almost com- with scattered granulation on its anteriormar- pletely yellow, without the dusky pattern. gin; chela stout with relatively short fingers Morphology: Measurements of male holo- (Figs. 6–9), smooth tegument, with a ven- type and a female paratype (MACN-Ar troexternal carina; in males the prolateral 10083) in Table 1. Prosoma: Chelicerae with apophysis is well developed; movable finger twosubdistalteeth;anterioredgewithaslight with a central row of granules and 6 or 7 in- median bulge and six setae, two on each side ternalandexternalgranules.Legs:finelygran- and two in the middle; tegument with coarse ular; telotarsi I and II with the inner unguis granules near the anterior margin, the rest 10 to 15 percent longer than the external.He- finely granular; anterior and posterior longi- mispermatophore (Figs. 3–5): narrow distal tudinal sulcus, lateral sulcus and postocular lamina,shorterthanthebasalportion,withthe furrowdeeplymarked;oculartubercleslightly external margin undulated; cylindrical apoph- anterior of the middle of the carapace with a ysis poorly developed, shorter than the lami- slight interocular sulcus, eyes one diameter nar apophysis; basal triangle well developed; apart with a seta behind eacheye.Mesosoma: row of spines generally absent, or if present, tergites I to VI smooth near the anterioredge, vestigial; internal spines and basal spines ab- the rest densely granular; VII smooth in the sent. middle, the rest densely granular. Metasoma: Variation.—Total length in males, 33–45 segmentI:ventralsurfacewithscatteredgran- mm (n (cid:53) 30; mean (cid:53) 40.32), 34–45 mm in ulation and three pairs of ventral setae,lateral females (n (cid:53) 30; mean (cid:53) 42.15). Pectines surface with scattered granulation, dorsally with 19–27 pectinal teeth in females (n (cid:53) 30; OJANGURENAFFILASTRO—NEWBRACHISTOSTERNUS 325 Table 1.—Brachistosternus paulae n. sp.: measurements (mm), number of pectinal teeth and telotarsal setae of the male holotype (MACN-Ar10082) and a female paratype (MACN-Ar10083). Male Female holotype paratype Total length 42.50 41.00 Prosoma, length 4.00 4.50 Prosoma, anterior width 2.77 3.23 Prosoma, posterior width 4.24 4.85 Mesosoma, total length 18.00 17.30 Metasoma, total length 20.50 21.20 Metasomal segment I, length 2.50 2.83 Metasomal segment I, width 2.61 2.70 Metasomal segment I, height 2.00 2.18 Metasomal segment II, length 2.80 2.90 Metasomal segment II, width 2.30 2.30 Metasomal segment II, height 2.00 2.20 Metasomal segment III, length 3.00 2.90 Metasomal segment III, width 2.10 2.20 Metasomal segment III, height 2.00 2.00 Metasomal segment IV, length 3.90 3.70 Metasomal segment IV, width 2.00 2.10 Metasomal segment IV, height 1.80 1.80 Metasomal segment V, length 4.00 4.36 Metasomal segment V, width 2.00 2.02 Metasomal segment V, height 1.63 1.62 Telson, length 4.30 4.50 Vesicle, length 2.60 2.42 Vesicle, width 1.50 1.62 Vesicle, height 1.50 1.86 Aculeus, length 1.70 2.10 Pedipalp, total length 10.45 10.53 Femur, length 2.70 2.83 Femur, width 2.70 1.00 Patella, length 2.75 2.70 Patella, width 1.10 1.37 Chela, length 5.00 5.00 Chela, width 1.30 1.45 Chela, height 1.45 1.70 Movable finger, length 3.00 2.75 Number of pectinal teeth 27–27 24–24 Telotarsus I, ventrointernalsetae 4 5 Telotarsus I, ventroexternalsetae 4 4 Telotarsus I, dorsal setae 8 7 Telotarsus II, ventrointernal setae 6 5 Telotarsus II, ventroexternal setae 4 4 Telotarsus II, dorsal setae 11 10 Telotarsus III, ventrointernal setae 8 8 Telotarsus III, ventroexternalsetae 8 9 Telotarsus III, dorsal setae 12 11 Telotarsus IV, ventrointernal setae 6 7 Telotarsus IV, ventroexternalsetae 4 5 Telotarsus IV, dorsal setae 4 4 326 THE JOURNALOF ARACHNOLOGY Figures 22–27.—Hemispermatophores of genus Brachistosternus; detail oftheloberegion,top:closed aspect, bottom: open aspect. 22–23. Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) alienus, abbreviations: IS: internal spines; BT: basal triangle; BS:basalspines;ROS:rowofspines;LA:laminarapophysis;CA:cylindrical apophysis.24–25.Brachistosternus(Ministernus)ferrugineus;26–27.Brachistosternus(Brachistosternus) ehrenbergii. Scale bars (cid:53) 1 mm. median (cid:53) 23) and 22–29 in males (n (cid:53) 30; median (cid:53) 53). Fifth metasomal segment with median (cid:53) 27). Length/height ratio oftheped- 8–13 ventrolateral setae (n (cid:53) 30; median (cid:53) ipalp chela 3.05–3.41 in males (n (cid:53) 30;mean 10), and 6–11 lateral setae (n (cid:53) 30; median (cid:53) 3.29) and 2.90–3.25 in females (n (cid:53) 30; (cid:53) 8). mean (cid:53) 3.14). Telotarsus I with 4 or 5 ven- Additional comments.—The hemisperma- trointernal setae (n (cid:53) 40; median (cid:53) 5), 4 or tophore of B. paulae is the least developed of 5 ventroexternal setae (n (cid:53) 40; median (cid:53) 5) the genus. However a Chilean species (still and 7–9 dorsal setae (n (cid:53) 40; median (cid:53) 8). unnamed) also presents such a scarce devel- Telotarsus II with 5–7 ventrointernal setae (n opment of the internal structures, but a much (cid:53)40;median(cid:53)7),4or5ventroexternalsetae longer distal lamina. (n (cid:53) 40; median (cid:53) 4) and 10–12 dorsal setae The number of pectinal teeth of B. paulae (n (cid:53) 40;median (cid:53) 12).TelotarsusIIIwith7– is similar in males and females, which is un- 9 ventrointernal setae (n (cid:53) 40; median (cid:53) 8), common in genus Brachistosternus (Roig Al- 8 or 9 ventroexternal setae (n (cid:53) 40; median sina & Maury 1981; Ojanguren Affilastro (cid:53) 8) and 10–13 dorsal setae (n (cid:53) 40; median 2000). (cid:53) 12). Telotarsus IV with 5–7 ventrointernal Although the morphology of B. paulae re- setae (n (cid:53) 40; median (cid:53) 7), 4–6 ventroexter- sembles the subgenus Leptosternus, its partic- nalsetae(n(cid:53)40;median(cid:53)4)and4–6dorsal ular trichobothrial pattern does not allow for setae(n(cid:53)40;median(cid:53)6).Fourthmetasomal its inclusion in any of the known subgenera. segment with 48–57 ventral setae (n (cid:53) 20; The same situation occurs with B. telteca